Core Tip: Kuznetsov aircraft carrier is the latest emergence of the Chinese to install the new mast and prepare for installation of a phased array radar. However, Chinese officials have remained silent. Shipyard workers still continue construction work. In addition, China has built the company with the Russian Navy has contacted and may be related to the construction technology and buy the "Kuznetsov" was installed in the equipment technology.

Network, the latest photos show, Kuznetsov aircraft carrier while not yet completed repairs, but the hull has started degaussing.

Data Figure: Test Base in Shaanxi Yanliang jump slide deck aircraft carrier simulation facilities.

Data Chart: Wuhan "carrier F" recently added a shape similar to the phased array radar antenna facilities.

Global Times - World Wide Web March 31 news network reported that the U.S. strategy on March 30 published an article entitled "" Kuznetsov "has the event" news. Article revealed that, after almost a year of silence, China's only aircraft carrier, "Shi Lang" (Note: Ship name "Shi Lang" is taken from users, there is no corresponding official statement) of the dock, there has been significant progress of the project . This is the story of this long but the latest chapter in the still mysterious. Seven years, China has been repaired ship semi-finished products from the former Soviet Union aircraft carrier. Clearly, the overall progress of the project was rather slow. However, the progress of the project was still orderly progress. This aircraft carrier is the latest emergence of the Chinese-style installation of new mast and ready to install a phased array radar. However, Chinese officials have remained silent. But the shipyard workers, construction work is still continuing.

The article said that early this year, China will "Shi Lang" aircraft carrier entering the dock, apparently in order to install the engines and other heavy equipment. This aircraft carrier a year ago, also known as the "Kuznetsov" (Varyag) number, is now renamed "Shi Lang" (No. 1681 Shi Lang is back in Taiwan for the Chinese name of a general, China will aircraft carrier Name this name its obvious implication is that Taiwan), hull number 83.

Earlier this year, from the Google Earth map showing the Chinese Air Force base, in its imitation of the construction of a "Shi Lang" aircraft carrier deck training devices, mainly used for carrier aircraft taking off and landing. Here, the line member of the Chinese Air Force goalkeeper training aircraft carrier landing task extremely difficult.

"Kuznetsov" was a Russian Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier of one of them, of the 20th century began building 80 years. Although China has many years of restoration work, but no one knows the Chinese buy "Shi Lang" / "Kuznetsov" program in the end is. Article that far, public opinion that China's move that the carrier to buy the ultimate goal is for "training ship" for training the first generation of aircraft carrier pilots and seamen. Perhaps not so. After all no one knows, "Shi Lang" The real plan is. All of these need to be seen and speculation.

"Kuznetsov" was there in 2002, Dalian shipyard in China. As the ship is in the protected state, the curious can only be observed from a nearby highway. Network from the photos and comments revealed that local fans have noticed the military ship repair work is under way. This work can be seen a few obvious signs, such as spraying the new Chinese navy standard gray primer and superstructure construction work in progress, especially in the flight deck of the tall ship island. We found through photographs, many workers work in the ship, we could see coming in and out of various materials. The article said that workers from the shipyard received the news that China has taken on the aircraft carrier more than ever security measures, including education workers are not allowed to disclose in detail any work on the carrier's strict instructions.

"Kuznetsov" was the original displacement of 90,000 tons, the class was originally designated as nuclear-powered ships, the first design is similar to the U.S. aircraft carrier (with steam catapults). On the contrary, due to high construction costs, as well as modern American aircraft carrier in the highly complex construction difficulties, the Soviet Union was forced to cut their plans, the final displacement of 65,000 tons (full load), and no steam catapult, but the use of sliding-type jump replaced by the flight deck. Nuclear-powered propulsion system design is also forced to give up, but the "Kuznetsov" was still a powerful warship. The thousand-foot-long aircraft carrier can carry 12 shipborne Su -27 fighter (called Su -33), 14 card-27PL anti-submarine helicopters, two electronic warfare helicopters and two search and rescue helicopters. But the ship carrying up to 36 SU - 33 and 16 helicopters. Aircraft can carry up to 2,500 tons of aviation fuel, so that it can produce 500 to 1,000 times the aircraft and helicopter sorties. Crew of up to 2,500 (or 3,000 full load). At present the only existing two versions of the aircraft carrier: The Russian Navy, "Kuznetsov" aircraft carrier, the other one is China's "Kuznetsov" was.

It is reported that China has with the Russian Navy has contacted the construction company, and may be related to the construction technology and buy the "Kuznetsov" was installed in the equipment technology. Some Chinese leaders have said they would have aircraft carriers after 2010 (which probably refers to the renovated "Shi Lang" number). Even if true, this will be an ambitious plan, the Chinese are looking forward to their new military technologies can give new life aboard the old boat.

About a year ago, China announced the first batch of aircraft carrier pilots have begun training at the Dalian Naval Academy. The Navy officials will conduct a 4-year Navy teaching the course, into a carrier to take off from aircraft carrier fighter pilot. Russia has warned the Chinese that this process may take a decade or more behind a long time to develop cost-effective to run an aircraft carrier with the necessary knowledge and skills.
 

January 29, 2010, the United States announced a new round of massive arms sales to Taiwan. Although containing a 3 missile patriotic, but this list has no will Taiwan's most urgent F-16C / D fighters into them, whether to sell Taiwan F-16C / D fighters have also become concerned about the US-Taiwan focus. In fact, F-16C / D fighters really excellent performance during the transition period is now the best choice for Taiwan's air force.

 
Taiwan Air Force II forces of "family picture."
Taiwan recently conducted a cross-strait air combat simulation, the result is F-16A/B-BLOCK20 exclusive chelating head, known as the Taiwan "defense combat capability of the Nucleus", in fact, the simulation is actually for the defense of Taiwan, the so-called transitional combat capability is the so-called second-generation semi-fighter selection made by the publicity, but also reflects the strength of the shift sides.

Of high quality and quantity of Taiwan's Air Force

We know from the last century 90's, the Taiwan Air Force to begin construction of the so-called second-generation force, to be completed early in this century, the main projects include; the introduction of four E-2T early warning aircraft (in this century is also an additional two E-2C -2000 type), 130 F-CK-1A / B-type ID (with 433 in the Tainan Air Base Wing and the Chingchuankang 437 Wing Air Force Base), 150 F-16A/B-BLCOK20 (with in Chiayi 455 Wing Air Force Base, 401 Hualien Air Base Wing), 60 Mirage -2000-5EI/DI fighter (with the Hsinchu Air Base Wing 499), in addition to about 90 F-5E / F fighter planes as second-line backup and training (with 737 in Taitung Air Base Wing), so that Taiwan has more than 400 Air Force combat aircraft, including three generations of fighters for the 340, the scale over time in most countries and regions, the air combat force, but also high the mainland at that time three generations of combat aircraft fleet, the Air Force at that time the mainland has about 200 Su -27SK/-30MKK series around.

 
AIM-7M can mount the F-16A/B-BLOCK20 are in last place.
Last place of the F-16A / B

The beginning of the introduction of second-generation fighter in service, in three planes is the highest rating in Taiwan Mirage -2000-5, mainly because it is equipped with the RDY radar fire control was the best performance of the radar cross, detecting a distance about 150 km, with Mika active radar guided air to air missile interception capability in over the horizon was still higher than its semi-active radar system for air to air missiles, combat aircraft for the mainstream have greater advantages, it was known as "flying the sky across the Taiwan Strait Dragon ", 499 Wing of the commissioning ceremony, also known as the" Dragon drill ', IDF's Golden Dragon -53 Although the performance fire control radar to be much lower than RDY, but with Sword -2 active radar guided air to air missile its ability to intercept over the horizon is not to be ignored, and because aircraft are made, and therefore more convenient to supply spare parts, known then had the "highest good rate." The F-16A / B rating from its lowest air weapons AIM-7M is still semi-active radar guided air to air missile, relative to the other two air missiles, heavy, close range, anti-interference ability is low, so I had to, "King-fold back seat," - this is carried out in recent air combat simulation in Taiwan in sharp contrast.

 
F-5 has grown old, unbearable one use.
However, discipline in this century, the rapid growth of comprehensive strength of China, a strong impetus to the modernization of the mainland's development of the Air Force, in particular, the mainland-made F--10/-11 fighter, police -2000/-200 air, active radar-guided air-Pili -12 missiles and other airborne weapons, successfully developed, mass production of military equipment to allow the rapid comparison of cross-strait air power tilt to the mainland, and Taiwan due to economic stagnation, the Air Force combat capability-building and even Lou reduced in stop state, so the Taiwan region The so-called crisis of 2005, saying that the mainland since 2005 the Straits achieved air superiority, and then keep the balance compared to the mainland tilt.

F-5 fighter retiring

According to Taiwan's air force, existing equipment in the 737 Wing's F-5E / F fighter planes as long era of mass production, coupled with long-term high-intensity flight training, life has to exhaust the body, regardless of tactical and technical indicators have been passing , from 2010 need to phase out. And from this century, Taiwan has been seeking a new pilot trainer, but both made or purchased programs die a natural death, so the Taiwan Air Force is the urgent need to fill a new trainer after retiring F-5E left blank.

 
Only part of the IDF would fight Institutional Eagle upgrade.
Half of the IDF fighter planes will be used as training aircraft

IDF is the first service of its second generation, so regardless of the body or equipment of life, consumption and aging are the most serious and life extension and upgrade, but from the 90 century weapons and equipment in Taiwan since the development of "self" to " outsourcing, "so serious pressure on the island of the firms in the living space, the result is of course a number of spare parts manufacturers disappear, even the IDF's development Fang Hanxiang itself the edge of life and death struggle in the view of this, since this century , AIDC has been ASL plans facilitator, IDF combat the upgrade program research, first aircraft number 为 F-CK-1C / D first flight in 2007, the success of machine is mainly Shengji airborne radar, cockpit and flight control system, in 2009 the Air Force and AIDC in Taiwan IDF fighter aircraft upgrade contract signed, limited budget, the Taiwan region is only intended to upgrade 71 Air Force, IDF fighters, while the remaining body repair and life extension through the IDF used to replace F-5 after as the Taiwan Air Force pilot training a new generation of aircraft use, such as first-line combat aircraft IDF fighter fleet shrank about half.

 
Phantom -2000-5 upgrading the logistics maintenance trouble.
Mirage 2000-5 is difficult to upgrade security

Another difficult issue facing the logistical aspects of the Mirage -2000-5 combat aircraft, although aircraft combat aircraft in service at the beginning comparing the two sides have a greater advantage, but the level of combat aircraft as the mainland's rapid growth, its cost-effective than in rapid decline, the Taiwan Air Force, its logistical problems particularly prominent one is the U.S. military standard used in Taiwan, such as the IDF and the F-16 are used 1553B data bus, while the French Mirage -2000-5 standard DIGIBUS, both In the data format is not compatible, so that long-term use of American weapons to Taiwan Air Force Mirage -2000-5 must set up a logistical support system alone, but with the Mirage -2000 shrinking the scale of production, many manufacturers of spare parts production Transferring or disappear, even if the production scale to achieve because of low price is high, so the Air Force for the maintenance of Taiwan's fleet of Mirage -2000-5 is getting to heavy feeling, feeling quite exhausted, so sealed part of the Mirage -2 000 -5 heard the news from time to time.

More importance is the Mirage -2000-5 upgrade potential is limited, the obstacles are not derived from technology, but political obstacles, although France has launched the upgraded Mirage Mirage -2000-5 -2000-9, from the current Sino-French relations and China's international influence, the French agreed to the possibility of escalation of Taiwan, almost no, or even into the Taiwan air force Mirage -2000-5 new automated command systems are very difficult, due to France's Dassault unwilling to provide the U.S. Mirage -2000-5 avionics core data, so the U.S. did not complete the installation of Taiwan Mirage -2000-5 MIDS-LVT terminal project, which means that E-2T can only rely on voice communication command Phantom -2000-5 operations, which increase in cross-strait into the early warning data link command is very negative today, which is why the Taiwan Air Force has been to reduce the fleet of Mirage -2000-5 the root causes.

 
The typical third-generation avionics system uses multi-layer multiple data bus.
Despite the technical and tactical service beginning F-16A/B-BLOCK20 state is not satisfactory, but the U.S. actually takes the new wine in old bottles means that although the machine body is F-16A/B-BLOCK15 approved, but airborne equipment is the latest mid-life extension of equipment upgrade project, which to MMC-300 modular mission computer as the core, using a number of multi-layer data bus, regardless of the data processing system to accommodate the equipment and featured excellent degree of on active duty at the time the F-16 fighter aircraft, the system can be easily upgraded and expanded functionality.

In fact at the time, including the U.S. Air Force F-16 series their F-16C / D model is still using single dual redundant data bus, fire control computer system to the core, inertial navigation computer as a backup, its processing power and capacity of low- in MMC-300, Gulf War F-16 also appeared to remove the old weapons, fire control computer program to accommodate the situation of the parameters of new weapons.

 
Equipped with AIM-120 make up the largest F-16A/B-BLOCK20 a short board.
Transfiguration multi-task combat aircraft

Entered service in Taiwan, the United States to pursue graded approach to improving F-16A/B-BLOCK20 operational capability, in the last century, sold 28 sets of night precision navigation and targeting pods, even though the system is the U.S. Air Force " Blue Shield "system of simplified type (remove the latter's terrain following radar, and no ground missiles and guided the Mavericks), but it is a Taiwan Air Force, to the exact day and night are the only ground attack capability of the system, and then to the mainland was the Russian name of R-77 air to air missiles to Taiwan in the beginning of this century sold active radar-guided AIM-120 air to air missiles, which make up the largest piece of short board machine, and then the U.S. has agreed to Taiwan sale of air-launched Harpoon anti-ship missiles, HARM anti-radiation missiles, and reconnaissance pods and other weapons, and electronic warfare system to increase the ALE-50 towed decoy system, which for both sides to enter active radar guided air to air missile era today, with great practical value. So F-16A/B-BLOCK20 has served at the beginning from the air and only have the basic ability of the ground attack fighter, became can do with air, day and night precision ground attack, anti-ship, tactical reconnaissance and other combat missions combat aircraft.

 
BLOCK20 is the few F-16 can fire air-launched Harpoon anti-ship missile models.
F-16A / B next upgrade in a large space

F-16A/B-BLOCK20 advantage is not limited to, first of all it can very easily into the Po Sheng program to, the project itself led by the United States, there is the fleet of F-16 fleet of large, Ling Bei Jian source channel broad and cheap prices much higher intact rate can be maintained to keep the size of Yixian combat aircraft, while also more convenient to upgrade, to rely on a strong aviation industry F-16A/B-BLOCK20 to the United States that can be quickly and easily to F-16A / B upgrade to a higher level, in fact, the United States Air Force in recent years, Taiwan has proposed on; will F-16A/B-BLOCK20 the mission computer upgrade to the level of MMC-700 to accommodate more equipment and weapons. Including airborne radar upgrade to AN/APG-68V-9 standards, under the guidance of air to air missiles, AIM-120C-7, are used by the JHMCS and AIM-9X missiles in response to a new generation of high-performance onboard the mainland air force weapons.

This second-generation Taiwanese Air Force Mirage combat aircraft in the IDF and by the logistical and other reasons -2000-5 restrictions, the number is inevitable to reduce the relatively good condition F-16 will become the backbone of its combat capability and the main, So the Air Force for its assessment of Taiwan have "black-bone chicken variable Phoenix," the general changes.

 
JSF's development partners to many, difficult to obtain in the near future in Taiwan mobile.
And the growing gap between the mainland air force

According to Taiwan to assess its air force combat aircraft by 2015 may be reduced from the current 340 to around 250 or less (150 F-16A/B-BLCIK20, 71 IDF, and 30 Mirage -2000-5), while Three Air Force combat aircraft continental scale is likely to more than 600, so that the balance of power in the two sides in nearly 1:3 in Taiwan living in absolute disadvantage. Taiwan Air Force considers necessary to meet the continent a new generation of Air Force combat aircraft continuously improve the combat capability is actually to buy U.S. F-35, but the Taiwan region is not the JSF's development partners, the JSF program to other development participants to gain F -35 to purchase, so at least until 2020 to get the aircraft.

Therefore, the Air Force in Taiwan that the need for a transitional period for the aircraft to fill the "war power vacuum." Clear from the start with the existing aircraft commonality, purchasing F-16C/D-BLOCK52 are the right choice. However, efforts to introduce F-16C/D-BLOCK52 in Taiwan before the Air Force, Taiwan Air Force in recent years, there has been a significant upgrade to F-16A/B-BLOCK20.

 
AN/APG-68V-9 for Taiwan Air Force is precious.
F-16C / D compared to A / B type of significant improvements

1. AN/APG-68V-9 better performance of airborne radar. F-16C/D-BLOCK52 existing F-16A/B-BLOCK20 than Taiwan's more advanced airborne radar, the radar equipped AN/APG-68V-9 considerable distance and RDY radar and AIM as supporting -120C-5-air missile launch envelope than MICA air to air missiles, it can effectively fill the shadow -2000-5 fleet downsizing after the fall in Taiwan Air Force air combat capability gap, and even increased.

2. Engine thrust greater, stronger attack. BLOCK52 used engine F100-PE-229, 130 kN thrust class, is much larger than BLOCK20 the F100-PW-200E level of 100 kN. This BLOCK52 amount is greater than the maximum take-off BLOCK20, the former maximum takeoff weight of 19 tons, which is only 17 tons, this means that the former has a greater payload, greater range, combat radius in the same case can mount more weapons, or weapons mounted in the same conditions, with longer combat radius.

According to the information in the same mounting conditions; hanging six MK82 bombs, four air to air missiles and an electronic warfare pods, two 1400 l fuel tank, BLOCK52 than BLOCK20 combat radius of about 70% higher. In the same four air to air missile mounted case, BLOCK52 can use 2000 liters of large fuel tank, its 300 km away from the base of endurance up to one hour, while BLOCK20 can only use 1000 liters fuel tank, only 30 stayed in the air minutes, so the Taiwan Air Force is, in fact, an increase equal to double the size of fleet.

 
BLOCK52, 20 is basically the same cockpit, help control, logistics commonality.
3. Telex using digital flight control system. BLOCK52 used in digital flight control system telex than BLOCK20 analog not only faster response, and can take delivery of news and navigation pod, automatic terrain following flight, now BLOCK20 only the navigation pod information displayed in the cockpit HUD above, the pilot accordingly terrain following flight, its operational capabilities to be much lower than the former. Clearly the introduction of F-16C/D-BLOCK52 both in attack and defense to increase the Taiwan air force's combat capability.

4. To achieve integration of the Taiwan Air Force major fighter force. To introduce F-16C/D-BLOCK52 as an opportunity to achieve BLOCK52, 20 batches of major equipment, so as to share the logistics support system, as stated earlier, two F-16 Series upgrade project MLU, CCIP actually used the same avionics and cockpit equipment, it means that pilots can be more convenient models of conversion, if the medium-term overhaul in BLOCK20 radar replacement AN/APG-68V-9, engine upgrade for the F100-PW-229, then F-16 can achieve the standard of universal fleet, that is, the main air base in Taiwan can protect the F-16 fighter jets, rather than as at present, Hsinchu Hualien Mirage -2000-5 retreat to, can hardly be logistical aspects, the Taiwan Air Force during the war for improving the viability of particular benefit, and because of pilot training and also help to dress up.

 
Taiwan Air Force F-16 pilots trained in the United States.
Made from the defense to rely on outsourcing, the United States from legal weapons to fully armed, it actually reflects the overall strategy of Taiwan's recent changes, we know that China is already today the third largest economy, Japan is also just around the corner over the second , a strong power for the mainland's military modernization to provide a solid foundation. In this trend, already knew that Taiwan has its own power alone can not fight with the mainland.

The only resort is to rescue the United States, so Taiwan's defense strategy has from the last century, "independent stick" quietly changed to "stick to be aid," to improve US-Taiwan military integration that has become the trend, in which the background Next, IDF and Mirage -2000-5 decline in the status of Taiwan's air force is inevitable, after Bo Sheng plan, Taiwan's C4ISR system actually can be regarded as the United States in the Asia-Pacific region as part of the relevant systems, technical indicators and the use of war the United States serving the same F-16 fighter jets will also help in the future to provide support to the United States, but also with the future of joint operations with the United States may be the material basis.

Taiwan's main combat aircraft of the change, reflects the U.S. policy change for Taiwan, but also reflects a change in relative strength of both sides. But from the U.S. arms sales to Taiwan over the years can also be found back in the United States, Taiwan's armed forces on Taiwan-US military integration process, the trend has been accelerating, which have to say is a very dangerous signal.
 

Core Tip: Japan's "military research" magazine article in March No. speculate that China will soon load displacement for the construction of aircraft carriers from 50,000 to 60,000 tons, can carry up to 60 carrier-based aircraft, use of diesel propulsion. The article also said that several years ago, China began to prepare the related equipment for the equipment carrier, is likely to build on this year's official carrier. Reliable sources said. The carrier is expected to be completed around 2015.

Friends make the future of the Chinese navy carrier and escort ships.

Century-old factory in Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard Yangtze River estuary of the Changxing Shipbuilding Base is the largest and most modern shipbuilding base, is said domestic carriers could be built here.

Xinhua reported on March 31 Japan's "military research" magazine in March No. article entitled "China's main warship of the latest construction trends" (defense technical experts of more than Tianzhi Yan). Chinese Navy aircraft carrier is probably the biggest topic of the construction. Prior to the construction of aircraft carriers, China bought from Russia, a retired Navy aircraft carrier to conduct research, take a good long time to improve the technical strength, and now finally decided to build aircraft carriers.

China is expected to be built aircraft carrier load displacement for the 50 thousand to 60 thousand tons, can carry up to 60 carrier-based aircraft, use of diesel propulsion. China several years ago began to prepare the related equipment for the equipment carrier, is likely to build on this year's official carrier. Reliable sources said. The carrier is expected to be completed around 2015.

The water battle fleet, the Chinese navy is steadily increasing combat effectiveness.

Chinese Navy destroyer has made military service, including 17 051-type "LD" class (1993, 1971, a service), two 052-type "in Shanghai" class (1994, 1996 service) and a 051B-based "travel sea "class (1999 service).

Made in the construction of vessels, China has also imported from Russia more than destroyers. China bought from Russia two "modern" class destroyers, respectively in 1999 and 2001, the Chinese navy, "Hangzhou" number and "Fuzhou" was as service. In addition. China to the Russian Navy has also ordered two performance upgrades 956EM-type "modern" class destroyers, the two ships were in 2005 and entered service in 2006, named "Taizhou" number and "Ningbo" No..

China-made destroyers, China is in the 051B type "Sea Journey" class "Shenzhen" service number, the longer the construction of the model, but the start of construction of its upgraded version of 052-type "foreign travel" class destroyers. The level of "Guangzhou" number and "Wuhan" number two ships in service in 2004.

Performance of the Chinese also built two further escalation of 052C-type "Ocean Journey 2" class destroyers, the two ships ("Lanzhou" number and the "mouth" was) were in service in 2004 and 2005. 052C type "Ocean Journey 2" class destroyers equipped with the new domestic radar.

China's two new Type 051C destroyers made "travel the state" level "Shenyang" number and "Shijiazhuang" was, respectively, in October 2006 and 2007. Years of service in March. The latest 051C type "Travel State" class (presumed to full load displacement of 7,100 tons) destroyers equipped with the Russian Fregat-MAE5 coordinate air defense radar.

China has also continued construction of new frigates. From the relatively new frigates, China has four main frigate 053H2G type "Jiang Wei 1" class frigate (full load displacement of 2250 tons, 1994, 1992, a service), and 10 053H3-type "Jiang Wei 2" level frigate (full load displacement of 2,400 tons in 1998, serving one in 2005).

In addition, nearly 4,000 tons full load displacement of a large frigate "Ma On Shan" number and "Wenzhou" No. 2 054-type "Jiang Kai-1"-class frigates, the two ships have been in service in 2005 and 2006. The improved version of 054A-type "Jiang Kai 2"-class frigate commissioned in succession after 2008, speculation that these frigates including the "Zhoushan," No. "Xuzhou" number and "Huang Shan" was such a total of six, but it was not clear and specific situation.

Taiwan and the Spratly Islands issue, China is strengthening the construction of Navy landing ship. The past, Chinese landing ship tank landing ship to the main. But now began the construction of dock landing ship.

China's current main tank landing ships, including seven 072-type "Jade Hom" class (full load displacement of 4170 tons, 1995, 1980, a service), 10 072-II-type "Yu-ting 1" level (full load displacement of 4800 tons 1990s, a service in the early 2000s), and the 9 072 1 III "Yu-ting 2" level.

China's latest landing ship was commissioned in November 2007 the first Chinese navy ship dock landing vessels - 071 type. The ship is said to reach full load displacement of 20,000 tons of 1.7 in case. Hull rear deck below the flight deck with well-type, which can accommodate four air cushion landing craft. Flight deck above the two landing points set.

On the Chinese navy's nuclear submarines, in service prior to 1990, five 091-type "in the Han-class nuclear submarines, nearly three is an attack submarine. Following the" Han ", after the 093-level" business "class nuclear submarine, at the time of construction was Russian technical support.

In addition, the strategic missile nuclear submarines, the 1 092-type "summer" class submarine commissioned in 1997, with two second-generation 094 as "Jin" class nuclear submarine, allegedly launched in the year 2005, but the specific time and service details unknown.
 

Core Tip: Russia recently announced that China's purchases from Russia of 15 battalions of S-300 air defense missile system is now fully delivered, and the Russian military analysts believe that China will continue to purchase carrier-based air defense missile system S-300 to equip China's destroyer; Russian air defense missile development company spokesman also predicted that the future may also be signed with China to sell S-400 air defense missile contract.

Data Figure: Chinese Navy warships equipped air defense missile Reeve

Data Figure: Russian S-400 "Triumph" air defense missile systems

Global Times on March 31, according to U.S. media reported on March 26 reported that Russia recently announced that China's purchases from Russia, a total of 15 battalions equipped with S-300 air defense missile system is now fully delivered, and the Russian military analyst that China will continue to purchase carrier-based S-300 air defense missile systems to equip China's destroyer; Russian air defense missile development company spokesman also predicts the future may also be signed with China to sell S-400 air defense missile contract.

Voice of America Web site reports that Russia "diamond - Aetna," the company just released a press release said the company has fulfilled the contract, the Chinese purchase of S-300 air defense missile system is now fully delivered; in August 2007 to 2009 In November, a total delivery of the equipment to China 15 Camp S-300PMU2 air defense missile systems, as well as four sets of SU83M6E2 type command and control systems. The company's press spokesman Huoda Liao Knocke said, just delivery of air defense missile system S-300 air defense missile series, the most advanced models, before that, China has purchased more than 10 camps of the old S-300 .

Reported that Huoda Liao Knox did not say that China's purchases of 15 S-300 air defense missile battalion contract amount. But he stressed that China's air defense missile procurement of these large orders, the factory this busy pace of work, which the company's history, there is no precedent. Huo Daliao Knox said to his knowledge, the company does not intend to imitation weapons in China, to the dissatisfaction of China, the future of his company expects to continue to cooperate with China. Huo Daliao Knox also revealed that his personal view that, over time, the future may also be signed with China to sell S-400 air defense missile contract.

Since 2007, China's arms deals with Russia continue to shrink the size. Air defense missile system in the arms deal between the two countries account for a significant proportion. Russia arms expert Piyatushen King said: "Since the Chinese stopped buying fighter jets from Russia, China's air defense missile order to become a military-technical cooperation between the main components. But I want to emphasize again that the Chinese purchased from the Russian S-300 air defense missile systems are land-based air defense missiles, although the delivery of these missiles have finished, but the Chinese still continue to buy carrier-based S-300 air defense missiles, such missiles and equipment in China destroyers. "
 

Core Tip: U.S. Global Strategy Network in March 2010 30 Journal article said the U.S. Defense Department official on "anti-ship ballistic missiles, China's R & D" to respond to rumors, and raised the question of tactics, the article said, the United States is the deployment of spy ships, aircraft and satellite test China looks forward to vigorously capture relevant data.

Data Figure: U.S. Navy T-AGM 23 "Observation Island" missile tracking ship, carrying more than high-power radar to hundreds of kilometers away on the accurate measurement of ballistic missiles

Data for: the completion of the U.S. space-based infrared system network, it can within the scope of the global early warning of ballistic missile launches and tracking

Data Figure: Last year North Korea said it would test-fire rockets, the Northeast Asian region and its allies over the U.S. Navy Aegis ships starting on the North Korean rocket ship measurements, the deployment of a large number of these countries have the Aegis system can track the ballistic missiles

Data for: U.S. Air Force deployed in the Korean peninsula plus RC-135 surveillance plane, can be sent when a large number of missile tests carried out interception of electronic signals

Global Times - World Wide Web on March 31 reported that the U.S. global strategic network of 30 March, 2010 published entitled, "We will defeat you" (We Will Repel You) article, the article said the U.S. Defense Department official on the "China developed anti-ship ballistic missiles, "respond to rumors, and raised the question of tactics, the article said, the United States is deploying spy ships, aircraft and satellites, looking forward to test China, which strongly capture relevant data. The article also speculated that China can be found in their study a 3,000 km from the aircraft carrier-the-horizon radar, can provide guidance for the new anti-ship ballistic missiles.

The article first said that after years of rumors and media speculation, the United States Department of Defense has finally officially announced that it has realized that China is trying to build to attack ships at sea, especially aircraft carrier strike ballistic missile system. The Pentagon says it is ready for such weapons in the Pacific region (including not only land but also sea) deployment of ABM systems to deal with such weapons. Clearly, the United States is looking forward to China as soon as possible to start testing this new weapons, the United States is deploying spy ships, aircraft and satellite, to get as much as possible to capture data related to such weapons.

Global Strategic Network article mentioned that the whole is this - China's DF-21 ballistic missile has been equipped with a high-explosive warhead, also carrying a can be found in the sea and attack an aircraft carrier in the guidance system. DF-21 missile has a 1,800 km range, usually, carry 300-kiloton nuclear warheads, DF-21 is a two-stage rocket-propelled missile, it can carry a kind of half-ton of high penetration explosive warhead, then it will be a characteristic with the guidance system (a radar and image recognition system).

The article also said the U.S. media, it is believed that the Chinese people through "reverse engineering" (Reverse Engineering) to re-invent or "plagiarism" of the United States in the 70s of last century used to "Pershing" (Pershing) ballistic missile on the Seeker technology. "Pershing" ballistic missile is a weight of 7.5 tons with the U.S. Army missile range is 1,800 km and can carry nuclear warheads (more accurate) combat radius of 30 meters to the target point within the range, perhaps because the guidance system with its own radar. The performance of this precision attack missiles to the Soviet Union are very disturbing, because such missiles to the Soviet command bunkers is extremely weak, the Soviet Union finally agreed to reach a large number of nuclear and missile non-weaponization of agreement (as in exchange for) the purpose is to make the United States "Pershing" missile retired 80 in the last century.

The article mentioned a long time, there have been rumors that China will have a similar U.S. "Pershing" missile weapons, but have not yet tested. If China did succeed in building up a DF-21 "aircraft carrier killer" version, the U.S. Navy can improve its "Aegis" (Aegis) anti-missile system to protect aircraft from such attacks, it seems, this kind of work has been underway the. There is also a choice against the way - through the blinding DF-21 electronic warfare radar. China still a difficult problem is that in launching anti-aircraft missiles, DF-21 target aircraft carrier before obtaining the general direction, to do this is not impossible, but it would be difficult. China seems to have doing the work.

The article added that at least the past three years, China has developed an ultra-horizon radar (over-the-horizon, OTH), this radar can be found as far away as 3,000 kilometers away in the large vessels, such as the U.S. aircraft carrier, you can use this information to provide guidance to the target location of ballistic missiles. This long time horizon radar used to detect ballistic missile launches and heavy bombers approaching. OTH radar has received a number of improvements, full use of the flat ocean surface, to capture large targets such as ships. The cheaper, more powerful computer, so that-the-horizon radar in the identification of thousands of miles away when the ship is more accurate. OTHR great shape, very fragile when hit, missile or smart bomb is easy to paralyze or destroy it.

Core Tip: "Moscow Defense Briefing" magazine editor, said: "The United States will not be the potential rival to China to provide large thrust engine, while the EU arms embargo has also been restricted, so China can only buy Russian products. through the provision of military engines to China, Russia will be able to control the export of Chinese fighters, so that Russian-made aircraft in the international market from the impact of the latter. "

Data Figure: China and Pakistan jointly developed the Xiaolong aircraft using Russian-made engines.

Taihang engine performance because of instability, the Chinese J-10 fleet is still widely used Russian-made AL-31F engines.

Youth reference March 31, according to Russian reports, "Air Port" Web site reported on March 24, due to be Russian-made engine to help the Chinese military counterparts with the Russian aviation industry was assessed by chance. In accordance with the agreements signed between China and Russia, Russia Czerny Chevron recently began production of 43 units in China RD-93 turbofan engines. These engines will be used in China and Pakistan co-production of JF-17 fighter aircraft, the aircraft will enter the international market, the future, a Russian fighter competitors.

Russia's arms export business company said 25 units have already completed RD-93 engines, all 43 units will be delivered during the year. In addition, in May of this year before Russia will also sign a new 100 RD-93 engine supply contract. Earlier, Russia in 2006 provided China with 100 of the engine, all installed in the JF-17 fighter. Another rumor said that if Russia can guarantee to further enhance the performance of RD-93 engines, China will buy nearly 1,000, the total contract value could reach 3.75 billion U.S. dollars, which is obviously a great temptation to the Russian side.

Reported that, although China's aviation industry has made great progress, but its aircraft engine production capacity remains weak. Chinese self-developed WS-10A engine program installed on F -10 fighter to replace imports from Russia AL-31F engines, but their performance is not stable, China's imports from Russia last year had 122 units to AL-31F engine to ensure the production of J -10.

Purchase of Russian-made RD-93 engines, it is necessary to ensure the export JF-17 fighter needs. The machine was regarded as the U.S. F-16 fighter and the Russian MiG -35 potential competitors, Pakistan Air Force has decided to deploy the first batch of 150 JF-17, and intended to co-production with China an additional 200 to 250, used to Egypt, Algeria, Azerbaijan and other countries export. As the JF-17 is priced at only about 15 million U.S. dollars, almost half of similar products in the United States and Russia, Russia was worried about JF-17 will affect the country and even Soviet MiG -35 -30 aircraft exports.

But "Moscow Defense Briefing" magazine editor 米哈伊巴拉 Banov not think so, he said: "The United States will not provide potential rival to China in this great thrust engine, while the EU arms embargo by constraints, so China can only buy Russian products. ... ... through the provision of military engines to China, Russia will be able to control the export of Chinese fighters, so that Russian-made aircraft in the international market from the impact of the latter. "

Core Tip: According to Russia's "correspondent" website, the Ukrainian FED aircraft machinery manufacturing group is currently working on with China to establish a joint production of large transport aircraft for the purpose of joint venture negotiations with China on matters. The two countries will co-assembly of a large transport aircraft, some analysts have pointed out that the Ukrainian plan to work together to build will be similar to -76 with the IL-heavy military transport aircraft.

Data Figure: China's air force fleet of IL -76 times in the Wenchuan earthquake relief supplies to affected areas by air, at this stage, IL -76 in China's strategic transport capacity, play a decisive role in

Data Figure: Network on the spread of Chinese-made model of Dayun

Data Figure: Russia and Ukraine jointly developed by an -70 transport planes, due to technical problems encountered, coupled with inadequate investment in the project Russia, Ukraine has been trying to find a partner in the continued development of the aircraft

Global Times - World Wide Web March 30 reported that, according to Russia's "correspondent" website reported, Ukraine and China is now planning to establish a production of large transport aircraft for the purpose of cooperative enterprise. Ukraine FED aircraft machinery manufacturing group is currently working on this matter with the Chinese to negotiate.

Ukraine FED Aircraft Machinery Manufacturing Group CEO Vasily Popov pointed out that his company had been cooperating with the Chinese side, mainly Russian-made equipment to China and the Ukraine system of aircraft spare parts. The joint venture will undoubtedly strengthen the FED's position in the Chinese market and to guarantee the smooth implementation of the Chinese order.

Popov said the Ukrainian aircraft manufacturing companies in the two countries will jointly assemble a large transport aircraft. Some analysts have pointed out that Ukraine plans will be jointly built with Russian Il -76 similar to the heavy military transport aircraft. At present, China is developing technical performance and close to major transport aircraft Il--76, while the FED aircraft Machinery Manufacturing Group will serve as partners in the scheme. China Aviation Industry Corporation in November last year, announced that it is developing a 200-ton heavy-duty transport.

Experts pointed out that Ukraine's large military transport aircraft FED company has extensive experience - its is still supporting the production of IL -76 parts. Needs to be emphasized that China had previously been carried out with Ukraine cooperation in the fields of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the two countries still maintain close relations of cooperation.

FED Aircraft Machinery Manufacturing Corporation is not the first contact with China, Ukrainian aircraft manufacturing companies. End of last year there have been reports that Ukraine's Antonov Konzern is also well-known on the establishment of a joint venture with the Chinese side to negotiate. The two sides may be planning in China produced the latest model of an -70 medium-sized military transport aircraft.

FED Aircraft Machinery Manufacturing Corporation, founded in 1993, is the territory of the CIS the most important aerospace and general machinery development, production, protection and maintenance enterprises.

Core Tip: March 29 local time, 9:30 (GMT 14:30), gloomy weather, the Gulf of Aden, are here to escort the ship to implement resolution 182 granted the fifth mission of the Chinese navy to escort a formation with an unidentified submarine face encounter, escort fleet battle plan and strengthen the warning, an unknown submarine in the Arabian Sea towards the direction of travel away.

"Chaohu" frigates and a submarine of unknown head-and-off.

Unknown submarine in the opposite direction from the merchant to the right road.

Vaguely visible unidentified submarine traveling on the water.

Overcast weather has brought to the scene of intense fighting in the atmosphere.

March 30 Global Times reported March 29 local time, 9:30 (GMT 14:30), gloomy weather, the Gulf of Aden, are here to escort the ship to implement resolution 182 granted the mandate of the Chinese navy to escort fleet and the fifth a submarine of unknown nationality, face encounter, escort fleet battle plan and strengthen the warning, an unknown submarine in the Arabian Sea towards the direction of travel away.
 

Core Tip: in 2005 obesity rate of detection compared to 2000 increased by nearly 50%, college students Jin Shishuai up to 83%. Overall decline in physical quality of the young students. Compared with 1995, students flexibility, explosive power, strength, endurance, lung capacity declined in. Physical quality of the speed quality, power quality has declined for 10 consecutive years, the quality of endurance has declined for 20 consecutive years.

Data Figure: China is stepping up its troops in the proportion of college students, college students as high as 83% of the Jin Shishuai of the recruits have been affected by the quality.

China Youth Daily reported March 30 that obesity rates in 2005 than in 2000 detected an increase of nearly 50% of the students Jin Shishuai 31%, 58% middle school students, high school students is 76%, 83% of university students.

According to the national physique monitoring results, China's young students an overall decline in physical quality. In 2005 compared with 1995, students flexibility, explosive power, strength, endurance, lung capacity declined in. Among them, the quality of physical qualities of speed, power quality has declined for 10 consecutive years, the quality of endurance has declined for 20 consecutive years.

Recently, in "My movement, I am happy, my health" theme of Olympic education Lash's a series of activities to launch the activities of the Beijing Olympics, vice president of Urban Development Association, the Eleventh CPPCC National Committee on Education, Science and Sports Committee Deputy Jiang Xiaoyu, director to the China Youth Daily reporter revealed that on the one hand our children's physical decline in the other hand, obesity rates have been consistently high Jinshi Lv. Student obesity rate in 2005 than in 2000 detected an increase of nearly 50 percent, urban male students 1 / 4 for Pan Duner. Students Jinshi Lv 31% of primary school students in 2005, middle school students and 58%, 76% high school students, college students of 83%.

"Right now the health of people, especially the young people the quality of a downward trend, there is no cause at all levels of government leaders attach great importance and social concern. This is very worrying." Jiang Xiaoyu, called for the whole society should advocate the green and healthy living way, encouraging students to actively participate in outdoor physical activity, to the playground up to nature to go.

Jiang Xiaoyu, vice president also cited the students and Japanese students in China the gap between physical fitness: In 2000, the students height, weight and age than students in Japan, in addition to high school 17-year-old girl in China than in Japan, the rest were lower than in Japan. 2005, also only 14 years old, 17-year-old female height is higher than in Japan and the rest were lower than Japanese students. Comparing the two large, middle and primary school students and 50 meters grip strength results, our students are lower than the Japanese students.

Jiang Xiaoyu said the reasons for this state of affairs are many, in which Chinese students are a major factor in sports. According to statistics, Japanese students time for physical exercise than the general Chinese students, exercise 2 hours a day are 21.3% of Japanese students, Chinese students, only 6.3%; exercise three hours a day of Japanese students 21.3%, while China students only 1.3%. Japan Youth Research Institute in 2000 to the beginning of the Sino-Japanese and American high school students in extracurricular sports activities questionnaire survey of junior high school students to participate in extracurricular sports activities, China 8%, Japan 65.4%, U.S. 62.8%; high school students in China was 10.5%, Japan 34.5%, U.S. 53.3%. United States 5 ~ 12 students in extra-curricular sports activities per week average of 12.6 hours per week average of 2.35 hours physical education, students mainly rely on extra-curricular sports activities. Chinese students was well short of this level.

Jiang Xiaoyu, vice president pointed out: all the people, especially children's health problems has attracted wide attention from countries around the world. Convened in 2006 the Eleventh General Assembly of mass sports (there are 106 countries, representatives 1011) pointed out that childhood obesity is a global issue and every six individuals had a population is overweight. 60% of the world's people who exercise not enough to guarantee their health.

2008 held in the Twelfth General Assembly also called for mass sports in the world: "the world's governments take urgent action to address dwindling physical activity, as well as the increasing rates of obesity and other global issues."

Foreign nationals of some developed countries, especially among young people starting to focus on the physical health problems. The U.S. government in 1980 the problem of declining physical targeting young people specifically to make the report of the "national goal: to improve health and prevent diseases," and proposed a 10-year development targets, namely, in 1990 the country should have more than 60% youth (10 ~ 17 years old) to participate in daily school physical education lessons or extra-curricular sports organizations. Due to the long insisted that a consistent, at present the proportion reached 80%. Youth sports as a modern way of life, has infiltrated the daily lives of American families, and successfully changed the way people the values of our young people, so that young people have healthy bodies and self-determination of the character.

France is the father of the modern Olympic hometown of Pierre de Coubertin, Pierre de Coubertin in 1919 put forward the "all sports for the public," slogan. In 1984, France enacted "Sports Law" which states that "physical activity is the coordinated development of the body of every citizen to maintain and enhance the physical health, the fundamental factors, but also education, culture and social life of the basic elements." Attaches great importance to physical education from primary school to university and primary schools have one-third of the time for physical education a week, 8 to 9 hours of sports, high school students a week for 5 hours.

Sweden is the best in the world to carry out mass sports in the world. In 1993 statistics, there are 27292 sports clubs, in the 7 to 20 year-old students in more than 60% are 1 to 2 club members. Government encouragement of physical fitness activities for young people is unique, with that young people participate in sports activities as long as five up to one hour, 17 crowns per person supplement.

In Japan, school sports have become a complete system. According to the Ministry of Education statistics of the last century the late 80s, Japan has 218.6 thousand sports facilities. The prevailing population, averaging 500 people a stadium for every 2,680 people have an indoor stadium.

Sports in China from a big country into a sports power, not only a brilliant sports, and more importantly the vigorous development of mass sports as a foundation. To protect the health of all people especially young people, is related to the state and the nation enduring strategic issues, is the lasting vitality of the Chinese nation, "strengthening the country and kinds of" long-term goal.

Our national health and physical decline in the younger generation, there is no the same as the global financial crisis, caused by a high degree of attention and widespread concern. The problem of declining physical fitness when young people, "bottom"? When will "stand warm pick-up"? Must be noted that to enhance the quality of national health is not a year or two can yield results. This is the sustained efforts of several generations strategic task. A strategic vision of the nation and the government, without exception, always pay attention to their own nation and the people's physical health problems.

Jiang Xiaoyu, vice president, said this year's two sessions he had done "to improve the quality of the whole nation's health as a national strategy approach" proposal. In the proposal, he recommended that:

A view to improving the quality of the nation's health as a national strategic approach to fixed. Over the years, we have been mentioned, "improving the nation's ideological and moral qualities, scientific and cultural quality," should now be added "and the quality of physical health," three qualities side by side.

Second, give full play to the baton of the role of the college entrance examination. Starting next year, at the national entrance examination in the sports uniform, choose the speed, strength, endurance three, counting the college entrance examination score, merit-based admissions.

Third, being prepared throughout the year, "Shier Wu" plan, according to the State Council promulgated last October 1 implementation of the "National Fitness Ordinance," Article 2 stipulates that the State Council is requested to send the relevant departments throughout the inspection team, "Local people's governments above the county level should be part of the fitness industry-level economic and social development plan and a plan for the construction of public sports facilities, increase in the rural areas and urban communities such as public sports facilities, the construction of grass-roots input "is implemented.

4, asking the Ministry to send inspection teams this year, groups of schools throughout the implementation of the "fitness regulations", "schools should ensure that students attend school every day during 1 hour of physical activity" for supervision, ensure its implementation.

5, the central and local news media to set up columns, thematic, published and so on, increase the coverage of nationwide fitness activities, and vigorously promote science and fitness, to improve the quality of the health of the whole nation.
 

Core Tip: Chinese warship docked this weekend in Abu Dhabi. This is the People's Liberation Army's first entry into the oil-rich Persian Gulf - the United States a strategic stronghold. This historic voyage by paying close attention to foreign naval analysts, who have been watching China's growing navy in the Indian Ocean exists. People's Liberation Army and friendly port of the network needs to support its long-term deployment of blue water.

Said deputy commander of the UAE Navy (left) visited the Chinese warships and missile delivery systems.

"Ma On Shan" missile frigate left the United Arab Emirates, Zayed port in Abu Dhabi.

Global Times March 30 reported that Hong Kong's "South China Morning Post," March 27 article, the original title: People's Liberation Army Navy ships into the Gulf for the first time. Chinese warships docked this weekend in Abu Dhabi. This is the People's Liberation Army's first entry into the oil-rich Persian Gulf - the United States a strategic stronghold.

Two ships, "Ma On Shan" frigate and the "Thousand Island Lake" was supply ship this week, through the Strait of Hormuz into the UAE capital. At the end of the 3-month anti-piracy patrols in the Horn of Africa was conducted after the historic voyage by paying close attention to foreign naval analysts, who have been watching China's growing naval presence the Indian Ocean. People's Liberation Army and friendly port of the network needs to support its long-term deployment of blue water. With the growth in demand, all the Chinese people to visit the new ports have been placed on regional power to examine under.

National Institute of Strategic Studies in London researcher Greg • Lee said the visit enormously significant, "This is related to broader strategic objectives are fully in line --- the use of anti-piracy operations quietly constructing a new strategic partnership," he said, "We will see a gradual but steady contact, began trading in order to establish a regional network to end the friendship. If you want to achieve the blue water ambition, they will certainly need this network."

The trip to Abu Dhabi with the characteristics of a formal military diplomacy, the Chinese navy deputy commander of ships by the United Arab Emirates Saeed welcomed, he added that the visit has a "great historical significance." Gulf states Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman, is currently China's largest crude oil supplier, in addition, Beijing is the oil purchase agreement negotiations with the United Arab Emirates.

The visit comes as China is trying to expand its anti-piracy operations --- in part through the pursuit of leadership in international cooperation work, and to help Europe combined fleet escort UN food aid to the fleet arrived in volatile Somalia. These efforts are witnessing the People's Liberation Army more ships into the port, including the Gulf of Aden port of Djibouti and Aden. The United Nations escort team will also see that China ships to enter Mombasa, Kenya, as well as some potentially dangerous Somali ports.

Routine re-supply logistics have been regarded as China's deployment of warships began in January of last year --- --- the greatest test, which is centuries away from the national waters for the first time the Chinese army into a potential combat zones.

In addition to being visited the port, China's state-owned ship has been used for the Task Force to provide the oil, water and food. People's Liberation Army leaders recently have been in heated discussions, the state-owned companies to help overseas military importance.

"In these long-term deployment, the basis of the importance of logistics can not be underestimated," Defense and Strategic Studies in Singapore's maritime security scholar Sam • Baltim said, "even though they may be to build the network. But I think in the long term if they want to be able to operate completely independent in order to meet the full range of military targets, China will take many years. "

Core Tip: According to Taiwan's "United Evening News," news, Taiwan's Kuomintang "legislator," Ting Shou-chung in the Legislative Yuan Foreign Affairs and "national defense" The Commission questions whether Taiwan's military to develop medium-range surface to surface missiles on June 9 between Pingtung Peng Base test. It is learned that this type of surface-medium-range missiles will reach 1,200 km range.

Taiwan's current Hsiung Feng-2E missile, said the missile with a range of 800 kilometers.

Taiwan's Hsiung Feng 2E missile coverage diagram continent, obviously this type of ground-ground missile will strengthen the ability of Taiwan against the mainland.

Global Times reported March 30, according to Taiwan's "United Evening News," news, Taiwan's Kuomintang "legislator," Ting Shou-chung in the Legislative Yuan Foreign Affairs and "national defense" The Commission questions whether Taiwan's military to develop medium-range surface to surface missiles and in June between the test-fired nine-peng base in Pingtung, Taiwan, "Deputy Defense Minister," said Andrew Yang, rumor and purpose of his visit to the U.S. is not true. As for the military will develop the ground-truth, Andrew Yang ambiguous to say that the results move in this direction is right.

Ting Shou-chung pointed out that the rumor that Taiwan's military development of a range of 1,200 km of the ground-ground medium-range missiles and cruise missiles with a range of 800 kilometers, Taiwan is to develop medium-range surface to surface missiles, a move has already attracted international interest in Taiwan's violation of "ballistic missile proliferation agreements "questioned.

Yang Nien-tsu said that rumor to say is very dramatic, not the fact that the purpose of travel, as well as visit the United States are fabricated, the content can not be discussed, but the result is right. Yang Nien-tsu believed that Taiwan's "national defense" development principle is "the search for peace through strength."

When the Ting Shou-chung asked that the international community will believe that Taiwan's regulations violate the proliferation of missiles as well as pressure on Taiwan, Andrew Yang, said that the pressure has always existed, depending on national defense and diplomatic skills to be decided by the development of pipelines, the Defense Department will make every effort to conduct, to achieve effective deterrence purposes.

On the other hand, the Air Force, "Chief of Staff," replies the KMT Gexi Bear "legislators" Zhou Shou-Xun question the delay in the military procurement F16C / D fighter planes led to the cross-strait air force imbalance, Ge Xi Xiong said, Taiwan's "Defense Ministry" in the United States purchased F16C / D fighters before the relevant plans now have been able to upgrade IDF fighters, F16A / B type of fighter performance, is also ready to negotiate with the French "Mirage" aircraft, missile performance, these three can be reached, the temporary cross-strait air force can be The timing delay imbalance occurs.
 

Core Tip: New Delhi, India's defense research and analysis by the researcher Laxman Kumar Behera has recently published an article comparing China and India's defense plan and pointed out that as China's national defense program is more purposeful than India, China's military to foster greater intensity, so the development of India's military is far behind China.

Data Chart: Indian Air Force is currently a large number of the main imports from Russia or the licensed production of Su-30MKI.

Data Figure: China's 90 years since the last century, since the Department has also purchased a number of Soviet fighter planes, and later on the basis of its self-developed J-11 Series. The photo shows plants in the F-11B fighter.

Global Times - World Wide Web March 30 reported that the world's political commentary Web site March 26, published an analysis of New Delhi, India's Defense Research associate Laxman Kumar Behera articles. Article comparing China and India's defense plan and pointed out that as China's national defense program is more purposeful than India, China's military to foster greater intensity, so the development of India's military is far behind China.

Sino-Indian military's use of different purposes

Recently, China and India, respectively, will increase the 2010 fiscal year defense budget. According to official figures, China's defense budget was increased to 78 billion U.S. dollars, compared with 7.5% last year, but speculation that the actual cost of China's military power may be more than this figure. India's defense budget increased to 32 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of less than 4%.

In addition to the difference between budget figures and growth rates, China and India means to achieve their military objectives are also in stark contrast. China's military is the military power in order to achieve long-term goals, while India only to the allocation of resources, lack of long-term consideration. The results reflected in the two military forces - China learned a lot.

A lack of consistency in India's military spending

The article said that over the past 20 years, China's official defense budget has been announced double-digit growth. Effectively support this growth in Beijing to enhance overall national strength (reflected by its soft power and hard power) and strategic needs. The biennial Beijing released under the "National Defense White Paper," from 1988 to 1997, China's military spending an average annual growth rate of 14.5%. Allocation of funds during this period is to "make up for the early years of national defense between the legacy of underdevelopment status", and then by means of robust economic development, China in the next 10 years, that is, from 1997 to 2007 period, The annual growth rate of military spending increased to 15.9%. From 2008 to 2009, the growth rate of China's military spending or even close to 18%. After 1997, military spending, mostly for the master network-centric technology, access to modern precision-guided weapons, and military hegemony in this country from the United States in the first Gulf War, the actual operation learning experience.

The article added that China's military investment has been and the PLA reform "hand in hand" with the same time, China's domestic military-industrial complex has become increasingly complex, and the PLA attaches great importance to research and development. China has no reason to monetary reasons, hinder the process of modernization and reform momentum. When the global financial crisis, when the volume to the Chinese military-industrial complex, Beijing, respond quickly to come up with 60 billion U.S. dollars to stimulate the economy.

Decades of efforts, China has brought a "huge dividends" - the rapid growth of China's military strength, has been able to touch the outside of the scope of its neighbors. All this as the United States Department of Defense in 2009 issued the "China military power report" said, years of investment and reform for the Chinese People's Liberation Army "has the ability reach beyond the Asia-Pacific region, this change is changing the regional balance." The configuration of advanced weapons, such as local research and development production of nuclear-powered submarines, guided missile hit satellite technology and anti-ballistic missile successfully tested the ability, which are described Beijing's efforts in this regard.

In contrast, India's military spending over the past 20 years, while the lack of consistency. Some years, India's defense budget grew by 34%, while a number of years, then as low as 0.5%. Failed to show a linear increase in military expenditure, indicating deficiencies in the planning process. The Chinese government biennial defense white paper, outlines the national security objectives, while India is no such attempt. The absence of such an attempt, the Indian army only in accordance with their own "wish list", writing the short, medium and long-term planning document. However, because these files are not sufficiently rigorous, or a lack of internal competition mechanism, or unable to self-sufficiency and national security goals together, it is often sparked controversy. In addition, the production of the annual defense budget is not determined by the long-term military needs in this country, but by the number of available resources, competition between departments and more relaxed financial environment decision.

Vary greatly in Indian Industry Management

The lack of long-term vision to develop a strategy, a phenomenon in India's slow growth in the military-industrial complex can be seen everywhere. Military-industrial complex of India and the world in any country, are valuable hard power. India has long ago declared the year 2005 will achieve 70% of the national production of military products. However, until today, India is 30% to 35% of this level, struggling. A result, India has had a year to spend 5 billion to 6 billion U.S. dollars to buy foreign military products, This is exactly what those who play into the hands of foreign suppliers.

In fact, whether it is China or India, are all state-owned enterprises control the military, but the problem came again. Beijing through competition, evaluation, supervision and motivation the "four mechanisms" to promote the reform of infrastructure, so as to domestic military-industrial complex into a lot of competitiveness; while India has been subsidizing the incompetence of the public areas of production and R & D companies, while the various kinds of reform measures proposed by members of neither can be put into words, but also failed to carry out the spirit. To take part in military production of some private contractors in the "secrecy and protectionism" pretenses, suffering from discrimination.

When today's Chinese driving its own fighter plane flying in the blue sky when New Delhi was busy flight six non-Indian domestic manufactured aircraft, desperately want to narrow the gap between the military and the northern neighbor distance. With the rapid development of China's military power, New Delhi, if you do not focus on action, it will be even more desperate.

Core Tip: U.S. Pacific Commander Robert Willard 25 in testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives, saying that the transformation of China's armed forces, the Asia-Pacific region is affecting the military balance. Willard in his testimony, it is also the first public disclosure of Chinese anti-ship ballistic missile is being tested. Willard also believe that China's second-hand aircraft will be put into use around 2012, may be used for training.

Recent Online circulating carrier Varyag exit again, dry dock photos.

Network, the latest images show the aircraft carrier Varyag repair although not yet finished but has already begun warship degaussing.

Global Times - World Wide Web March 29, Robert Willard, commander of U.S. Pacific reported 25 in testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives Armed Services Committee, said the Asia-Pacific region is of great significance for the United States, the potential of the region's economic development and to make is fast becoming a global strategic axis. Nevertheless, China's rapid and comprehensive transformation of the armed forces is affecting the regional military balance, and even areas outside the Asia-Pacific region will have an impact. Moreover, the Willard in his speech, but also for the first time publicly revealed that China is developing and testing a new anti-ship ballistic missiles.

Willard said, referring to the Asia-Pacific region, without mentioning China. Beijing's national strategy is still focused on economic development, which emphasizes the maintenance for continued economic development of the domestic stability and international security environment. Then the economic development funds for the modernization of the PLA. However, because the intention of People's Liberation Army and the lack of transparency in Asian countries has aroused the concern of the Asia-Pacific region, which is exactly what the concern of the United States.

Willard pointed out that China can support the pursuit of national development objectives of peace and stability in the environment, but their constant growth and expansion, aimed at challenging the United States in the Asia-Pacific region freedom of movement, abuse or oppression of their neighbors (including the United States, its allies and partners ) without the coordination of military strength. China's declaration and its military power in order to bridge the gap between the obvious, we need to conduct frank and open dialogue with the Chinese armed forces. However, this dialogue needs to be Sino-US military establishment is currently not yet established a stable relationship between the two.

China Varyag aircraft carrier in 2012 in training to use

At present, China is rapidly conduct a comprehensive military modernization. In the past decade, its military spending has been double-digit growth. Beijing openly declared that China's military modernization was "purely defensive in nature," only used to protect China's security and interests. In the past few years, China's military development has entered a new phase, begun to elaborate beyond the People's Liberation Army's role and function of China's territory, but the international community do not understand the People's Liberation Army has always been the continuous development of military doctrine and capability goals.

Willard said the People's Liberation Army more and more emphasis on attracting and retaining professional officers and men to develop such advanced training and education, and housing and jobs concessions incentives in order to create a more positive well-trained professional army. Besides, China also continued to develop support for the Western Pacific and regional anti-access weapons system blockade strategy, technology and operational theory, force a country to air and naval forces away from the Chinese mainland coast.

At present, the PLA Navy to continue to develop away from the mainland coastline, including the waters surface ships and submarines, combat operations, "blue water" capability. Its modernization projects include the development of sophisticated ship-borne air defense systems, as well as sea-skimming supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles. Moreover, the PLA is also pursuing an aircraft carrier capability. In 1998, China has purchased a former Soviet Union, "Kuznetsov" class aircraft carriers, and in 2002 began renovating in Dalian shipyard. Willard that the carrier will be put into use around 2012, may be used for basic aircraft skills training.

China maintains more than 60 conventional submarines, is the world's largest conventional submarine force, but also to continue to install new conventional submarines out. Although China's submarine fleet performance, both good and bad, but the number of modern quiet submarines is increasing. China's submarine force also includes a large number of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines. China is also developing a new submarine-launched nuclear ballistic missiles -2 waves may reach the American West.

Moreover, China is also expanding the number of sophisticated multi-purpose aircraft, including the purchase from Russia -27 fighters and Su-Su -30 fighter, as well as domestic fourth-generation fighters. People's Liberation Army Air Force and naval air forces also enhance its pilots and flight controllers would like to set the operation in a variety of combat capability, including fighting on the water. People's Liberation Army in the establishment of an integrated air defense capabilities are investing a huge effort is being deployed opposite Taiwan, an increasing number of upgraded SA-20PMU2-air missile system remotely. China is still in the DF-21/CSS-5 on the basis of medium-range ballistic missile developed and tested a special deal with the carrier's regular anti-ship ballistic missiles.

Not long ago, "joint branch" For the People's Liberation Army, or in terms of the different branches in different locations to take individual action for the same objective meaning. However, recently, through the United States military action and the modern campaign observation, People's Liberation Army People's Liberation Army leadership does not believe the need for better integration among the services, which include strengthening the tactical-level joint action. People's Liberation Army has developed "integrated joint operations" concept, and as the Chinese military to conduct a campaign-level joint operations goals. In addition, the PLA has further emphasized the demanding environment training, such as a complex electromagnetic environment.

People's Liberation Army increased patrols in the South China Sea region, the intensity

All along, China has maintained a one to cover most of the countries around the world (including the continental United States) of nuclear forces. Moreover, with the increasing sophistication of the road motor transport systems, and 094-type ballistic missile submarine ( "Jin"-class ballistic missile submarine) in development, the PLA's this ability has been enhanced. Despite China's opposition space "weaponization," but China's current project is conducting a multi-dimensional in order to prevent potential adversaries the use of space, and this point has been in January 2007 has been confirmed - at that time, China's use of helicopter-style anti-satellite weapon the destruction of an obsolete weather satellite in their countries. U.S. troops and government networks and computer systems is still the goal of the invasion the grid, which are the source of the invasion seemed to come from China. Although most of the invasion are concentrated in the leaked data, but this technology could be used for network attacks.

At present, China is conducting "sovereignty" movement. The Beijing government remains committed to reunification with Taiwan, but does not rule out the possibility of the use of force. The Chinese Government with the help of the PLA's military development to achieve sustained change in the cross-strait military balance. The "Taiwan Relations Act," pointed out that U.S. policy is "to provide Taiwan with defensive weapons against the United States to keep the people of Taiwan will jeopardize the security or social and economic system of any resort to force or other coercive forms of capacity."

Willard said that in the U.S. Pacific Command, we have every day to fulfill these basic obligations. But under the demand for natural resources and the consolidation of the sovereignty of their own line of declaration, China once again claimed the majority of the South China Sea waters (including the Spratly Islands and Paracel Islands) and sovereignty, and to consolidate their position in the region. People's Liberation Army Navy patrols have been increased efforts in the region, and more and more daring on the high seas and in the island chain, part of the controversial confrontation with other countries. In addition, China has also claimed by Japan and the management of the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands, and China and India, there are border disputes.

U.S. Pacific Command hoped to strengthen exchanges with China

U.S. Pacific Command is committed to the development of reliable and stable Sino-US military relations, which to avoid misunderstanding and miscalculation of the final establishment of the two countries eager to establish partnerships in terms of particular importance. Despite China's response to U.S. arms sales to Taiwan, military exchanges between the two countries decreased, but last year's Sino-US military activities in active and frequent exchange of visits between senior leaders of both parties. In November 2009 visit to Washington, Central Military Commission Vice Chairman Xu agreed with the U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates's view, decided to further promote Sino-US military relations.

U.S. Pacific Command is looking forward to the adoption of practical ways and to cooperate with China to strengthen bilateral military ties and improve bilateral security interests. These measures include high-level visits, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief exercise, the exchange of observers, as well as exchanges of military medicine. People's Liberation Army has also expressed its willingness to lead in such areas as counter-terrorism, anti-piracy, maritime security and nuclear non-proliferation and other areas, strengthen Sino-US cooperation.

Last summer, as the Sino-US maritime matters in security consultation mechanism (MMCA) the implementation agency, the U.S. Pacific Command, to promote bilateral dialogue in Beijing on MMCA. MMCA Forum was originally established in 1998, intended to improve both the pilots and seamen in close proximity to each other's waters safety. December 2009 defense policy dialogue was held in Honolulu, when the two sides agreed to MMCA as a viable diplomatic mechanisms, practices maritime and air security-related matters.

Core Tip: Russian defense exports and "Diamond - Aetna" has recently signed with the Chinese side to receive the transfer of anti-aircraft missile systems S-300PMU2 a legal document. At this point, the Chinese ordered 15 battalions of S-300PMU2 systems, and four sets of 83M6E2 command and control systems have been delivered complete. At present, these missiles have begun to undertake in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities task.

The military has disclosed the PLA Jinan Military Area Command of the Russian-made air defense forces S-300PMU2 forces test-fired this year, went to the West

Data Figure: Internet circulated S300PMU2 train when it arrived in China

Global Times - World Wide Web March 29 reported that, according to the Russian Aviation and Hong Kong Web site March 26 reported that the Russian defense exports and "Diamond - Aetna" has recently signed with China on the transfer - to receive S-300PMU2 air defense missile system legal document. At this point, the Chinese ordered 15 battalions of S-300PMU2 systems, and four sets of 83M6E2 the delivery of command and control systems have been completed.

Currently, the advanced air-defense system has begun to undertake in Beijing, Shanghai and some industrial centers of the task. "Diamond - Aetna," general manager Igor • Achou Erbei Li pointed out that the delivery of S-300PMU2 to China in time pressure, the tension of the Russian defense industry system and very little experience.

According to "Diamond - Aetna," company, the Chinese side in 2008 and 2010 acquired by the S-300PMU2 system, two large-scale tests, the Russian side of the products showed a very high reliability and excellent performance .

S-300PMU2 "Beloved" anti-aircraft missiles by the "diamond - Aetna" konzern development and manufacture of air defense systems, mainly for guarding large-scale industrial enterprises, administrative facilities, military bases and command centers, etc., which can effectively intercept short and medium range ballistic missiles, including the within a variety of objectives.

S-300PMU2 missile system consists of command centers, guidance station, monitoring radar, missiles and launchers composition. The above components are installed in the traffic capacity on the strong heavy-duty truck chassis, which can guarantee a high degree of maneuverability missile systems. Each system of war service group 6 people, or commander, launch operators, search operators, intercept operators and two track operators. To protect the S-300PMU2 systems operations, also has loaded missile transport vehicles, repair vehicles. It is reported that the positions not prepared in advance will be S-300PMU2 missile system deployed only five minutes, ready to launch the road in time for 5 minutes.

S-300PMU2 system can automatically direct targets of the attack. This type of enemy missile with the ability to identify simultaneously guided missiles 12 attacks six goals, each of the target can use a missile attack can also be two missiles firing, firing interval is 3 seconds.

S-300PMU2 all-weather combat capability, and weather conditions can be implemented under any complex air defense missions. Its also has a strong anti-interference ability, be able to implement active and passive jamming enemy under conditions of combat. To counter anti-radar missiles, the system is equipped with radar 34R6E protective devices, which can be found in anti-radar missiles, and to the issue of interference signals, inducing its attack a false target.

S-300PMU2 vertical launch missile system uses technology to intercept targets with a full range of capabilities. Their equipment a new type of missile (48N6E), shell length 7.5 m, diameter 0.5 m, a launch weight of 1800 kilograms, compared with S-300PMU1 far 50 km, from 150 km to 200 km, the missile through the gas can quickly turn the rudder required direction, and then within 12 seconds to enable speeds of up to 1900 meters / second, and pursuit of goals along the best track, this time horizontal overload of up to 20g.

The shrapnel of new 48N6E air missile to destroy capacity than S-300PMU1 increased by 1 fold, it is not primarily to destroy ballistic missile body, but its warhead. The system improves the ability to deal with long-range cruise missile, a low-flying cruise missile interception success rate of 80% ~ 86%. Pairs of low-altitude targets, the missile will be like the eagle down from the attack. Anti-tactical, strategic air force plane hit rate is 80% to 93%, anti-low-altitude cruise missiles hit rate is 80% ~ 98%.

Core Tip: Zhaoyun news agency web site (Japanese Defense Agency and the SDF under the "Zhaoyun" newspaper Web site) March 18 news release, March 12 a Chinese air force transport planes delivered -8 modified early warning aircraft from Okinawa the island to the northwest, flying east, the East China Sea, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces mission in Southern mixed F-15 fighter jets were scrambled. This is the first time that China has witnessed and photographed the early warning aircraft transported -8.

This is Japan's first witness called, and pictures of the Chinese transport -8 warning aircraft photos.

Data Figure: Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-15 fighter planes and equipment.

Global Times reported March 29 Zhaoyun news agency web site (Japanese Defense Agency and the SDF under the "Zhaoyun" newspaper Web site) March 18 news release, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force F-15 fighter planes, respectively March 10 Day and March 12 to track the Russian and Chinese military aircraft.

Chaoyun news agency Web site reported that March 10 the Russian Air Force Il -20 type electronic reconnaissance along Hokkaido, Japan, Hainan, the Hokuriku region through to the Sanin region, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, North empty, hollow, West empty F-15 fighter jets scrambled to intercept Russian planes arrive Noto Peninsula, the San-chong and then returned to their own airspace.

The message also said that March 12, a Chinese air force transport planes delivered -8 modified early warning aircraft from the island of Okinawa to the northwest, flying east, the East China Sea, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces mission in Southern mixed F-15 fighter jets were scrambled. This is the first time that China has witnessed and photographed the early warning aircraft transported -8. Compared with previous models, transport -8 warning aircraft machine in the first part of the shape of special different characteristics of the radar equipped with a black cowl.

Sources said two aircraft were not violated Japanese airspace, but the Japanese Self-Defense Forces are now open the empty Commission screen shot from the fighter aircraft photos and track the two countries.
 

Core Tip: According to the new Russian news report, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia's Procuratorate, on the 26th release information, said investigators for the Department of Volga Federal Reserve distinction Department sued former staff member, who alleged in 2007 to 153 rubles (about All 35.4 yuan) a unit price of the illegal sale of MiG aircraft fuselage.

Data Figure: Russian fighter jets equipped with MiG -31

The movie "Lord of War", the image displayed when the weapons of the former Soviet Union crazy cheap sale. Reports that the price of MiG-31 fighters and then, almost the same price.

Zhongguang Wang March 28 reported that the new network, according to Russian reports, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia's Procuratorate, on the 26th release information, said investigators for the Department of Volga Federal Reserve distinction sue the Department of front-line staff, who alleged in 2007 to 153 rubles (about 35.4 yuan) a unit price of the illegal sale of MiG aircraft fuselage.

Nizhny Novgorod, Russia's investigative committee Investigation Bureau in the summer of 2009 against the illegal sale of fighter jets intercepted four MiG -31 fuselage facts criminal case. The fuselage was sold to a right to arms arms transactions.

And, Nizhny Novgorod, a valuation of the company has seriously underestimated the value of the fuselage. Based on a valuation report, a body in the auction starting price of only 153 in rubles, but also on sale at this price.

The sources added that the actual value of a body of at least 1.16 billion rubles. Thus, this transaction on the amount of damages caused by the country more than 466 million rubles.

Core Tip: It is reported that India's Economic Times on the 25th, the Indian Navy chief Admiral Verma (Nirmal Verma) said that the Indian Navy plans to launch a large-scale aviation procurement programs, including fighter planes and multi-purpose aircraft. As for the expansion of the Chinese navy in the Indian Ocean issue will Verma said that the Indian Navy will attach importance to the PLA Navy, but will not stand against the angle.

Indian Navy warship formation, India has ordered 40 warships and submarines.

Data Figure: Another source said, India is also likely to buy the UK has not yet completed, "Queen Elizabeth" class aircraft carrier.

Indian Navy Chief of Staff indicated that they would understand that China's demand will not be an enemy of the Chinese Navy. The picture shows the Chinese navy to escort the fifth fleet.

Xinhua March 29, according to India's Economic Times reported on the 25th reported that the Indian Navy chief Admiral Verma (Nirmal Verma) said that the Indian Navy plans to launch a large-scale aviation procurement programs, including fighter planes and multi-purpose aircraft.

Admiral Verma said: "We are long-term planning based on the current ability to purchase warships at sea, aircraft and submarines. Navy is currently ordered 40 warships and submarines. He also said that the Indian navy has also launched a large-scale aviation procurement projects, including the MiG - -29K, developed by Boeing P8I maritime patrol aircraft, as well as Kamov (KAMOV) the company developed KA-31 patrol aircraft, as well as the new multi-purpose helicopters.

Verma will be a recent interview, said: "We will fully launch after the Chinese-made strategic submarine force." He said: "By using ongoing efforts to build a data link to link to our platform, will enable the future needs of the real network-centric force. By 2020, we will build a modern, powerful navy, this naval forces will have a large number of domestic platform, and these platforms are ready to respond to change by the high-tech talent manipulation. "

As for the expansion of the Chinese navy in the Indian Ocean issue will Verma said that the Indian Navy will attach importance to the PLA Navy, but will not stand against the angle. He said: "We think the same as India's economy, China's economy has great potential, has a high dependence on energy. Therefore, in order to sustain economic growth, China (like India) on the dependence on foreign sources of energy and raw materials will be continue to grow. but the two main sources of supply, either in the Indian Ocean, or have to pass through the Indian Ocean. Therefore, the attention paid to the PLA Navy, Indian Navy, but will not stand against the point of view. "

As for the expansion of the PLA Navy security implications for India, will Verma said: "We must bear in mind that no country has the right according to their own national interests, with other countries to establish friendly and mutually beneficial relationship." "Our country and maritime capabilities does not threaten any legal relationship between nations, and we are confident. "He also added that the Indian Navy has always been committed to capacity strengthening and capacity building to meet the country's strategic needs and theoretical needs.
 

Core Tip: Zhaoyun news agency web site (Japanese Defense Agency and the SDF under the "Zhaoyun" newspaper Web site) March 18 news release, March 12 a Chinese air force transport planes delivered -8 modified early warning aircraft from Okinawa the island to the northwest, flying east, the East China Sea, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces mission in Southern mixed F-15 fighter jets were scrambled. This is the first time that China has witnessed and photographed the early warning aircraft transported -8.

This is Japan's first witness called, and pictures of the Chinese transport -8 warning aircraft photos.

Data Figure: Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-15 fighter planes and equipment.

Global Times reported March 29 Zhaoyun news agency web site (Japanese Defense Agency and the SDF under the "Zhaoyun" newspaper Web site) March 18 news release, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Force F-15 fighter planes, respectively March 10 Day and March 12 to track the Russian and Chinese military aircraft.

Chaoyun news agency Web site reported that March 10 the Russian Air Force Il -20 type electronic reconnaissance along Hokkaido, Japan, Hainan, the Hokuriku region through to the Sanin region, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, North empty, hollow, West empty F-15 fighter jets scrambled to intercept Russian planes arrive Noto Peninsula, the San-chong and then returned to their own airspace.

The message also said that March 12, a Chinese air force transport planes delivered -8 modified early warning aircraft from the island of Okinawa to the northwest, flying east, the East China Sea, the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces mission in Southern mixed F-15 fighter jets were scrambled. This is the first time that China has witnessed and photographed the early warning aircraft transported -8. Compared with previous models, transport -8 warning aircraft machine in the first part of the shape of special different characteristics of the radar equipped with a black cowl.

Sources said two aircraft were not violated Japanese airspace, but the Japanese Self-Defense Forces are now open the empty Commission screen shot from the fighter aircraft photos and track the two countries.
 

Core Tip: According to Pakistani media March 25 news, Pakistan Navy is currently in negotiations with China and France, from China to buy seven of the most advanced conventional submarines, also purchased from Germany to buy three U-214 are also consultations . It is learned that China is the price of each submarine, 2.3 billion dollars. According to the analysis, Pakistan this procurement action is to counter the increasing expansion of the Indian Navy.

The Chinese navy new Yuan-class diesel-electric attack submarine

Chinese Navy Song-class submarine

Global Times, March 28, according to Pakistani media reported that March 25 news, Pakistan Navy is currently in negotiations with China and France, from China to buy seven of the most advanced conventional submarines, also purchased from Germany to buy three U - 214 are also negotiations.

It is learned that China is the price of each submarine, 2.3 billion dollars. Senior Pakistani Navy representatives will be April 27 visit to France. Reliable sources, the Pakistan Navy, but also may use other programs instead of German submarines, it is learned that Pakistan has with the German submarine procurement program for as long as three years of consultations.

It is reported that Pakistan is China's "meta-level" and "Song-class" and France's Marlin-class diesel electric submarines of particular interest. It is learned that this procurement action is to counter the increasing expansion of the Indian Navy.
 

Core Tip: Recently, India's military arsenal frequent upgrades, missiles, upgrading has become an important task of the Indian army.It is reported that the Indian armed forces will be listed more than 500 installed BrahMos missiles and intends to export to Southeast Asian multi-country, neighboring countries in order to form a "half-moon encirclement."

August 20, 2008, BrahMos anti-ship missile in the Moscow International Salon of military equipment on display.

Brahmos missile vertical launching sea.

March 28 The Beijing News reported recently upgraded India's frequent military arsenal, missiles, upgrading has become an important task of the Indian army.27, the Indian military successfully test-fired two nuclear-capable short-range missiles domestically; 21, India successfully carried out the first time, a new cruise missile "Brahmos" vertical test is more cause for concern.It is reported that the Indian armed forces will be listed more than 500 installed BrahMos missiles and intends to export to Southeast Asian multi-country, neighboring countries in order to form a "half-moon encirclement."

Successfully test-fired "Earth" series of missiles

27 morning, the Indian military successfully test-fired two short-range ballistic missiles, of which one is "Earth -2" type surface to surface missiles, and the other one is "Earth" Navy-type (also known as "bow" type missiles).

According to Indian media reports, the military that day in the Orissa capital bubaneshwar about 230 kilometers northeast of money Dipu Er successfully test-fired a missile launch site, "The Good Earth -2" type surface to surface missiles, in the OrieSaban coastal warship test-fired a "bow" type missiles, warships involved in the launch activities.Qian Di Puer head of the missile launch site, Dash told the media that the two tests were successful.Test is successful, the military through the radar, optical sensors and other monitoring of the operation out of the missile trajectory.India's Defense Research and Development Organization in India's east coast "integrated test field" observations of two launches.

It is reported that "the earth"-type short-range missile airframes about 9 meters, and can carry conventional warheads or nuclear warheads, is India's first indigenously developed ballistic missile."Bow" type missile "Prithvi" missile variant of the naval type, maximum range of 350 km.

"Also a first in the world"

In addition to test-fire "Earth" series of missiles, India is also on the 21 in the world's first successful vertical launch BrahMos missiles from the sea.After the successful launch of the Indian press excitedly reported that "another first in the world and is part of India."

Indian President Pratibha Patil and Defense Minister AK Antony is to support research of the Defense Research and Development Organization congratulations.It is reported that the Indian armed forces will be listed more than 500 Brahmos missiles installed in order to neighboring countries to form "asymmetric technological advantages."

BrahMos Aerospace, Dr Pillay Siwasanu director, said the Indian Navy's Eastern Fleet destroyers "Rainville", No. 21, re-installed in the vertical silos play a Brahmos missile, the first climb to the ballistic missilethe highest point, and then for high-speed diving attacks, during the last flight to open radar seeker ultimately anchored in the Bay of Bengal hit the depths of the retired escort "Mayen" was.Missile directly from the hull near the waterline at drilling, and then explode inside the ship.

Dr Pillay said excitedly, after 21 days after the test, India became the world's first and only one "owns multi-platform mobile launch supersonic cruise missiles country."

To meet the needs of naval equipment

According to Indian media reports, 21-day marks the BrahMos missile test-firing of the family have been able to meet the needs of naval equipment, especially in the vertical shaft in the launch from the carrier."To know that with the vertical launchers, 360 vessels will be able to attack any target within range, rather than the traditional tilt launchers, as ships must adjust the driving point of view in order to shoot."Pillay stressed that the huge shape of the BrahMos cruise missile would be loaded into the sealed vertical launch box, not only to improve the reliability of the missile itself is good, but also saves interior space ships, and ships stealth useful.

It is reported that the Indian Navy has already spent 7.11 billion rupees (154 million U.S. dollars) has ordered 49 sets of Brahmos missile launchers tilt, the installation that some Rajput super destroyers in order to enhance the combat power of these old warships.As for the Brahmos missile vertical launch system, the Indian Navy intends to deploy a number of large ships on to the next.At present, India is a cost of 116.62 billion rupees in Mumbai, Calcutta, the construction of three-class destroyers, each ship, the planned deployment of 16 can be vertically launched Brahmos missile.(Mt Love)

Prospects

Target missile exports in Southeast Asia and India

For sale 2000 Brahmos missile is expected to reach 1 billion annual sales

India has always been regarded as a major arms-importing countries, but the debut Brahmos missile, India has been eyeing the fast-growing international cruise market, which becomes a major exporter of arms.

Dr. Pillay said in a media interview, 2017 years ago, India and Russia will try to sell 2000 Brahmos missile, estimated annual sales of 1 billion U.S. dollars, so that Brahmos companies to become Asia's largest missile manufacturer.At present, India is planning to increase its missile production is located in the city of Hyderabad-based capacity.

At present, India struggling to open a "friendly country" markets, especially in Southeast Asia, is located in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand, including to Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam will focus on selling air-launched Brahmos missile, for ThailandZeyi sell land-based and sea-based BrahMos missile-based.Dr. Pillai with special emphasis on Malaysian Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi visited Brahmos company, Ma Su-30MKM active duty Air Force fighter aircraft also have the potential to carry Brahmos missile, the BrahMos missile in Malaysia's prospects for success areGreat.As for Thailand, Pillay said that the Thai Navy intends to replace the old missiles, BrahMos missile's technical superiority is obvious.

Once the Brahmos missile successfully into the markets of these countries, coupled with India's own missile, Brahmos missiles will form a "crescent" encirclement.According to analysis, Vietnam, Malaysia and other countries are stepping up military forces in the Nansha sea area, speed up the deployment of a number of advanced missiles, BrahMos supersonic cruise missile penetration of available capacity is they want a "trump card."(Mt Love)

 Performance

Brahmos power of super-Tomahawk

Fired within 2 minutes to complete, can implement "surgical attack"

Brahmos Missile (BrahMos) in Russia in 1995 and invited India to invest to develop a supersonic missile, and even its name is also from India Brahmaputra River (Brahmaputra River) and Moscow River (Moscow River) derivedcome, is intended to reflect the intimate relationship between Russia and India.

Brahmos missile looks like a slender "flying pencil", the speed of up to 2.8 Mach, and can vertical launch.Dr. Pillay claimed that Brahmos missiles can be fired within 2 minutes, while the Indian Army active-duty land of short-range ballistic missiles will need 20 minutes or even longer to launch, "If the BrahMos missile fired from the Indian-controlled Kashmir, you can in 30 seconds the fight against Pakistan-controlled terrorist training camps in Kashmir, the power even more than the U.S. Tomahawk missile. "It is reported that India is now equipped and in the research of the Brahmos missile family includes sea-, land-based and air-based supersonic cruise missiles.Army deployed Brahmos Block-2 missile has been designed as a "precision strike weapons," and can hit the 500-800 km in the urban environment outside the clutter of small targets.If necessary, the Indian armed forces be able to use the missile defense of the Palestinian side of the tight targets "surgical attack."

However, analysts pointed out that the power of BrahMos missile is likely to be exaggerated.This year in January, the Indian Army had more land-based missiles Brahmos missile launch tests, the results of the missile all the tens of kilometers from the target.

In addition, Russia recently said it would not transfer to India ramjet missile, guided first-class manufacturing technology, which means that India can not be independently Brahmos missile production.
 

Core Tip: most of the time, and bomb the work completed by the EOD robot. Robots can not solve the problem is only encountered when the bomb disposal experts will personally play. EOD wearing clothes is a hard physical labor, because the clothes have their own weight of 40 kg. Every 15 minutes later put on, EOD service will increase the temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, so in response to the weather in Iraq, the U.S. military has also installed air-conditioning service 未拆 shells.

Iraqi security forces in the bomb squad removed the IED.

So far, the U.S. military has had at least 64 EOD personnel killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, one of whom is the love of Demeng Luo ethnic Chinese from Hong Kong.

Bomb Bomb, wearing clothes with the help of the robot bomb.

Guangzhou Daily reported March 28 to reflect the war in Iraq fighting the U.S. military in Baghdad, the film "Bomb troops" has become the biggest winner in this year's Oscars. Real Bomb U.S. forces look like? Stripped of U.S. large veil, this time facing life-threatening occupation, the number of little-known story?

As for harsh conditions, and training dates long, so the U.S. military bomb disposal experts are scarce resources. At present the United States only 4000 Bomb disposal experts. Most of the time, and bomb the work completed by the EOD robot. Robots can not solve the problem is only encountered when the bomb disposal experts will personally play.

National army the world has the preparation of a bomb disposal unit, in addition to Bomb U.S. military forces have repeatedly gone through the test of actual combat, the United Kingdom, Israel, Spain and other countries Bomb forces in the military conflict in some low-intensity accumulated experience.

Bomb disposal units out rate as high as 85%

Improvised explosive devices in Iraq and Afghanistan, U.S. forces encountered a devastating weapon. Removal or detonation of explosive devices, bomb disposal experts need to explosives disposal teams. Was awarded the Oscar for Best Picture Award for the "Bomb Unit" as described is such a group.

According to the U.S. military branches of the military division of the U.S. military bomb disposal unit belonging to engineer the establishment of the sequence, commonly known as explosive ordnance disposal teams. Bomb disposal experts pre-service must be more than 1 year of special training, usually 12 months to 16 months between.

Bomb training from the fireworks begin

To be a qualified U.S. military bomb disposal experts, the applicants need to accept numerous challenges. First, the applicant's physical fitness is better, no color blindness disease, but also through mechanical classification test. In the physical test, applicants should be dressed in more than 30 kilograms of heavy protective clothing to complete tasks.

The soldiers then passed the preliminary exam will be sent to the school for further training in bomb disposal. Accordance with the process, these soldiers to go through at least one year of hard training. During their training, they want to learn explosive terminology, Bomb methods, a variety of techniques. Bomb training attrition rate as high as 85%, only a few people through a final examination.

According to the U.S. military engineering training tutorials, just entered the bomb disposal team recruits who will first have failed repeatedly to study some of the explosive devices. After which they will gradually into contact with some smaller explosive devices, such as firecrackers.

In this case, even the failure of demolition bombs, and bomb experts would not be much harm. Only when technology is mature, they will start training for demolition detonators and other explosives.

In addition, the training curriculum for mental training is a vital part. With a retired U.S. military bomb disposal experts as saying, "We must have the ability to make decisions under pressure."

The U.S. military EOD forces gradually started to increase the pace of development, has invested billions of dollars in funds for training in the bomb squad, bomb disposal robots to purchase.

Under normal circumstances, each of the U.S. military bomb squad members need to have seven individuals in the implementation of EOD tasks they have different division of labor. In recent years, the U.S. military of troops, but tight, very often, and bomb squad members in the implementation of tasks, usually only three act together. An experienced bomb disposal experts when the captain and two soldiers as the support staff.

Take out "buffalo"

In Iraq and Afghanistan, the U.S. military bomb disposal unit has three main tasks: first, the safety protection of VIPs, and the second is the removal of improvised explosive devices have been found, the third is the scene of the explosion after the explosion to the investigation, to find clues and so on.

Bomb disposal unit is a heavy armored vehicles used by the mine-protected vehicles, these vehicles usually have some strange names, such as "buffalo", "Puma" or "Husky." They stood on board all the necessary equipment: EOD robots, explosives disposal services and water and food.

EOD is very rude

Firing rockets forward channel open

U.S. sea and air forces will have their own Bomb troops and police in general can be divided into two lines.

"Bomb disposal units" in the main character in the city to work more like the police and bomb squad. Bomb disposal field units means much more brutal than the police, ground forces attacked the enemy has already mined the road that modern engineering is not one of them went to demolition. Common practice is to use the mine rocket, launching a cable row with a burst of rockets leap over the minefield and then detonated the blasting cord. By violent explosions, can be cleared a channel to.

Bomb fuse almost all modern electronic. If only the electronic detonation is of course not, the demolition or destruction of the power wire fuse can be so disabling. But the people who will carry out bomb-making technical improvements to increase the tamper feature. Therefore, in terms of bomb disposal experts to find out exactly what all of the bombs is unlikely.

Of course, this does not mean that demolition can not bomb, and now the more common approach in two ways. One is to use liquid nitrogen or dry ice blasting fuses a part of something like that to make it quick cooling, and in the near absolute zero degrees Celsius, the majority of electronic components will fail, so that you can ignore the anti-fuse demolition capabilities.

Another idea is to contrast with the thousands of degrees Celsius temperature flame rifle-shooting fuse will fuse in less than a 1 / 10 seconds to melt completely, this approach is common in the United Nations peacekeeping force demining experts. Relative to the poor storage of portable dry ice, the manufacture of high-temperature flame is clearly easier.

A very dangerous task

At least 64 people were killed by a bomb

At present there are about 4,000 U.S. military bomb disposal experts. U.S. military data show that the battlefield in Afghanistan and Iraq, about 50% of IE can be improvised explosive device exploded before bomb experts dismantled removed. But the U.S. military bomb disposal technology to enhance the same time, Afghanistan and Iraq and other places of resistance organizations are also evolving.

In just the past one years, the power of roadside bombs in Afghanistan increased significantly. In 2008, about 40% of the Improvised Explosive Device Defeat the weight of more than 25 pounds of explosives. In 2009, increased to 75%, of which a considerable portion of the weight of more than 100 pounds. Bomb technology has become increasingly complex, with multiple trigger devices, and deliberately set the second bomb exploded, the blast site specifically for the investigation of the bomb disposal experts.

Last week, a Taliban commander said in an interview admitted that they had received bomb training in one of the major content is to learn how to use the secondary explosive devices, the purpose of the hope that the first explosion took place, capable of killing Bomb experts from the scene.

Annual salary up to a few hundred thousand dollars

With the increasing incidence of lethal roadside bombs, and bomb experts in Afghanistan and Iraq have become hot property. Private contractors are willing to spend millions to recruit them, and the annual salary can easily reach several hundred thousand dollars. However, such a huge pressure to dangerous work is not for everyone, and bomb experts every day, braving the danger of losing limbs and lives.

There is no doubt that bomb disposal experts thorn in the side of armed elements and the flesh. Therefore, Bomb disposal experts is also a very dangerous arms. According to statistics, there are at least 64 bomb disposal experts in Iraq and Afghanistan sacrifice. Statistically found that most of the bomb disposal experts were not in the Bomb was directly killed by a bomb, but escorted by a roadside bomb killed en route.

U.S. ex-soldiers about life in Baghdad Bomb

A "cat and mouse" game

Retired Chinese-American soldiers serving in Baghdad Shao-Hua Liu for a long time, the task is to clear the landmines. "The U.S. military responsible for the department to exclude a bomb called the bomb squad, is an upgraded version of demining teams. Excluded roadside bombs interlinked nature of work and clearing mines," a bomb disposal unit "in the plot of the basic truth." Shao-Hua Liu said.

In his view, the Bomb is a cat and mouse game, as the "bomb squad" in Bomb advances in technology, technological advancements in bomb-maker.

How to find shells:

To clean the road to take photos Contrast

LIU Shao-hua said that roadside bombs everywhere refuse to identify the logic is very simple, "Those things should not appear here." U.S. troops patrol routes relatively fixed, to patrol the area has a photo record, for example, a poultry market, usually on the ground are dead animals, if one day suddenly a pile of gravel, it is very suspicious.

U.S. troops patrolling the area in general would ask the merchants timing cleaning up litter and so the road patrol relatively clean, if suddenly a bunch of garbage, would immediately attract attention.

How to bomb:

The first ring-based protection and then be dismantled without dismantling

Encountered in both cases, according to standard procedures, the U.S. is usually the first to establish protective circle, and then bomb disposal experts to enter the venue. If you find explosives, they first detect the type of explosives, then decide whether to dismantle or detonate after the completion of clean-up spot.

Iraq is composed of a tribal society, armed personnel to many tribal elders are very respected, the Government can only help the elders often something happens. "Some local people are usually hard to know when and where attacks will occur, so the resident in the vicinity a good relationship with them is very important." Shao-Hua Liu said.

How to bullet-proof:

Institute of deliberation attackers thought

In addition, we must learn to refine the idea of the attackers, to understand what kind of a place to know a certain period of time to go where they need to avoid. Finally, learn to observe more frequent access to their usual laws of the lot, "If a road usually a lot of people go, suddenly one day only one or two people are waiting and watching, you Do not feel strange?"

Another ethnic Chinese soldiers do not have LIU Shao-hua so lucky. June 2009, serving in Iraq, the son of immigrants from Hong Kong Love De Mengluo dismantling a roadside bomb, because of a bomb blast were killed. 23-year-old's love of his immigrant parents, like De Mengluo as clever and hard work, the famous Rochester Institute of Technology had given him a full scholarship, but he refused.

Animals EOD forces

Mouse mine cat as bodyguards

The researchers found that rats in the mine has a talent beyond compare, especially those living in Mozambique, Africa hamster sense of smell is extremely sensitive and skill than the sniffer dogs is also fast, able to accurately locate mines the position, thus the local government demining project of the "heroic" .

According to reports, a mine detection rats within 30 minutes of at least 100 square meters of minefield detection, mine clearance workers and the mine in the same area where a day time. This "mine-mouse" has the sense of smell is very sensitive although the big heads, but will not detonate mines.

Coincidentally, Colombia, also in 2008 formed the world's first one, "mine detection rats force", the group can sniff out explosives in the laboratory rats receiving high-intensity training in order to detect scattered anti-personnel mines in Colombia. Colombia is the world's most heavily mined countries.

It is interesting that the first batch of mice mine in Colombia troops, including 14 rats and three cats. According to reports, the cat can not mine their own activities, but this group of trained cats, you can protect mice from the other cats mine attacks.

A variety of mine-sweeping "Tools" complement each other

Mine detection dogs has become one of the most common means of mine clearance. According to reports, the current international has more than 25 organizations worldwide use of mine detection dogs, there are two main reasons: First, when used correctly, mine detection dogs faster than manual clearance, more economical.

In addition, mine-detection dogs can detect mines with low metal content and high metal mixture of mines, such as railway lines mines. At present, many international demining organizations to adopt an integrated mine-sweeping methods, such as combined use of mechanical pre-clearance, manual clearance and mine detection dogs to detect a variety of mine-clearing "Tools" complement each other. In this combination, the use of mine detection dogs are an important part.

Armored bulldozers cost millions of dollars in

The current world Bomb troops were gradually equipped with EOD robots in order to minimize the risk of bomb disposal experts. It is understood that the first bomb-70s in the last century, when the British Army bomb disposal experts were suffering from the Irish Republican Army bomb attacks, bomb disposal robots came into being.

Bomb disposal teams can control by remote remote control robot, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing casualties. All-metal constructed Bomb robots are often equipped with a camera, the distance Bomb disposal experts robotic arm to manipulate the screen to complete the task demolition bombs.

At present foreign military equipment, bomb disposal robots, the general height of about 47 centimeters, weighing about 3 kg. As a bomb disposal robot used by many objective conditions and restrictions, United States and Britain in Afghanistan and Iraq is currently promoting the use of armored bulldozers, explosives disposal.

Bomb disposal experts used by the U.S. military a high degree of protection, armored vehicles are designed to dig out buried bombs or barriers to net cost of each military vehicles up to 100 million U.S. dollars.

U.S. military in recent years, from Israel, a heavy-duty armored bulldozers custom has a full armor room, and the bullet-proof glass, in the engine cooler, earth-moving shovel hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic lines and other important components to install the armor. It can be located in a large roadside bomb pushed to the side, to follow-on force to open up the impact of the road.

Bomb disposal suits weight 40 kg built air-conditioned

Most of the time, and bomb the work completed by the EOD robot. Robots can not solve the problem is only encountered when the bomb disposal experts will personally play. In this case, and bomb defusing experts, we must first put on clothes, but this work only with the help of comrades to complete. EOD wearing clothes is a hard physical labor, because the clothes have their own weight of 40 kg.

EOD suit is protected by high-tech synthetic material, a total of two layers: outer layer of hard, relatively soft inner layer. Able to make the hard outer layer of the wound from shrapnel; soft inner layer to protect the soldiers from the blast hazards.

Once put on EOD suits, Bomb disposal experts is necessary to accelerate the pace of action, because his body temperature will continue to rise. Every 15 minutes, defusing serving 10 degrees the temperature rises. Therefore, EOD soldiers, the explosives disposal service within the fire floor is their savior. Fire protection layer and the internal water-cooling device similar to the spacesuit, which has a pumping system that can draw, a special bottle of water, giving the soldiers the body cool down.

In response to hot dry weather in Iraq, the U.S. military returned to the Explosives Ordnance Disposal unit is equipped with explosion-proof service installed in the split-type air-conditioning on. However, wear clothing that does not mean 100% safe EOD, but increased the chances of surviving a bomb disposal expert. If I run across huge explosions, and bomb experts, and in fate.

Military forces worldwide Bomb Competition

British:

City EOD experience

The world's first one as the organized force in the British Bomb. Outstanding performance in World War II Bomb British forces after the war continue to accept new challenges. The last century, 70 years after the Irish Republican Army bomb placed frequently in the United Kingdom, the British bomb disposal units in the rapid growth in this environment.

Bomb in countless combat, the British have accumulated rich experience in urban Bomb, technically quite a breakthrough. For example, a bomb disposal unit allotted a special explosion-proof clothing, in order to reduce casualties in the explosion; for the discovery of the bomb, placed in a special time of the removal of the explosion-proof steel drums, these are all British bomb disposal unit first.

British Ministry of Defense has demonstrated a high-tech bomb disposal robots, "Long Departed", which can be placed in backpack carry. Under the control of the operator, "Long Departed" may be moving in a variety of complex terrain, and even climb stairs and open the door. Robot installation of four cameras, can be the image back to the operator.

Israel:

EOD pattern 100

After the founding of Israel, the war has been a common occurrence. Palestinian resistance organizations frequently use roadside bombs and other explosive device attacks on Israeli targets, prompting Israel to build the world's most outstanding one bomb disposal unit.

Whether at home to prevent terrorist attacks against the Palestinian population in the occupied territories, or resistance, are inseparable from the bomb disposal unit. Bomb Israel also has its own Henzhao. For example, for suspected possession of a bomb houses, they would use armored bulldozers pushed directly to the house so as to avoid casualties.

Bomb Israeli forces in the Lebanon-Israel conflict in 2006, the creative use of armored bulldozers, with its huge number of earth-moving shovel cleared with 200 ~ 500 kg explosives, improvised explosive devices. Israeli troops in the post-war report, with special emphasis on the armored bulldozer "is the loss of the Israeli army's effective strength of several non-critical." It is also inspired by the Israeli army, the U.S. military also began to purchase Israeli arms dealers, such armored bulldozers.

U.S. troops:

Battle field experience up to

Environment within the United States to "secure" some, but they are on Earth four troops, the garrison for extreme resistance to either. Far are the Vietnam War, there were nearly caught in 2003 on the Iraq quagmire. The former is a clash on the battlefield, which is basically an outright civil bomb attacks. It can be said, it is a long-term stalemate in Iraq, so that the U.S. EOD units also have more opportunities to show his face.

Americans Bomb technology was particularly "deep pockets." For example, for "picture-Ray," a kind of chain of explosives, the U.S. military creatively caliber rifle with a large mine. Again, in response to hot dry weather in Iraq, the U.S. military returned to the Explosives Ordnance Disposal unit is equipped with explosion-proof service installed in the split-type air-conditioning on.

Spain:

High visibility

Spain Bomb units also have high visibility, as in Spain active in the Basque separatists ETA, etc., they often install some improvised explosive devices. Especially in the last century, 80-90 years, such attacks reached a peak in Spain Bomb force is in such an environment to grow up.

Spain's national police, gendarmerie forces and the Basque autonomous police force has its own bomb disposal unit. In general, involved in civil security, to the State police to deal with explosive devices, and the remaining by the military police forces and the Basque police dealt.

Core Tip: a new strategic bomber with the U.S. military fleet of F-22 and B-2 and other aircraft, "shape + paint" in stealth mode completely different, it is highly likely to adopt the most advanced plasma stealth technology. Alleged that former Russian generations ionomer products have been hidden flight and ground tests, the aircraft can be detected by radar to reduce the probability of 99%, and now the Russian plasma stealth technology has been developed to the third generation.
 Data Figure: Russian strategic bombers data for Fig -160: U.S. B-2 strategic bombers, the China Youth Daily reported March 28 It is reported that March 1, Putin hosted the Russian defense industry development conference, and said: "We must begin to develop promising long-range aviation aircraft systems, our new strategic cruise missiles, bombers. "Putin said: Russian Air Force will accelerate the pace of equipment modernization in the next 10 years, modern equipment in the Russian Air Force will not be less than the proportion of 80%, in Russia, after the successful development of fifth generation fighters should immediately develop a new strategic bomber. Mo Dao technology keeps rivalry spawned strategic bombers with a range of high strategic bombers away, load of bombs Japanese penetration ability and other characteristics has always been Russia (Soviet Union) competition in the United States the focus of the two big countries. The United States in 1946 started the development of B-52 strategic bombers, B-52 to eliminate the threat of the Soviet Union in 1951 started to develop plans -95 strategic bomber, and the performance high ground. As a result, the United States began to develop B-1 strategic bomber, which has stimulated further development of the Soviet Union specifically for B-1 bombers, strategic bombers plan -160, -160 map is currently Russia's most advanced strategic bomber active duty. Next, the United States has developed the B-2 stealth bombers, the performance of more than a graph -160. After the Soviet Union, Russia because of financial difficulties and had to slow down with the United States to compete in the pace of strategic bombers. But with Russia's economic recovery and the gradual improvement in both the Russian government or the people, are strongly hope that Russia will return to superpower status, while re-establishment of a strong air force is the best option. Putin's remarks, was likely to put Russia in recent years on the new strategic bomber bewildering rumors into reality, so that development work into the fast lane, in the 2025 ~ 2030, the Russian Air Force equipped with new strategic bombers possible. High standards with the U.S. strategic bombers, stealth mode very different It is reported that the Russian Air Force has made it clear a new type of strategic bombers, tactical and technical indicators. Russia's strategic bombers, compared with active duty, it will be a new strategic bombers. Is alleged that the performance of new types of strategic bombers can take off the runway, including highways, including the airport, and can carry conventional or nuclear missiles, precision-guided munitions, with the implementation of the strategic and tactical strike missions against the dual ability to be able to break through Any anti-missile system in any climatic conditions on the battlefield and fight. However, this new type of strategic bombers and performance data are not currently published, the specific situation, to be further confirmed with the test of war. Russia's new strategic bomber, the performance may be the greatest highlight of stealth design. 2009 December 23 Russo-Japanese long-range aircraft Festival, commander Zhikharev announced: Russian long-range aircraft will be 2025 ~ 2030 are currently being developed between the "stealth bomber" and will gradually replace the current map -160, Figure -95 and Figure -22 bombers. In particular, he stressed: "This is a new type of stealth bombers." The new strategic bomber with the U.S. military fleet of F-22 and B-2 and other aircraft, "shape + paint" in stealth mode completely different, it is highly likely to adopt the most advanced plasma stealth technology. The technology is not changing the aerodynamic design of aircraft under the premise of the air around the aircraft into a plasma cloud, thereby to achieve the effect of absorption and scattering of radar waves. Russia in a plasma stealth technology is leading in the United States, the early 80s of the last century, the Soviet Union took the lead to begin the study of plasma stealth technology has recently made a breakthrough in the development to the third generation. Allegedly, the former two generations ionomer Stealth products have been conducted flight and ground tests, the aircraft can be detected by radar to reduce the probability of 99%. Stealth-based considerations, the new Russian strategic bombers flying speed and mobility may not necessarily be high, because the high-speed mobility and stealth is a contradiction. In terms of performance, the Russian new strategic bombers will be more powerful on-board weapons, the direction of development, but also more penetration. Currently has a small nuclear bomb development program, is developing new weapons, including electromagnetic bombs, thermobaric bombs and laser weapons are the future of Russia's strategic bombers, a new and effective weapons of war. Two new strategic bomber, both nuclear and operational concepts to promote changes in a long time, Russia (including the Soviet Union) and the United States in the development of strategic bombers, is not exactly the same concept. The United States pay more attention to strategic bombers and air-defense system against the viability of the problems is to focus on stealth performance-based design. The Soviet Union, emphasized the strategic bomber penetration capability of direct, method is to seek high-altitude strategic bomber and high-speed, so both merits and demerits. The military is a political response to an extreme. Russia in its foreign policy concept that, in order to fight against the United States to establish a unipolar world system and the eastward expansion of NATO and Russia must take measures to ensure that Russia's military security and reliable, while the highest priority one of the measures is to focus on developing long-range air force , its first priority to the development direction of strategic bombers. Russia believes that: "In the Trinity nuclear forces, the air component is a future." Nuclear attack mode, Russia had established a "riposte nature of the nuclear assault" to "fight back - engaged the nature of the nuclear assault." Putin said that Russia's main threats are regional conflicts, while the modern long-distance air force should be the most practical, most mobile and most powerful non-nuclear strategic deterrence force. On the air war, the Russian Air Force has established a more active combat than the previous idea, stressing a comprehensive use of information - the fire attack, electronics - the fire attack, long-range precision strikes against the enemy by means of the implementation of a devastating air strikes; take a sudden attack, pre-emptive , the overall operations, close coordination, carefully prepared, comprehensive security, unity of command, centralized control, conventional and nuclear attack simultaneously operational principles. Russia even said that the strategic air force is also prepared for any area, including areas outside the borders of the Russian terrorists warning and with high accuracy pre-emptive air strikes. In response, Russian Air Force chief of staff, said: "Russia's new generation of strategic bombers in a conventional war and nuclear war have a high performance, it will use a series of precision-guided weapons, with a lot of new combat capability to carry out anti-Russian Air Force With the new means of intervention operations. "
Military experts point out that the availability of conventional means of attack has become an important measure of a new generation of strategic bombers, one of the criteria. Because nuclear war is not just a can play in the battlefield still have to rely on more conventional weapons to solve the problem. Russian long-range aircraft on the new strategic bomber that "both nuclear and" requirements, is also based on the information to win conventional wars under conditions of demand. From another level, Russia will have a new type of strategic bombers and tactical strike missions, the implementation strategy for the dual capacity of strike missions. A combat radius of the general strategic bombers to reach 4,000 to 5,000 kilometers, the new Russian strategic bombers are no exception. Russia's new strategic bomber research and development of basic concepts: First, starting from the local community should be able to attack targets anywhere on Earth (if necessary aerial refueling). 2 is a powerful call for greater, not only the load of bombs ask for more, but also the role of weapons as far as possible from the requirement. The third is to be taken by precision bombing approach dominated. Fourth, as a strategic air missile launch platform, its long-range cruise missiles launched more difficult than the ground-based missile defense. The future of Russia is also likely to develop an unmanned space flight or even a new generation of strategic bombers.

Core Tip: If Taiwan continues to buy F-16C / D, weak logistics system will be embarrassing burden to properly rate may further decline in the actual combat troops was impossible as the increase in the absolute number of aircraft simultaneously increased. Meanwhile, the facelift F-16C / D required for pilots and ground crew must be drawn from existing units, this is bound to the shortage of manpower in the Air Force would have been grass-roots Gaode "off their feet."

Taiwan's arms procurement targets: F-16C / D "Fighting Falcon" fighter

Youth Reference March 28 reported that, according to Taiwan's "China Times" March 22 reported that a Russian bomber had a brief entry in January this year, Taiwan's air defense alert zone, the military has failed to send fighter jets to intercept. This matter was disclosed, as the so-called "Taiwan's air defense forces of the weak," the latest evidence, the island that some people like to take this big uproar, calling from the United States must accelerate the introduction of the new F-16C / D fighter jets to plug the loopholes. Taiwan's air defenses are not really into the purchase of fighter planes on an unsustainable point? Against this view, the March issue of Hong Kong "Asia-Pacific Defense" magazine published a different opinion.

Buy F-16 will wear down Logistics

In recent years, Taiwan's weapons and equipment in service has continued to deteriorate, and logistical support is an important reason for the negative. Taiwan's Air Force is currently staffed by 3 main fighter: 146 F-16A / B, 56 "Mirage" -2,000 and 126 F-CK-1A / B "Ching-kuo." However, the actual proper rate of conversion at any time able to perform the number of aircraft mission readiness greatly discounted.

"Asia-Pacific defense" reported that, although the "Defense Ministry" was promulgated standards for the proper rate is 70%, but active duty fighters actual proper rates are lower than the standard value. The best situation in F-16A / B fleet, its proper ratio may be about 60%, self-made F-CK-1 with this more or less, the legal system, "Phantom -2,000 worst conditions, only about half to complete combat readiness. In other words, Taiwan's Air Force, although the book has more than 320 on the main fighter plane, but will not be available for more than 200 operations.

In such circumstances, if the Taiwan Air Force to continue to buy F-16C / D, weak logistics system must bear the burden to properly rate is likely to further decline in the actual combat troops was impossible as the increase in the absolute number of aircraft simultaneously increased. Same time, the facelift F-16C / D required for pilots and ground crew must be drawn from existing units, this is bound to the already understaffed of Taiwan's Air Force grassroots Gaode "off their feet."

Upgrade existing equipment is more cost-effective

Accordingly, the article pointed out that, compared to a hasty introduction of new machines on the implementation of existing equipment to upgrade performance, but is a more secure solution. At present, the modified F-CK-1's "ASL Scheme" has been in progress, the first batch of 71 aircraft is expected to commence in May this year transformation, completed in 3 years. "ASL program" not only improve the overall performance of the aircraft, but also solve the problem of instability spare parts supply channels, can significantly improve the F-CK-1 the proper rate.

In the F-16A / B, the Taiwan and the United States has more or less the two sides negotiated the current fleet of active performance program, future improvement of the aircraft apart from computer software, radar and other electronic devices may also be equipped with a variety of models of advanced ground attack weapons in order to enhance the aircraft's long-range precision strike capability.

According to preliminary estimates, F-16A / B and F-CK-1, after the completion of the performance upgrade, proper rate can be increased to more than 80%, which means that the combat readiness of these two fighters can increase the number of 200 or more, even if the "Phantom "-2.0 thousand has remained unchanged, the total number of combat readiness machine can increase at least 15%. Meanwhile, the upgraded aircraft performance, more responsive to the needs of future warfare can effectively improve the Taiwan Air Force's actual combat capability.

Article with special emphasis on, and bought a new F-16C / D compared to funding for such programs can save about 30 billion U.S. dollars. This huge sum of money if used for other military investments, should be able to play an even greater benefits, and even help to alleviate Taiwan to promote "comprehensive mercenary" facing the financial pressure.

Wang Zhongyu, Chinese Enterprise Management Association, 27, held in Beijing in 2010 the National Enterprise Management Innovation Conference, said that in 2009 China's manufacturing industry in the global share of manufacturing value reached 15.6%, becoming the world after the United States the country's second-largest industrial manufacturing. However, the Chinese manufacturing industry is big but not strong, and most enterprises are still in low value-added chain in the bottom.

UNIDO statistical report shows that in 2009 China's share of world industrial production value reached 15.6%, Japan 15.4%. 19% of the share of the United States remains the world's first. Data show that in 2009, China's crude steel production of 568 million tons, accounting for 47% of the world; 1.65 billion tons of cement production and sales, accounting for more than 60% of the world; port throughput of 7 billion tons, accounting for more than 50% of the world.

Wang said China's manufacturing industry in the global share of manufacturing value reached 15.6%, becoming the world's second largest after the U.S. industrial manufacturing country, a number of industry or product output forefront of largest in the world, known as the "World Factory. " However, China's manufacturing industry is big but not strong, and most enterprises are still in the industrial chain in the bottom of the low value-added production services is relatively backward. In developed countries, the production of services has become an important part of modern service industry, many multinational companies main business from a simple extension and transfer of manufacturing to service industries.

According to statistics, the United States service-oriented manufacturing enterprises accounted for 58% of all manufacturing enterprises, while China is only 2.2%. Wang Zhongyu suggested that Chinese enterprises should conform to industry trends, through the integration of upstream and downstream industry chain resources, from simple processing to independent research and development, brand marketing, extension and other services sectors, innovative business models, improve value-added products, production-based manufacturing to service-oriented manufacturing change.
 

2010 China (Shenzhen) IT Leadership Summit was held in Shenzhen today. At the meeting, Ali Group Chairman Ma said that the crisis did not in the past, SMEs have not yet restored confidence,

"From today's point of view, I personally think that this year, next year, the year after the crisis is the most critical moment." Ma said, "I do not know when we come out of this crisis, but I firmly believe that the crisis has been brewing behind the into. "

"We are very lucky generation, the Internet is not just a technology, not just an industry is a kind of thinking is a kind of values." He believed that the Internet will be out of the crisis provided an external impetus, "the Internet than in the past a more open and more know how to share more responsibility to understand and more transparent. so it is a value, it is a culture. "He thinks that if the Internet is such an advanced system of values, advanced culture, and advanced industrial technology, will lead the alien.

In his view, some domestic governments and businesses of their own powers and responsibilities not tell, entrepreneurs are increasingly a political speech, politicians, more and more entrepreneurs address. "They must go beyond after 80,90 us take the time on them, they like to watch movies, we should be in the film, they like the Internet, we should allow them to access." He suggested that entrepreneurs should be strengthened and 80, 90 After the communication, "They are our future."

He finally appealed, IT should be highly concerned about the Earth Summit.
 

Core Tip: U.S. Air Force University, "Strategic Studies Quarterly," Spring Journal published an article a few days ago, said China's ongoing military modernization will inevitably force the U.S. Air Force in the Asia Pacific region, an impact of its rapid increase in precision missile / munitions inventory and long-range air defense capability U.S. Air Force and Navy will undoubtedly pose serious challenges.

Data Figure: photos openly on the Internet showed the H-6 carrying a large volume of two new missiles, precision-guided weapons, the article said that China is increasing rapidly.

China's National Day last year, when 10 cruise missiles on display sword.

Global Times March 27 reported that the University of the Air Force, "Strategic Studies Quarterly," Spring Journal published an article a few days ago, said China's ongoing military modernization will inevitably force the U.S. Air Force in the Asia Pacific region, an impact of its rapid increase in precision missile / munitions inventory and long-range air defense capability will undoubtedly pose a serious challenge to the U.S. Air Force and Navy. In this environment, the Air Force is working to optimize in the Asia Pacific region, command, control and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capability.

At present, the United States has re-deployed in Alaska and Hawaii C-17 and KC-135 aircraft, and in the Pacific region to deploy three F-22 fighter squadron, B-1, B-2 and B-52 bombers in Guam deployment rotation. In addition, the Air Force also called on developed 2018 years ago, the next generation of long-range bombers.

The article said that the current U.S. forces in the Pacific has been the impact of China's military on behalf of. For a long time, the United States has always been the powerful Pacific Ocean, which has a strong space and network space capabilities. These advantages make the Air Force naturally that the protection of the interests of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region with the country's space and network space capabilities, there is no necessary link.

In the Asia-Pacific region, regardless of how China's ability to develop such linkages are bound to exist. As early as in the Air Force was first established, the first Air Force chief of staff, is responsible for strategic air command of the Pacific, the 卡尔斯帕兹 (CarlSpaatz) General then said: "that the Air Force should focus on land targets, the Navy should focus its attention on the sea and the sea the idea of goals to negate the effectiveness of air power. But air power is essential, because it completely covers the land and sea. "Clearly, Sipa Zi generals have been aware of the need to use air power to the existing land and the ability to add the sea.

Since then, a powerful air force in the search process, the Air Force has also developed a stress attack on air superiority and strategic offensive culture. With the continuous development of Air Force strategic culture, the Air Force began to realize that it is necessary to those applied to today's security environment of space and networking space. This is because the existing threats to the Asia-Pacific region, as well as the growing rise of an equal competitor, it may be the U.S. Air Force's space and cyberspace, capable of forming a real challenge.

Affected by this, despite the Air Force is currently busy in Iraq and Afghanistan, irregular warfare, but its still not relax our vigilance, to prevent the potential of conventional / advanced combat opponents, extending the scope of freedom and the maintenance of global peace and prosperity. U.S. Air Force stationed in the Asia-Pacific region in view, they are currently on the challenges facing the region is mainly derived from North Korea's nuclear proliferation, and including China and Russia, including high-end arms race.

Among them, the Air Force faces three major challenges of the most troublesome are: 1. A modern integrated air defense system for the Air Force to maintain superiority in modern air combat ability of the potential threat; 2. Access, utilization and gain an advantage in space competition; 3. because of the U.S. reliance on cyberspace and the emerging security vulnerabilities.

The article points out, although the United States Air Force in the Asian region are facing these challenges are not unique, but it is clearly on the Taiwan issue and Sino-US confrontation that may occur related. In the "Taiwan Relations Act" under the guidance of the U.S. with military cooperation between Taiwan and Sino-American relations are still strained roots. For the U.S. Air Force is, in order to address these challenges, and develop the maintenance of global reach, global power and global vigilance ability is the key. So far, the U.S. Air Force has been working to optimize its presence in the Asia-Pacific region, command and control system to increase its own intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities (ISR), re-deployed to Alaska and Hawaii C-17 transport aircraft and KC - 135 tanker, and will be seven F-22 fighter squadron to deploy to the Pacific region 3. In addition, the Air Force also advocated in 2018 developed a next-generation long-range bombers.

Nevertheless, under the impact of the global economic recession, the U.S. defense budget, the situation might be substantially reduced, as Defense Secretary Robert Gates as recently reminded. If so, then the Air Force must make the appropriate adjustments (including the option to purchase low-cost weapons systems) in order to cope with the challenges of the Asia Pacific region. In this case, the military situation in the Asia-Pacific region an objective assessment will help the Air Force to properly respond.

End, the article pointed out that, obviously, China's ongoing innovation and change would be felt by the U.S. Air Force forces in the Asia Pacific region have an impact. PLA's rapid increase in precision missile / munitions stockpiles and growing long-range air defense capabilities, the Air Force and Navy will undoubtedly constitute a big challenge, and will the United States in the region, operations and military structure have an impact. Thus, as the U.S. Joint Forces Command (JFCOM) has said it: "From a long-term perspective, the U.S. military's goal remains must be the main deterrent."

Core Tip: Yang Liwei in the recently published "Heaven and Earth Kokonoe," a book recalling the adventure of space flight moments. He referred to the return of Shenzhou spacecraft in the right porthole suddenly began to crack, lines Jiugen glass were smashed after the same sort of small pieces, and more and more. Only later did I know the spaceship porthole anti-burning coating outside the rupture occurred.
 At 5:30 on October 15, 2003, dressed in silver space suits our country's first astronaut Yang Liwei, to the chief commander of China's manned space program Li Jinai report, consult expedition. This is a Yang film work. In October 2003, Yang Liwei Shenzhou V manned spacecraft around the earth during the flight, with a digital camera took over 100 photos.
This is a shot of the works of Nie Haisheng, he said that taking pictures in space is not easy, starting a support arm supporting the body up in a fixture. When shooting, often holding a video camera, the other holding the camera, while the feet are floating in the air. In the Shenzhou VI, the fee Junlong and Nie Haisheng two astronauts were shot more than 300 photographs. Yangtse Evening Post reported March 28 China's first astronaut Yang Liwei aboard Shenzhou V spacecraft around the earth 14 times, creating the history of China's space industry. In his "Heaven and Earth Kokonoe," a book recalling the adventure of space flight moments. I think they have to sacrifice at 9:00 on October 15, 2003 sharp, loud rocket tail roar of hundreds of tons of high-energy fuel began to burn, eight engines and spew red-hot flames, high-speed high-temperature gas, a few seconds Bell put the audience on the launch of 1000 tons of water into steam. Total weight of the rocket and the spacecraft to reach 487 tons, when the thrust let this monster rises, the desert tremble, the sky roar. My whole body exertion, muscle tension, like a whole person received a piece of iron. The beginning of the spacecraft is very smooth, slowly, slowly rising, even more than the lift is also stable. I thought to myself: This is very common ah, it is not much enthusiasm ah! Later on, I know that the spacecraft to accelerate the take-off is a gradual process, a variety of load is gradually widening. Rocket gradually accelerating, I felt pressure gradually increase. Because the training load that we bear before, my body felt quite good, I feel Meisha problem. But the rocket up to the height of thirty or forty kilometers, the rocket and the spacecraft began a sharp shake, resulting in resonance. This makes me feel very painful. The human body to low-frequency vibrations below 10 Hz is very sensitive to the internal organs of people it will resonate. The point is not only low-frequency vibration of the problem is that the new vibration superimposed on a load at about 6G. This overlay is too horrible, and we have never conducted such training. I am worried that accidents still happen. Resonance curve of the form is changing, painful feeling increasingly strong, internal organs seem to be broken, I was almost unbearable. Heart felt himself dying. At that time, my mind is very clear, that the spacecraft when it took off like that. In fact, the take-off phase of the resonance occurs is not normal. Resonance lasted for 26 seconds after slowly reducing. When the state of relief from that uncomfortable came out, I have never ever felt relaxed and comfortable, like a rebirth. However, in extreme pain, in just a short moment, I really think that they have to sacrifice. A detailed description of the flight, I came back this painful process. Our staff studies suggest that mainly come from the spacecraft resonance vibration of the rocket. After the improvement of technology process to solve this problem. In the Shenzhou VI flight, has been very good improvement; in the "God seven" in-flight and then there have been no case. Spent in the air, that an unbearable 26 seconds, the ground staff have also plunged into an unprecedented tensions. Back to the ground, I saw the launch of the hall when the video reached the ground. At the time everybody was incredibly quiet, no one dare say a word, because the spacecraft returned images of transmission grid is fixed, I am motionless, and even eyes Buzha everyone was worried that I was not out of any incidents. 3 minutes and 20 seconds, in the fairing opened, the outside light coming through the porthole photos at once, the sun is dazzling, my eyes could not help but blink a bit. In this look at the command hall, someone shouted: "Look, ah, blinking, and Li-Wei is still alive!" All the people applauded and cheered. Soul-stirring way back at 4:31 on October 16, 2003, I received a spacecraft on the Beijing Aerospace Command and Control Center of the return command. According to scientists design, only the "Shenzhou V" safety back to the ground, my current space missions can one truly be successfully completed. The spaceship returns, is a special stage - the previous human space flight shows that most likely to return to stage is the stage of an accident. I am also very clear. Ever since human beings to carry out a manned space activities, there have been 22 astronauts lost their precious lives, 11 of them return to the landing is in the process of sacrifice. 5:35, the spacecraft began to orbit 343 km high-brake, just like the same brake. Spacecraft in orbit on the first 180-degree attitude adjustment - return to make propulsion in the former, which requires 180 degree "turn around", I feel that the spacecraft continued to slow down, to the direction of the Earth's near. 5:58, the spacecraft's speed reduced to a certain value to start from the original track, into the non-powered flight. The spacecraft's flight is not a free fall since then, but the use of lift control technology, according to data entered on the ground, aiming at the landing point of the theory, relying on the spacecraft's small engines constantly adjust posture, back on track to landing sites along the flight. If you broke down, and lift control failure, the spacecraft returns would have been ballistic, non-controllable way down. For example April 19, 2008, South Korea Lee So-yeon aboard Russia "coalition of TMA-11" spacecraft, and a U.S. astronaut and a Russian astronaut return together, the spacecraft is to ballistic landing. Deviate from the intended location was 420 km, the astronauts encountered bumps in addition, but also to withstand the highest 10 G, overload, Lee So-yeon was injured. 6:04, the spacecraft's flight to 100 kilometers away from the ground, and gradually into the dense atmosphere. At this time the spacecraft's flight speed of a great encounter air resistance, it is a sharp slowdown, resulting in nearly 4G overload, my chest and back are under considerable pressure. This situation, we usually have trained to cope with ease. Let me nervous so that another reason for panic: First fast-flying spacecraft and atmospheric friction, the heat generated outside the porthole burned a red; and then the windows in the red, with red, white non-stop across the debris. The spacecraft's outer surface layer of anti-erosion, which is the high-temperature, with the temperature, it begins to peel off, it will be the process of peeling away part of the heat. I know that this principle, see this situation, I know how the story of the children. But then I saw the situation is very tense: the right of the windows began to crack, lines Jiugen glass were smashed after the kind of small pieces, like seeing it more and more fear ... ... say no it is not true, you want to, ah, 1600 ~ 1800 degrees Celsius outside but ultra-high temperature.
At that time suddenly realized that the United States, "Columbia" space shuttle is one such accident is not the Well, an anti-hot plate before the emergence of a crack, and then let the high-temperature spacecraft disintegrated. Now, a porthole so bad, we will have a! First, the right windows crack, until it is split into half time, I turn his head a look at the left side of the porthole, it also began to crack. Instead, I worry that at this time: the Well - perhaps no problem! Because of this failure is not high probability of recurring. Come back only after the spacecraft's porthole to do a layer of anti-burning outer coating, this coating cracked burned, rather than windows itself; Why do not all together on both sides of the crack do? Because both sides are not using the same material. Past, each time doing experimental spacecraft launch and return of the spacecraft cabin through the high-temperature burning, windows, burned the dark, the staff do not see these cracks, but if it is not seen inside the spacecraft, no one will think of of such activities.

Core Tip: According to Press Trust of India reported that local time 5:48 Xu, a "Prithvi" missile -2 balasore from the eastern state of Orissa launched a comprehensive testing ground for mobile launch pad. Prior to this, local time, 5:44 Xu, "Prithvi" missile naval ships along the coast in Orissa test, two ships involved in the launch activities.

Data Figure: India's "Earth" (Prithvi) series of missiles

Data Chart: December 13, 2009 India's "Prithvi" missile naval version - Longbow carrier has successfully test-fired ballistic missiles.

Xinhua reported that March 28 morning, 27 India successfully test-fired two short-range ballistic missiles, of which one is "Earth" -2 type, the other one is "Earth," the naval version.

According to Press Trust of India reported that local time 5:48 Xu, a "Prithvi" missile -2 balasore from the eastern state of Orissa launched a comprehensive testing ground for mobile launch pad. Prior to this, local time, 5:44 Xu, "Prithvi" missile naval warship in the coastal state of Orissa test, two ships involved in the launch activities.

Reported that the "Prithvi" -2 missile a maximum range of 295 kilometers, "the land" of the Navy's missile range of 350 kilometers.

21 this month, India had successfully carried out a new cruise missile "Brahmos" vertical test, but 15 anti-missile intercept test by intercepting the system failed to intercept a simulated ballistic missile radar signal was canceled.
 

Core Tip: U.S. Air Force University of Quarterly recently published an article called, there is no indication that China has the ability to launch space war or are in the development management of such space operations organizations and regulatory agencies. All sectors of China's current U.S. forces carried out an air and space assessment in some respects is still flawed, misleading and omissions.
 Recently launched "on the 9th of remote sensing" satellites are considered as China's anti-aircraft guided missile satellite data for: The Chinese anti-satellite weapons considered to be KT-1 missiles, the Global Times - World Wide Web March 25 reported that the U.S. Air Force University "Strategic Studies Quarterly," published in the spring issue of the U.S. Air Force War College, Associate Professor Zhang Xiaoming with the U.S. Air Force, director of the University of National Space Research Center, Sean • D • Macclung "China's air and space force on the impact of the U.S. Air Force," a text, saying that all sectors of the current U.S. Air China the assessment carried out by forces of days while they included some of the understanding of China's air and space power useful information, but in some ways still flawed, misleading and omissions. In fact, there is no indication that China has the ability to launch space war or are in the development management of such space operations organizations and regulatory agencies. The article said that even the U.S. Department of Defense issued a report on China, while providing useful information on air and space forces, but there are shortcomings in some aspects and misleading. In those concerned about China's military modernization, Taiwan and the United States will have interests in the region what the threat to the eyes, those related to the 2007 report of the criticism is justified. Indeed, these reports failed to mention or assessment in January 2007 Chinese anti-ballistic missile impact tests, that is likely to weaken the United States in the field of ballistic missile technology advantage. In addition, these reports did not mention the rapid growth of the PLA of precision missile / munitions, as well as long-range air defense capability of the rapidly increasing threat to Taiwan formed, and such change may seriously affect the U.S. air superiority in the region. In view of these omissions and errors, people can not help but begin to doubt the quality of reporting of these assessments. For example, the United States in 2005 an assessment report FB-7 and FBC-1 is the Chinese developed two different planes, but in fact they are with a fighter, that is what the Chinese call JH-7/7A. In addition, in 2007, the United States reported that China's purchase of the Su-27 (J-11/11A) fighter. Over the years, which fighter has always been the focus of the modernization of the PLA Air Force. But in fact, licensed production agreements in accordance with China and Russia, the Beijing government has long been at the end of 2006 before they stop production of the J-11, started making homemade version of multi-J-11B fighter, and in the end of 2007 columns installed People's Liberation Army Air Force 1st Division. Unfortunately, the United States in 2008 report did not mention China's development. The article points out, in addition to omissions and errors, the United States, these assessment reports did not mention the changes in the basic structure of the PLA Air Force: From only concerned with the limited objective of land forces, and gradually develop into a more flexible, more agile force, able to perform offshore Attack and defense missions. It is not clear is that the liberation of the United States Air Force, this change is not within the scope of its assessment, or they think this change is not important. In addition, these assessment reports were missing People's Liberation Army Air Force pilot training, operational proficiency, as well as the maintenance of China's advanced fighters, all of which seem to the Defense Department's assessment is very important. If these reports is limited to attempts to describe China's regional policy, then this situation might be able to understand; However, the report focused on the PLA's modernization, which is believed to form a potential threat to U.S. interests would be the elements, so, the United States should all the more for its explanation. The article said all along, Air Force officials in the study of Chinese air and space force has shown interest. Affected by this, an increasing number of research reports to let the Air Force began to refer to China to achieve modernization efforts, including the deployment of fourth generation fighter aircraft, airborne early warning and control systems, as well as air refueling and so on. However, these studies are mostly of concern to the PLA Air Force's weaknesses, such as the lack of combat experience, as well as the air capacity is essential, experience in the fight against the enemy's armed conflict, these weaknesses would obviously adversely affect China. In addition, the United States in 2006, a study reported that even in a relatively "near war" plan, the People's Liberation Army Air Force in response to enemy air defense system, its air assets, viability, effectiveness and sustainability will continue to encounter challenge, because the People's Liberation Army Air Force's logistics capacity is limited, and the lack of air refueling, command and control and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance equipment. It would appear that for the People's Liberation Army Air Force, Air Force officials, cultural, strategic and tactical conducted by independent research, and those for the People's Liberation Army Air Force recently conducted by the procurement of advanced weapons, there were significant differences in the study. Those concerned with Chinese soldiers will be how to deploy these weapons systems and reports and the facts, but also for the People's Liberation Army and its military intentions, there is no consensus within the U.S. military, comprehensive and concrete understanding. This just highlights the U.S. military with regard to gaps in understanding. The article points out, in addition to air power, the United States have also expressed some analysts for its own security is increasingly dependent on space-based systems, related weakness gradually increasing concerns. In recent years, China's achievements in space, prompting the U.S. Air Force officials began checking the Beijing government's military space doctrine, civilian and military space organizations, and military space capabilities. In most cases, their research will always recognize that any analysis of China's space program's efforts are trapped in the lack of transparency. In addition, the U.S. Air Force Lieutenant General Carol • Welsh in its award-winning "protection space: The Chinese anti-satellite weapons program, Inspiration," a research report called for, said in reference to the Chinese version of the publication available in English translation to the analysis must be careful. With the claim that Chinese people are preparing for war fighting in space different from the many studies, Air Force officials conducted by the Air Force War College research report shows that there were no signs that China is ready for the implementation of space warfare doctrine, the development of the implementation of such space missions organization and management institutions.
The United States should be how to deal with the modernization of China's space problems, Air Force officials report different opinions. This is because they are in accordance with the original document itself, there are many differences. In addition, the available sources of information in China is also very limited, and the analysis of the United States there are also incomplete and speculative situation. In any case, the PLA Air Force in 2020 to become strong competitors in the field of air and space seems to be correct. In this regard, it was suggested that the United States should take a small hit more contact with the means to support China's development into a responsible regional military power; At the same time, the United States need to always guard against the development of China's conventional air power beyond its own borders. Moreover, it was pointed out that the United States must seek to engage China policy, and maintain a capable of protecting the United States itself and its global interests of powerful allies within the army. The article concluded by stating that the United States to stop China's efforts to develop their own space, so Washington should implement within the project in the civil space policy of engagement with China, and the growing deterioration of the space environment to carry out military operations prepared. However, some people think that civil space cooperation with China in the area of contact can not be safe for the United States serve the interests of space, they suggested that a more powerful implementation of policies, through the defense and offensive counter-space measures to weaken China's space development intentions. As for the U.S. officials on China's air and space power assessment report, the article says they are the real problem does not seem to exist a lack of common ground, nor is that these officials hope to come to different conclusions, but they concluded that approach. (Drop-hui)

Core Tip: U.S. Air Force University of Quarterly recently published an article called, there is no indication that China has the ability to launch space war or are in the development management of such space operations organizations and regulatory agencies. All sectors of China's current U.S. forces carried out an air and space assessment in some respects is still flawed, misleading and omissions.
 Recently launched "on the 9th of remote sensing" satellites are considered as China's anti-aircraft guided missile satellite data for: The Chinese anti-satellite weapons considered to be KT-1 missiles, the Global Times - World Wide Web March 25 reported that the U.S. Air Force University "Strategic Studies Quarterly," published in the spring issue of the U.S. Air Force War College, Associate Professor Zhang Xiaoming with the U.S. Air Force, director of the University of National Space Research Center, Sean • D • Macclung "China's air and space force on the impact of the U.S. Air Force," a text, saying that all sectors of the current U.S. Air China the assessment carried out by forces of days while they included some of the understanding of China's air and space power useful information, but in some ways still flawed, misleading and omissions. In fact, there is no indication that China has the ability to launch space war or are in the development management of such space operations organizations and regulatory agencies. The article said that even the U.S. Department of Defense issued a report on China, while providing useful information on air and space forces, but there are shortcomings in some aspects and misleading. In those concerned about China's military modernization, Taiwan and the United States will have interests in the region what the threat to the eyes, those related to the 2007 report of the criticism is justified. Indeed, these reports failed to mention or assessment in January 2007 Chinese anti-ballistic missile impact tests, that is likely to weaken the United States in the field of ballistic missile technology advantage. In addition, these reports did not mention the rapid growth of the PLA of precision missile / munitions, as well as long-range air defense capability of the rapidly increasing threat to Taiwan formed, and such change may seriously affect the U.S. air superiority in the region. In view of these omissions and errors, people can not help but begin to doubt the quality of reporting of these assessments. For example, the United States in 2005 an assessment report FB-7 and FBC-1 is the Chinese developed two different planes, but in fact they are with a fighter, that is what the Chinese call JH-7/7A. In addition, in 2007, the United States reported that China's purchase of the Su-27 (J-11/11A) fighter. Over the years, which fighter has always been the focus of the modernization of the PLA Air Force. But in fact, licensed production agreements in accordance with China and Russia, the Beijing government has long been at the end of 2006 before they stop production of the J-11, started making homemade version of multi-J-11B fighter, and in the end of 2007 columns installed People's Liberation Army Air Force 1st Division. Unfortunately, the United States in 2008 report did not mention China's development. The article points out, in addition to omissions and errors, the United States, these assessment reports did not mention the changes in the basic structure of the PLA Air Force: From only concerned with the limited objective of land forces, and gradually develop into a more flexible, more agile force, able to perform offshore Attack and defense missions. It is not clear is that the liberation of the United States Air Force, this change is not within the scope of its assessment, or they think this change is not important. In addition, these assessment reports were missing People's Liberation Army Air Force pilot training, operational proficiency, as well as the maintenance of China's advanced fighters, all of which seem to the Defense Department's assessment is very important. If these reports is limited to attempts to describe China's regional policy, then this situation might be able to understand; However, the report focused on the PLA's modernization, which is believed to form a potential threat to U.S. interests would be the elements, so, the United States should all the more for its explanation. The article said all along, Air Force officials in the study of Chinese air and space force has shown interest. Affected by this, an increasing number of research reports to let the Air Force began to refer to China to achieve modernization efforts, including the deployment of fourth generation fighter aircraft, airborne early warning and control systems, as well as air refueling and so on. However, these studies are mostly of concern to the PLA Air Force's weaknesses, such as the lack of combat experience, as well as the air capacity is essential, experience in the fight against the enemy's armed conflict, these weaknesses would obviously adversely affect China. In addition, the United States in 2006, a study reported that even in a relatively "near war" plan, the People's Liberation Army Air Force in response to enemy air defense system, its air assets, viability, effectiveness and sustainability will continue to encounter challenge, because the People's Liberation Army Air Force's logistics capacity is limited, and the lack of air refueling, command and control and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance equipment. It would appear that for the People's Liberation Army Air Force, Air Force officials, cultural, strategic and tactical conducted by independent research, and those for the People's Liberation Army Air Force recently conducted by the procurement of advanced weapons, there were significant differences in the study. Those concerned with Chinese soldiers will be how to deploy these weapons systems and reports and the facts, but also for the People's Liberation Army and its military intentions, there is no consensus within the U.S. military, comprehensive and concrete understanding. This just highlights the U.S. military with regard to gaps in understanding. The article points out, in addition to air power, the United States have also expressed some analysts for its own security is increasingly dependent on space-based systems, related weakness gradually increasing concerns. In recent years, China's achievements in space, prompting the U.S. Air Force officials began checking the Beijing government's military space doctrine, civilian and military space organizations, and military space capabilities. In most cases, their research will always recognize that any analysis of China's space program's efforts are trapped in the lack of transparency. In addition, the U.S. Air Force Lieutenant General Carol • Welsh in its award-winning "protection space: The Chinese anti-satellite weapons program, Inspiration," a research report called for, said in reference to the Chinese version of the publication available in English translation to the analysis must be careful. With the claim that Chinese people are preparing for war fighting in space different from the many studies, Air Force officials conducted by the Air Force War College research report shows that there were no signs that China is ready for the implementation of space warfare doctrine, the development of the implementation of such space missions organization and management institutions.
The United States should be how to deal with the modernization of China's space problems, Air Force officials report different opinions. This is because they are in accordance with the original document itself, there are many differences. In addition, the available sources of information in China is also very limited, and the analysis of the United States there are also incomplete and speculative situation. In any case, the PLA Air Force in 2020 to become strong competitors in the field of air and space seems to be correct. In this regard, it was suggested that the United States should take a small hit more contact with the means to support China's development into a responsible regional military power; At the same time, the United States need to always guard against the development of China's conventional air power beyond its own borders. Moreover, it was pointed out that the United States must seek to engage China policy, and maintain a capable of protecting the United States itself and its global interests of powerful allies within the army. The article concluded by stating that the United States to stop China's efforts to develop their own space, so Washington should implement within the project in the civil space policy of engagement with China, and the growing deterioration of the space environment to carry out military operations prepared. However, some people think that civil space cooperation with China in the area of contact can not be safe for the United States serve the interests of space, they suggested that a more powerful implementation of policies, through the defense and offensive counter-space measures to weaken China's space development intentions. As for the U.S. officials on China's air and space power assessment report, the article says they are the real problem does not seem to exist a lack of common ground, nor is that these officials hope to come to different conclusions, but they concluded that approach. (Drop-hui)

Core Tip: British "Wales Online" web site March 24, said, Taiwan will be able to crack down on two tests in June the mainland "Hsiung Feng IIE" cruise missile, and hopes to produce 80 sets of before the end of the year. "Hsiung Feng IIE" land attack cruise missile with a range of up to 497 kilometers and can effectively deter the mainland's military objectives.

Data Figure: Taiwan developed Hsiung Feng II missile

Global Times - World Wide Web March 25 reported that British "Wales Online" website (Wales Online) 2010 Nian 3 Yue 24 Ri published "Taiwan to test-fire a new missile," the article, the article quoted Taiwan's "Next Weekly" sources said, Taiwan will be able to crack down on two tests in June the mainland "Hsiung Feng IIE" cruise missile, and hopes to produce 80 sets of before the end of the year.

First, the article said that according to the day of the relevant reports, China Taiwan test-fired a further two this year, with the fight against the continent capable missiles.

"Wales Online" website mentioned in the article, Taiwan's magazine, "Next Magazine" (Next Magazine) followed by reports of the leaders of the Taiwan region to strengthen the island's defense from Ma Ying-jeou reiterated. China regards Taiwan as an inalienable part of the civil war, the two sides since 1949 has yet to achieve reunification.

The British media that, in addition to strong coverage of the development of localization of the missile, the Taiwan authorities are also seeking to acquire a more advanced version of US-made F-16 fighter jets in order to strengthen the island's defense.

According to Taiwan's "Next Magazine" was, in June this year, Taiwan will launch a range of 497 kilometers of the "Hsiung Feng IIE" (Hsiung Feng IIE) land attack cruise missiles, and expect the end of this year, producing 80 sets of this type of missile. (Drop-hui)
 

Core Tip: U.S. 23, Associated Press, said Putin's visit to India on the 12th, the two countries signed several agreements totaling more than the billions of dollars. The most important is that Russia and India at all times ready to share their latest and most sensitive technology, but made it clear that India will not be sold to the same weapons systems sold to China.
 Data Figure: Russia sold to India's Su-30MKI, equipped with thrust-vectoring engine data for: Russia sold China Su-30MKK fighter-bombers Global Times - World Wide Web March 25 reported that the U.S. Associated Press reported that the Asia-line 23, 12 , Putin's visit to India, the two countries signed several agreements totaling more than the billions of dollars. The most important is that Russia and India at all times ready to share their latest and most sensitive technology, but made it clear that India will not be sold to the same weapons systems sold to China. At present, Russia may no longer be satisfied with India on strategic matters for discussion in international relations, it has began to move toward developing relations with the United States and other major powers of the relationship between a new direction. But in fact, Moscow, New Delhi will continue to be the most reliable ally. March 12, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's visit to New Delhi, although only a short 12 hours, but this visit the two countries were once again highlighted the deep-rooted traditions and closely linked to national interests. Reported that Putin's visit to India, Russia and India signed the treaty between the two countries as much as amazing: Russia and India to provide another 29, worth 1.5 billion U.S. dollars MiG -29 "Fulcrum-D" fighters; the two countries signed a contract joint research and development of new fifth-generation fighter plane; the two countries to redefine the upgrade "Admiral Gorshkov" aircraft carrier price of 2.3 billion U.S. dollars; the two countries signed an agreement to jointly set up a joint venture company, to include the equivalent of the Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (Glonass) Global Positioning System navigation equipment manufacturing, and allow India to the Russian navigation satellite system, the signal used for military purposes; two countries also signed a number of related agreements, to 2017 years ago to build 16 nuclear power plants in India. Now, about 70% of India's defense needs are met by Russia, more importantly, the two sides of the defense cooperation is no longer confined to simple for buyers and sellers, but extends to the joint design, development, production and , training and exchanges between the military and the armed forces. Russia, with India at all times ready to share their latest and most sensitive technology. More important is that Russia is the promise that will not be sold to India the same weapons and re-sold to China or Pakistan, one of the countries. Moreover, recently, India and Russia held a joint naval exercises and anti-terrorism exercise. However, some critics said that in today's arms market, Russia is no longer as strong as usual, as its weapon system is the relatively poor use of technology. However, as military analyst Bharat • Verma pointed out: "No country can, like India, Russia to meet this demand, but addition to Russia, no country is willing to lease its own submarines to India ten years." For Verma's statement, India's defense affairs • Akshay Kumar expressed support and further explained that although the United States in 2008, when India signed a civilian nuclear agreement, but in helping to enhance its nuclear capabilities of India, New Delhi Government and good partners, but Russia is not the United States. Subject to a number of reasons for the impact of the India-US nuclear deal has not yet been implemented. Among them, one of the reasons is that the Obama administration, and unwilling to "dual-use technology" transfer to India. In the international nuclear non-proliferation framework, Russia is currently with India in various actively promote cooperation in sensitive areas, such as the re-processing technology, combined thorium fuel cycle nuclear power projects as well as fast neutron reactors. Putin's visit to India, as evidenced by trip, as Russia has signed contracts to build as many as 16 nuclear power plants in India. Reported that after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Yeltsin's term of office is so fascinated by the Russian pursuit of the West, so that the complete neglect of the strong relationship with India. After Putin came to power in 2000, he not only restored the enthusiasm and vitality of Russian-Indian relations, but also to ensure that this relationship strong, will be the annual summit between the two countries had been institutionalized. Since 2000, Russia and India on a regular basis, held alternately in the capital of an annual summit between the two countries. The talks between the two leaders had a very significant impact, they issued a "deepening strategic partnership to address global challenges of the Joint Declaration" on 2011-2010 years of military and technical cooperation, and reached a consensus, but also signed a the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in the coalition agreement. At present, Russia and India have agreed to accelerate the two countries, such as Iran and Afghanistan and other international issues, process. In Afghanistan, the two sides agreed that through a stable international cooperation to combat terrorism, cut off sources of financing terrorist operations, but also through sustained international cooperation to effectively combat drug production in the region and transactions. In fact, Russia has always supported India at the United Nations a "comprehensive convention on international terrorism," the draft. In addition, it is noteworthy that India currently the largest single foreign investment - 2.8 billion - is located in the eastern Pacific coast of Russia's Sakhalin Island oil refinery project. But not all. India has also spent about 21 billion U.S. dollars, acquired in the southeastern Siberian city of Tomsk, a company called "Imperial Energy" of the British company. Energy investments in the region has always been a part of India's energy strategy. Reported that India has a number of other investments on the discussions with Russia. India's Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) overseas investment unit is responsible for a subsidiary - ONGC Videsh Ltd (OVL) has been interested in working with Russian oil and gas giants (such as the Russian Gazprom and the Russian oil company) to cooperate and even in Siberia in northern Russia different areas of investment. OVL's areas of interest, including Siberia, "Sakhalin-3" (Sakhalin-III) area, located in northern Russia Diman Bo Pechora basin, northeastern Siberia, as well as natural gas-rich Yamal Peninsula.
However, the co-operation such as these does not mean that Russian-Indian relationship does not exist a temporary small problem. At present, the two countries have yet to agree on how to deal with the current situation - and now, the private sector and institutions are increasingly in the two countries dominate the economy, they must be able to direct contact with each other without government interference. Thus, most Indian businessmen are not sure you will be able to from the return on investment in Russia. On the other hand, even in the field of arms sales, Russia's approach does not necessarily entirely beneficial to India. For example, in the sale to India, "Admiral Gorshkov" aircraft carrier in the process of Russia did not meet India in terms of price and delivery timing requirements. However, from Russia and India, a broad strategic framework, these minor problems irrelevant. The reality is that even if the U.S. might lose its superpower status during the Cold War, but it is still a big country. Russia, close to Central Asia, China and Iran - in India in the region has the political, security and economic interests. Russia has abundant natural resources, strong technical capabilities and trade potential. In addition, Russia also has a large number of high-tech talent. At present, Russia is still following the United States, the world's most important military power. The most important is that, compared with the United States or other countries, Russia may be in its foreign policy and strategic considerations, the put India on a higher priority position. Therefore, India, in both historical experience, current policy orientation and the actual process of mutual benefit, improve and promote its partnership with Russia is in line between common sense. Moreover, Russia remains India's foreign relations a priority country. As the Russian proverb puts it, "new friends than his old friends." (

Core Tip: Recently, the company came from Air Industrial Everest news, the company's 43-inch super-large forging blades developed dynamic breakthrough assessment test of small batch production targets, the company has expanded the civilian market diversification Development Goals successful example for the future to enter the market very large leaves and laid a solid foundation.

Large bypass ratio turbofan engines require large-sized leaves, such engines widely used in today's passenger and cargo aircraft in the.

Home-made debut at the show on the SF-A engine model, allegedly for supporting domestic C919 developed for large aircraft.

Xinhua reported that the recent March 25, from Everest's aircraft industry news from the company's 43-inch super-large forging blades developed dynamic breakthrough assessment test of small batch production targets as civilian market this year to expand multi - successful examples of development goals for the future into the market very large leaves and laid a solid foundation.

43-inch Large blade weight, blade length, blade root width, internal, back-arc are damping units, forging forming large resistance, the biggest difficulty is to ensure that the root is full of leaves. This is the Everest company is now producing the longest, the biggest super forging rotor blades. Hongyuan Hongyuan blade factory's technical staff in the early stages of the development process, focusing on from the famine-type system, billet, forging new materials solve the shortage of crack start, using three-dimensional software for physical simulation exercises, find a solution to the uniformity of forging problems. In the actual production, each forging teams and groups with past successful experience, with on-site technicians discuss the process of process problems that may arise to develop a series of response measures.

Since 2008 research has been initiated by various factors such as domestic raw material constraints affecting the performance, 43-inch leaf development has not been substantial progress. In early 2010, Everest's red blade factory in accordance with the former employee congress early next year to determine the "lay a foundation of reform and innovation, scientific development level", the basic ideas, organize special teams tackling tough problems, innovative ideas, innovative technologies for breakthroughs.

Through the tireless efforts of all the combatants finally explore a plan for improving overall performance, meet requirements of technical standards process. Practice has proved that the program can effectively improve the forging organizational performance, improve product delivery pass rate, crack Everest over the years developed very large leaves problems.
 

Core Tip: Cato Institute 23, Carpenter, vice president of the United States national interests, online website published an article, said the Asia-Pacific region after World War II to fill the power vacuum in the United States, will not be in the next period of time continue to occupy the dominant position. Because compared with the past, China and Japan have grown into a powerful country.

Data Figure: China's National Day military parade on the 60th anniversary of the modern military display

Data Figure: Japan Self-Defense Forces parade

Global Times - World Wide Web March 25, vice president of the Cato Institute reported that Carpenter (Ted Galen Carpenter) 23 U-line Web site published an article of national interests, said the Asia-Pacific region after World War II to fill the power vacuum in the United States, will not be able to The next time, continue to occupy the dominant position. Because compared with the past, China and Japan have grown into a powerful country.

The article said that although for different reasons, but in Australia to China and the United States is increasingly felt uneasy. This double unrest prompted Canberra to take a neutral approach, and in security issues and the ability to take a more independent stance. This trend should be encouraged rather than discouraged in Washington.

The article commented that China has a great appetite for industrial commodities, making it Australia's major trading nation. Australian economy in the performance of the current global recession better than most countries, mainly because of China's demand for those commodities. It is understandable that Canberra would like to maintain good relations with Beijing. At the same time, the Australian government did not fully believe that China's "peaceful rise" really peaceful harmless. China is more willing to demonstrate its strength.

The article said that Canberra's concern about future U.S. policy is due to the opposite reasons. Australia's political and policy elite personnel for the United States after World War II in the western Pacific and East Asia, the role of hegemony is very satisfactory. But obviously, some people worry that Washington may be unwilling - or more may not be able - in the future to continue to maintain its dominant posture. Over the past few years, senior U.S. officials and policy experts have been telling them all to normal, the powerful American hegemony will last forever, and now nobody believes in.

The article said that they should be noted that after World War II the United States has filled a huge power vacuum in this region, but to completely different in this era continue to play this role is not realistic. When the United States to achieve its hegemonic position, Japan has been falling, weak, China is civil war, the rest of some of the weak force (such as Thailand and Australia) are also the collapse of Europe's colonial empires. Today's situation and was completely different. Japan and China have become big powers, but also the rise of East Asia, several other political economy. In this case, also believes that the United States can continue its hegemony in the thousands of miles away, it is too naive.

The article said that even if the U.S. also has a few decades after World War II was a huge economic and financial advantages, the situation will not change. However, a government full of deficit, and had to borrow some East Asian emerging power of hundreds of billions annually-American country, it is clear that economic growth will be under pressure to reduce its security commitments. The problem is just such an adjustment will come much quicker in-depth.

The article said that the Australian policy-makers and opinion leaders themselves seem to be a similar conclusion. For Washington, the future security role in the world of the limitations of the performance of this country becoming more and more reality, in last year's white paper developed by the Ministry of Defense, several of which reflects a more hard-line planning and a more independent military capability, will no longer have to rely on the United States to meet Australia's security needs.

The article said that the United States, political leaders should welcome this kind of realism, and encouragement. Pretend that nothing has changed and will not help Australia and other allies, and Australia in the Western Pacific and East Asia will not weaken the role of the military. Such false assurances of safety can only be an unhealthy reliance on the extension and defense of insufficient investment. Is no longer 1945, the United States in the region away visitors should stop deceiving itself and others. (Drop-hui
 

Core Tip: Russia's "Herald" reported March 23, Russian Defense Minister Sher long quebracho recent visit to Vietnam, with Vietnamese Defense Minister Feng Guangqing on the 2020 arms purchase agreement to hold consultations. Vietnam currently interested in buying Russia's anti-missile systems such as Tor and S-300 and so on. Reported that, if the purchase of air defense systems, taking into account facilities, Vietnam will become the second largest buyer of Russian weapons.

Vietnam's air defenses early and equipment in long-range Russian-made S-300 air defense missile system

March 25 Global Times reported that Russia's "Herald" reported March 23, Russian Defense Minister Sher long quebracho recent visit to Vietnam, with Vietnamese Defense Minister Feng Guangqing on the 2020 arms purchase agreement to hold consultations. Reported that Vietnam could become the second largest buyer of Russian weapons.

Vietnam and Russia discussed a total of three issues: the supply of arms, military departments and units of the linkages and training of Vietnamese experts in Russia. Shell said the long-quebrada ,2008-2009 Russia to sell 4.5 billion worth of weapons, including the Su-30MK2, "Lightning"-class missile corvettes, "cheetah" class frigates and six 636-type submarines. Vietnam currently interested in buying Russia's anti-missile systems such as Tor and S-300 and so on.

Russian experts said that if taken into account in Vietnam in 2010 to buy 12 Su-30MK2, since 2008, Vietnam has been purchased more than 5.5 billion U.S. dollars of Russian weapons. If we take into account the purchase of air defense system facilities in a deal worth up to 40 billion U.S. dollars. Therefore, Vietnam is expected to become Russian weapons after India's second-largest country of purchase.
 

A United Nations report said that some major cities in the world, began to "merge" to form a more large-scale "mega-cities area" hundreds of kilometers of its geographical extension of life in which the population may be more than 100 million. Responsible for human habitation, the planned United Nations-Habitat, said the so-called "infinite expansion of the city" may be at present the most significant development in human society, is also one of the problems.

The world's first mega-city district was born, from Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, the composition of about 100 million live in population of 20 million. Photo Source: NASA.

NetEase reported March 25 to explore a United Nations report said some of the world's major cities began to "merge" to form a more large-scale "mega-cities area" hundreds of kilometers of its geographical extension of life in which the population may be more than one 100 million. Responsible for human habitation, the planned United Nations-Habitat, said the so-called "infinite expansion of the city" phenomenon may be at present the development of human society, one of the most significant, it could be one of the problems. In the next 50 years, humans might have to in which they live, and its economy rely on this to develop. The sector in their semi-annual "World's Cities Report" is being elaborated in detail in the development of mega-cities that trend.

Published in the World Urban Forum (being held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) in a report that these mega-cities area is located in one of the largest of China's Hong Kong - Shenzhen - Guangzhou region, including about 100 million live in 20 million people. Some other appeared in Japan and Brazil, in India, West Africa and other regions, mega-cities group is also taking shape.

Last year, more than half the world's population living in cities, and this trend (refer to the formation of mega-cities area of this phenomenon) such that we eventually crossed a critical point (urban formal than in the countryside). The United Nations believes that the wave of urbanization is now unstoppable. UN-Habitat head Anna Tibaijuka • (Anna Tibaijuka) said that it has been fully beyond the urban population rural population, by 2050 there will be more than 70% of people living in cities. By that time, the developed countries only 14% of the population live outside urban areas, in the least developed countries this figure was 33%.

The emergence of mega-cities area is generally considered to have positive significance. The United Nations report, one of the writers Moreno (Eduardo Lopez Moreno), believes that now is the mega-cities area rather than the general sense of the city in the creation of wealth.

Moreno said the study shows that the world's largest accounted for only 40 mega-cities of our planet, a small part of the area, just for less than 18% of the world's population, but they are involved in 66% of global economic activity and about 85% of the scientific and technological innovations. The world's top 25 cities have more than half the world's wealth. He added that in India and China, the five largest cities now have 50% of the wealth of these cities.

That the influx of immigrants in large cities in the promotion of economic development, it is also affecting the rural economic development. Moreno said that the vast majority of wealth in rural areas from urban areas and that people "get their money back" (meaning making the city people's money). The emergence of mega-cities area also lead to an unprecedented expansion of the city over the issue, the new emergence of a large number of slums, and when more and more people move to satellite or suburban residential development triggered by imbalances and income inequality.

Authors, for example, between 1975-1990 in Los Angeles area expanded three times, while the population grew by 45%. Expansion of the city is now more in developing countries, mainly because the local real estate outside the city in the traditional implementation of the "enjoyment of a world-class way of life" caused by the activities. They added that the city's over-expansion is a sign of division and abnormal, not just a waste of the problem, this also means more transportation costs, greater energy consumption, more and more arable land resource requirements occupied.

Moreno said that the more uneven urban development, because economic development caused by the gap between the social and political tension, the higher the risk. Over-expansion of urban unrest the possibility of even greater. Most of the economic prosperity of those cities are those that a more balanced (the size of the gap between urban and moderate income) from the city. World Cities in a sample of the survey, the United Nations staff members found that unbalanced the world's fastest city in South Africa. Johannesburg, South Africa, is considered the world's fastest uneven city, East London, Bloemfontein and Pretoria not far behind.

Latin America, Asia and Africa cities is generally considered the development of more balanced, but mainly because they are the same as the poor, without exception, they have a large number of slums and poor sanitation. Dhaka and Chittagong in Bangladesh is considered egalitarian city. For New York, Chicago and Washington, the uneven distribution of urban social development led to the beginning of America's most unequal societies in the world, it is even better to Congo (Brazzaville), Brazzaville. Managua, Nicaragua, and the Davao City PHILIPPINES.

In the United States and the marginalization of some parts of the purposes of apartheid has created a another city within a city. The most affluent 1% of the households earned money is the poorest 20% of people 72 times. In the United States on the other side, the poor black families gathered in a large number of slums, the lack of quality education, safety, you can make money work and political participation rights.

"Never stop expanding city"

City break through their own restrictions on the development of a more large-scale mega-cities area, both with the substances, but also with the economy-related. On the one hand promoted the expansion of their economic development, on the other hand has brought the city's anxiety and unrest. The largest mega-cities of those areas are as follows:

1, Hong Kong - Shenzhen - Guangzhou, China, 100 million population of 20 million.

2, Nagoya - Osaka - Kyoto - Kobe, Japan, 2015, is expected to exceed 60 million population

3, Rio de Janeiro - Sao Paulo, Brazil, 43 million people

The same trends in those fast-growing urban corridor on a larger scale there.

1, West Africa, 600 km long connecting the city with Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana to promote the local economy.

2, India, from Bombay to Tehran.

3, 4 connected to mega-cities in East Asia and 77 more than 20 million people in separate cities from Beijing to Tokyo via Pyongyang and Seoul areas.
 

Serv-U is one of the many FTP server software. Through the use of Serv-U, users can set any one PC into an FTP server, so that the user or other users will be able to use the FTP protocol, by the same network any one PC with the FTP server connection, files or directories to copy, move, create, and delete and so on. here is specifically mentioned in the FTP protocol is used to define the file transfer between computers of standards and rules, it is such as FTP because of a special agreement, it makes it through different types of computers, using different types of operating systems, different types of files with each other to pass.

Changes in Serv-U 9.4.0.0, released March 23, 2010:
Features:
    * Added Portuguese (Brazil) Web Client support.
    * Updated Spanish strings.
    * Added Spanish Management Console help translation.
    * Added the ability to disable user accounts at the group level as well as at the user level.
    * Added new static font properties to the Management Console and Web Client for better visual appearance.
    * Added dynamic sizing in the Image Preview dialog for better visual appearance when using different screen resolutions.
    * Changed Domain Administrators so that they can view information about themselves.
    * Improved hover events for dialogs in the Management Console and Web Client to decrease CPU usage.
    * Changed the log file lines when listening on "<<Any IP Address>>" so that the "0.0.0.0" IP address is shown and all IP addresses are shown in parentheses.
    * Added IPv6 addresses to the Serv-U Tray's About dialog Network Information page.
    * Changed the STOU (store unique) FTP command to accept and return full paths instead of using the current directory only. When a full path is not specified the current working directory is used. This is to remain consistent with Serv-U versions <= 6.4.
    * Changed the STOU (store unique) FTP command 150 response to include the full path name of the new file. This is to remain consistent with Serv-U versions <= 6.4.
    * Changed FTP PORT connections back to the client to be more forgiving. RFC 959 (section 3.2, paragraph 1; section 5.2, paragraph 2) requires the socket to bind to the command channel port -1 (L-1). However, in Windows, this may cause the socket error WSAEADDRINUSE (10048). When this specific error occurs on the data channel, Serv-U attempts to connect without binding to the command channel port -1 (L-1).
    * Added an FTP LIST / NLST command option to list a specific file's full path name as part of the listing when a specific file's listing information is requested.
    * Added a directory listing setting for server-side sorted listings using natural language comparison like Windows Explorer (ie, FTP and SSH listings). This setting is available at the server, domain, user, and group levels. The default is enabled.
    * Added an error message when attempting to use the tray application's menu option to change the Windows service setting fails.
    * Signed Serv-U.exe and Serv-U-Tray.exe so that Windows recognizes Rhino Software, Inc. As the publisher.
    * Updated Microsoft DLLs to the latest release.
    * Updated OpenSSL libraries from 0.9.8k to 0.9.8m.
    * Updated zlib (compression) library from 1.2.3 to 1.2.4 and built with Developer Studio 2008.
    * Updated the FTP Voyager JV code certificate, which now expires on March 10, 2013.
    * Added a timestamp to the signing of FTP Voyager JV's JAR files allowing the Java Runtime to validate FTP Voyager JV's JAR files after their certificate's expiration date.
    * Changed the FTP Voyager JV "Save Login" dialog controls so they cannot be changed to reflect a different configuration other than the current login information.
    * Changed the layout of the FTP Voyager JV "Save Login" and "Preferences" dialogs to a standard layout.
    * Updated the FTP Voyager JV JIDE user interface library to version 2.7.7.
    * Changed the User Collection Combo box to locale sort its contents upon loading of the user pages in the Management Console.
Bug Fixes:
    * Corrected a bug where Serv-U could crash with a very large number of concurrent HTTP requests.
    * Corrected a bug where Serv-U could crash when HTTP command and / or reply screen logging was enabled and the log tab was selected.
    * Corrected a bug where it was possible to change the local administrator configuration by changing server settings, causing undesired results for tray application administration.
    * Corrected a bug where requiring reverse DNS to login at the server level, would cause tray configuration to become unavailable.
    * Corrected an Integration DLL bug where Serv-U would not recognize loaded group names.
    * Corrected an internal file security check where it was possible for domain read-only administrators to gain access system level files. Other internal checks would have prevented access to unauthorized data. This was a very minor security bug which had no affect on Serv-U's overall security.
    * Corrected a security bug when importing users, restricted administrators could create user accounts outside their home directory.
    * Corrected a security bug when exporting users, restricted administrators could see a user's full path for home directory, virtual paths, and directory access rules.
    * Corrected a security bug where a restricted domain administrator could create a user or group that was not locked in the user's home directory.
    * Corrected a bug where CIDR IP access rules were not being interpreted correctly for deny rules.
    * Corrected a bug where Windows Users, granted administrative privileges, and didn't have write permissions to Serv-U's data directory, Serv-U was unable to save its configuration changes.
    * Corrected an SSL shutdown bug where an open SSL socket was being closed while the server and client were performing an SSL shutdown exchange (SSL_shutdown ()). This problem appeared when listing very large directories with certain FTP clients using GnuTLS.
    * Corrected a bug where toggling FIPS 140-2 mode would not work. Restarting Serv-U would change to the desired FIPS mode.
    * Corrected a licensing bug where sessions that were not logged in were being counted against the license.
    * Corrected an FTP bug where Serv-U was not returning an error response to LIST, MLSD, RETR, THMB, STOU, or STOR when a data channel had not been specified with either the PORT or PASV command.
    * Corrected an FTP LIST / NLST switch processing bug when specifying a directory format (-h: DOS,-h: IIS,-h: UNIX) any following path names would be ignored.
    * Corrected a logging bug where system administrators were being identified as domain administrators.
    * Corrected a database problem when using PostgreSQL and adding columns to tables. PostgreSQL's syntax for adding multiple columns to a table is different than other SQL servers requiring the "ADD COMMAND" text before each new column name.
    * Corrected a bug where the "FileTransferStats_BytesUploaded", "FileTransferStats_BytesDownloaded", "FileTransferStats_FilesUploaded", and "FileTransferStats_FilesDownloaded" columns were not being written to the database with the other runtime statistics for database users. File transfer statistics were being cleared when viewing database user statistics after the last session for a user logged out. This bug was introduced in 9.2.0.1.
    * Corrected a bug when deleting a database group, user membership in that group was not being deleted.
    * Corrected several minor database user and group bugs.
    * Corrected a bug where the user added and deleted events were not being fired for administrator users with these events.
    * Corrected a tray application service installation / removal problem from the when UAC was enabled, Serv-U was unable to switch from being started as a service to stand-alone and stand-alone to a service.
    * Corrected two string formatting errors in the Spanish translation.
    * Corrected one string formatting error in the Swedish translation.
    * Corrected a Web Client bug where the browse button on the upload dialog was partially hidden when using Firefox on Linux Fedora.
    * Corrected a Web Client bug where the background for the Image scroll buttons in the Image Preview dialog were not transparent in Internet Explorer 6.
    * Corrected a Management Console and Web Client bug where dialogs would be placed too high when the page was scrolled down.
    * Corrected a Management Console bug where clicking repeatedly on the "Add" button in the users' page then pressing the "Cancel" button in the user dialog would cause a script error in Internet Explorer.
    * Corrected a Management Console bug where combobox lists would pop-up at the wrong position on the page when using a Google Chrome or Safari browser.
    * Corrected a Management Console bug where the "Member of Groups" list, in the user properties dialog, was not showing all groups when the list reached a certain size.
    * Corrected a Management Console bug where combobox lists could become too large and span past the viewable display area with no scrolling available.
    * Corrected an FTP Voyager JV bug where the "Login" dialog would fail to launch if an error occurred during an automatic login operation.
    * Corrected an FTP Voyager JV bug where the "Save Login" dialog "Is Secure" check box was not checked when connected securely.
    * Corrected an FTP Voyager JV bug where a file or folder name would not revert back to the original file name if a rename operation failed.
    * Corrected an FTP Voyager JV bug where the status bar was not showing the correct file path for certain local directories (eg, Desktop, Computer).
    * Corrected an FTP Voyager JV bug where the "Select All" and "Invert Selection" operations were causing the focus to move away from the file list. 
 Serv-U 9.4.0.0

Core Tip: U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense 22 in a speech said that the U.S. regional missile defense strategy is designed to cope with new weapons such as anti-access threats. The Pentagon with "anti-access weapons" to refer to the United States from China's coastal areas of missiles and other weapons systems. This is the Pentagon's first public reference to the use of mobile missile defense system in response to anti-access threats.

Data for: the National Day parade rehearsal on the Dongfeng -21 missiles, with the long-range cruise missiles, anti-ship ballistic missiles, such as technology development, China is right into the Taiwan Strait region has a stronger anti-access capabilities.

Data for: the U.S. military test-fired a missile standard -3, compared to the development of large and expensive national missile defense can be deployed to various theaters, and the regional anti-missile systems on ships obviously have a greater practical significance.

Global Times - World Wide Web March 24, according to the Washington Times reported that 23 reported that the U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense 22 in a speech said that the U.S. regional missile defense strategy is designed to deal with anti-ship missiles such as China as well as his anti - emerging threats involved weapons.

U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense William-J-Lynn (William J. Lynn) 22 issued a speech that the Obama administration deal with the priority objective of the missile defense "program involved the tactical use of anti-ballistic missile potential adversary."

Lynn did not specifically made in China, but the Pentagon has said that Beijing's military is to build a range of 930 miles of the new missile, which is equipped with precision-guided missiles, mobile warheads, enough to hit the aircraft carrier cruising in the sea or other vessels.

The Pentagon with "anti-access weapons" that the term to refer to the United States from China's coastal regions of the missiles and other weapons systems, especially those in the coming conflict in the Taiwan Strait to prevent the U.S. Navy to deploy troops rapidly to the west the Pacific Ocean to support Taiwan's weapons systems.

The latest version of the Pentagon's "Quadrennial Defense Review Report" said that in the next few years, the U.S. military, one of the main priorities will be ready in the "anti-access environment" in the fighting. In response, U.S. defense officials said that this is mainly targeted at China's growing military strength.

The Pentagon report said China's military power in 2009, China started since 2000 to build anti-ship ballistic missile, which is China's "enhanced beyond the border and enter the western Pacific, reliable, multi-level offensive combat capability," components.

Lynn said: "The similarities with the asymmetric threats, anti-intervention tactics aimed at subverting our conventional superiority. With the short / medium-range ballistic missiles, the growing proliferation of ballistic missile threat will be a gradual increase, which will make the U.S. military was forced to to stay on land or sea, and this risk is in turn might lead us further away from the battlefield, weakening of our traditional strengths. "

This is the Pentagon's first public reference to the use of sea-and land-based mobile missile defense system in response to anti-access threats. Lynn said that despite all the threats, but the United States in East Asia and the Middle East country's security guarantee "depends on our power projection capability." "In fact, we have entered a more complex, blended threats, a new era. In this era, state and non-state actors were waving the high-tech and low-tech weapons. "

Lynn said that the U.S. government "adaptive" missile defense system mainly includes the deployment of easily movable and equipped with standard -3 interceptor missiles and high-power radar, ships, and such as Patriot missiles and ground-based Terminal High Altitude Area Defense and other mobile operations, or Theater High Altitude Area Defense system.

Lynn said that the U.S. government in Alaska and California will continue to maintain a limited ground-based interceptor system to deal with North Korea and Iran may come from long-range missiles, as well as Russia and China, an accidental launch of missiles.

In order to counter the missile threat, the Pentagon will be able to restrain the development of the missile hit the United States and the ability to strike at U.S. bases and allies overseas, short-range missiles. In addition, the new anti-missile system must be thoroughly tested, and the price is reasonable, able to adapt to changing threats.

March 18, China's new large civil helicopters, AC-313 full flight successful. The machine uses an advanced turboshaft engines, composite rotor and fuselage structures, integrated avionics system, a number of indicators have reached the world advanced level. It is because of the use of the Canadian PT6B-67B engines, allowing AC-313 can not be used as a military anti-submarine helicopters.

 
AC-313 represents the technological level of China's overall progress of the helicopter.
March 18, China's new large civil helicopters, AC-313 full flight successful. The machine uses an advanced turboshaft engines, composite rotor and the fuselage structure, and general aviation electronic systems, realized by the second generation of Chinese helicopter to the third-generation improved.

AC313 helicopters used a large number of advanced technology and production processes. For example, AC313 helicopter rotor blade system uses advanced composite materials and titanium ball soft-style main paddle wheel, and the body of metal + composite structures, composite materials, the use of an area accounting for 50% of the machine. At present, Europe and the United States and other countries a new generation of medium-sized helicopter utilization of composite materials, 40% or more, we can say, AC313 helicopter has reached world advanced level in this area.

Helicopter Technology for China's delighted at the same time raise the level, while a news also reminds us that China also recently submitted a batch of cards purchased from Russia -28 anti-submarine helicopters. Of these anti-submarine helicopter is clearly the new Chinese-built surface ships supporting, which means that the main force of the Chinese Navy ships to card -28 for carrier-based aircraft will continue for some time, China's helicopter industry long way to go.

 
In quite a long time, straight -5 are the main force of China's helicopter.
The last century, 50's, from China to the former Soviet Union to introduce m -4 helicopter, on this basis, the success of direct imitation -5 helicopter, the aircraft production more than 500, to the 80s of the last century in China is still the main straight -5 Helicopter . In the 1960s, China began the development of first-generation anti-submarine helicopters, as the most important are equipped with China's first generation of dipping sonar -352 type started to develop, for which China would improve as a direct -5 dipping sonar test platform . 1976, 352 dipping sonar-based designs have been finalized, its technical indicators are comparable with the United States early models AN/AQS-4 type, China has accumulated a preliminary result of the development and use of anti-submarine helicopter base.

Straight -5 itself, however, due to adopt piston engine, power is small, noisy, fuel consumption high, army officers and soldiers have been known as the "sea tractor." Therefore, China's anti-submarine helicopter development work does not delve into the depths. As the Sino-Soviet split, China can not follow the introduction of the model, self-developed straight -6,7 two models are also slow because of technical weakness, so a longer period of time, the Chinese Navy shore-based, ship-borne helicopters, are in a blank state.

 
China in the 70 years the introduction of 12 Super Hornet helicopters, in service time has exceeded 30 years.
The need for ICBM test

The early 70s of last century, China's Dong Feng 5 ICBM started full preparations for ballistic testing, that is, 718 works. Taking into account the missile flight telemetry, data, salvage, etc. cabin needs, China imported from France 12 SA-321 Super Hornet helicopter, and modified based on China's first generation of carrier-based helicopters. In 1980, SA-321 carrier-based aircraft fleet with the pilot went to the South Pacific, the successful completion of the data and other experiments salvage compartment. On the basis of these aircraft, the Navy set up the first set helicopter unit. However, due to a lower tonnage at that time the Navy surface ships and a lack of ability to carry helicopters, these ship-borne helicopters, mainly in the space tracking ship is equipped with large meeting foreign ship mission.

Should be pointed out that the early 80s, China's second-generation anti-submarine sonar -605 dipping-type equipment in the Super Hornet helicopters carried out sea trials, after the modified anti-submarine helicopters to China has laid a solid foundation. 80 years, as China's naval air force blue -6 anti-submarine patrol planes gradually withdrawing from active duty, while the SH-5 have been delayed, not the troops, the transportation -8 maritime patrol aircraft with more limited number of circumstances, the Navy's decision to convert a group of super - Hornets anti-submarine helicopters, to fill the gaps in the PLA is not anti-submarine helicopters. Of these anti-submarine helicopters in peacetime as a shore-based coastal anti-submarine system, the use of the inner anti-submarine forces in wartime can also carry a large supply ship for the Navy surface fleet to provide a degree of air anti-submarine capability.

 
China modified Super Hornet helicopter, pay attention to buoys on the radar and A244S anti-submarine torpedoes.
Installation of the West dipping sonar and torpedo

Although the homemade dipping sonar in the 80s of last century has made some progress, but on the whole, with the level of advanced systems in developed countries there are still large gaps in the fight against nuclear-powered submarines in modern high performance is still lack of capacity. Therefore, the Chinese Navy was determined to use a favorable international environment, the introduction of some key equipment modifications to improve the Navy anti-submarine helicopters, tactical, technical indicators, and also can improve the new type of China-made dipping sonar of the development of a starting point.

According to foreign media reports, China in 1986 to the French Thomson Sintra Underwater Systems, Inc. purchased five sets of HS-12 dipping sonar and lambaro audio processing system. HS-12 dipping sonar weight of 50 kg, sonar cable length of 300 meters, its medium-range submarine detection of targets over 10 kilometers, all the equipment weight to no more than 300 kilograms, equipment is modular and detachable design, can be an hour to complete the installation and removal, change the use of helicopters. Equipped with a anti-submarine weapons in 1986 China imported from Italy A244S anti-submarine torpedoes, the torpedoes have to track ballistic trajectory and the fixed advance angle and two modes, and have missed the targets in case of a re-search capabilities, a range of 6 km.

 
Straight -8 Early models because the engine problems, no high-volume equipment, the PLA.
In 1987 the first Super Hornet aircraft modified anti-submarine helicopters successful maiden flight, ending the history of the PLA is not anti-submarine helicopters, marking the Chinese navy in the three-dimensional anti-submarine system have made another one initial results. Through the Super Hornet anti-submarine helicopters, training, exercises, so that the Chinese navy, especially with respect to air anti-submarine anti-submarine helicopters, has been characterized by personal feelings, can combine the characteristics of China's sea area, and make the appropriate tactical exploration and exploration with China after anti-submarine helicopters the development of valuable practical experience.

Engine failure caused by inadequate imitation

In 1976, China formally decided to mapping imitation Super Hornet helicopter model straight -8. In 1985, the first official flight test aircraft, the success of the national production of 1989 aircraft research, design finalized in 1994. However, due to the vortex axis -6 supporting the existence of the weight of large engine output power with low fuel consumption high, and short life expectancy disadvantage. A result, direct -8 never been able to be converted into anti-submarine helicopters, anti-submarine helicopters to replace Super Hornet, which has been in service of this century, and then the replacement card -28 anti-submarine helicopters.

 
SA565F Panther anti-submarine helicopters, is the "Dolphin" and carrier-based model.
The last century, 80 years, as China's establishment of naval coastal defense strategy to improve combat capability of surface ships far out at sea a key, and therefore must increase the capacity of ship-borne helicopters, in order to provide a more powerful surface fleet operations support. Therefore, China in the design of the second generation of destroyers and convoy ships capable of carrying a specific focus on ship-based helicopter combat missions.

The introduction of the rule of law SA565F Panther anti-submarine helicopters

Taking into account that time, China has already introduced into the SA365 Dolphin helicopter, the Chinese ship-borne anti-submarine helicopter, the introduction of selection in the choice of the French anti-submarine helicopters SA565F Panthers. Taking into account the military training operations, logistics support systems of the general nature of China SA565 anti-submarine helicopters once again selected the HS-12 dipping sonar, weapons continue to use the fish A244S anti-submarine radar. Anti-submarine helicopters and Super Hornet different time, SA565 anti-submarine helicopters can be done to airborne anti-submarine equipment, such as surface search radar, and sonar information obtained by a unified display, and can pass through the data link to the carrier.

 
China Direct 9C anti-submarine helicopters reference SA565, in the developed based on the straight 9.
Domestic Direct-9C anti-submarine helicopters

Reference SA565-type Panthers, the last century, 90 years China's Domestic Direct-9A helicopter started to develop on the basis of straight-9C-type carrier-based anti-submarine helicopters. However, limited by the engine, its development process was not successful, through the efforts straight -9 were designed in the shape of this century the armed forces. Direct-9C by reference for the advanced systems of its anti-submarine system with a good tactical and technical performance, and strong anti-submarine capability. Based on this information, direct-9C is equipped with anti-submarine system is an early adopter of the data bus of the avionics system, equipped with a mission computer, search radar, dipping sonar, Doppler navigation, GPS receiver and air data computers and wireless high degree of the table and so on, with full search and attack capability, possible to achieve autonomous navigation and positioning, greatly improved Anti-Submarine aircraft and anti-submarine capability. Direct-9C also can be equipped with data links to connect the terminal with the ship set out to form a unified anti-submarine system, with anti-submarine patrol and on call capacity.

 
Direct-9C, when combat capabilities of modern high-performance nuclear-powered submarines still not enough.
Direct-9C load / range performance of less than

The successful development of straight-9C, which shows that China already has its own development, production capacity of anti-submarine helicopters. However, as the aircraft itself, or with certain limitations of their straight-9C of the take-off weight and SA565 roughly the same, are about 4.2 tons. Therefore, the straight-9C in a series of indicators above, with the internationally accepted 10-ton Sea King, Seahawk far cry from, including the range, payload and other indicators, particularly the latter two have a larger space within the machine can be equipped with more anti-submarine mission equipment, including dipping sonar, sonar buoys, magnetic anomaly detectors, surface search radar and forward-looking infrared detection system, these devices in the fight against a quiet, good, shipborne weapons threats to the modern high-performance nuclear-powered submarines time is particularly important. Is that these nuclear submarines to fight when the need for ship-borne anti-submarine helicopters as much as possible extrapolation defensive zone, while taking advantage of various means to them a long time, continuous search and tracking can be achieved expelled, the purpose of destroying targets, apparently SA565 and straight-9C in the fight against the submarines, when lack of capacity.

 
China's latest anti-submarine helicopters, the introduction of the card -28, will be equipped with the recent launching of new ships.
The introduction of Russian-made anti-submarine helicopters card -28

90s of the last century, with the introduction of Russia in China in modern-class guided missile destroyers, China's formal introduction of the Russian card -28 anti-submarine helicopters. The aircraft anti-submarine helicopters, the Russian card -27 export-oriented, using greater power TV3-117BK engine, with a greater take-off weight and improved flight performance. Card -28 maximum takeoff weight of 12 tons and a payload of 4 tons, range 1,200 km, fuselage length 11.3 meters wide and 4 meters, 5.6 meters high, its airborne dipping sonar detection, sonar buoys, magnetic anomaly detector , electronic warfare systems, and surface search radar. The entire system is OSMINOG-PS search and targeting system control, hovering in the 100 meters height, 3 sea state conditions for the detection of surface targets, a distance of about 8 kilometers, and surface submarines as 30 km. Card -28 weapons ARP-3E for the two anti-submarine missiles or four OMAB-25-12D depth charges. Cards -28 straight-9C in size than the case of no significant increase in maximum take-off weight and payload to be much larger than the latter, especially with larger and larger range of detection systems can provide a larger area of defense and targets for a long time, various methods of search and tracking. This is facing a strong opponent to interfere in China's navy is very valuable, and it is why China made in achieving the anti-submarine helicopters that after the introduction of cards still to be -28, a new generation of destroyers and convoy ships are equipped with card -28 as the base design of the fundamental reasons.

 
AC313 performance depends on PT6B-67B engines, but also limit its use.
From the AC-313 flight test of the news of view, which should be in straight -8 developed on the basis of the civil utility helicopter. Although the aircraft with straight -8, compared with high security and performance of three anti-good, the cabin space for big, strong delivery capability and long range, manipulation excellent performance, wide application and so on. But I believe that the Chinese navy should not be a new generation of anti-submarine helicopters for the following reasons:

1, using the Canadian PT6B-67B engine

AC-313's engine is almost certainly the Canadian PT6B-67B engines. Because -8 is equipped with the original straight shaft -6 vortex engine power less than 1200KW, a considerable bearing on the high-altitude plateau performance, reliability and fuel consumption at the same time unable to meet civilian helicopter for safety and economy requirements, in particular, it does not have in 3000 m altitude above the airport takeoff and landing capability. The PT6B-67B's power to 1500KW, reliability, fuel consumption and maintenance intervals than the vortex axis -6 has improved greatly, especially in high altitude flight performance under high temperature conditions. As Canada continues to maintain the arms embargo against China, so its exports to China, the engine can not be directly used for military, so despite the People's Liberation Army is equipped with PT6B-67B engines straight-8F helicopter, but mostly for search and rescue, transportation, etc. logistical support and other purposes, modification, then the inevitable anti-submarine helicopters.

 
The new Destroyer and Frigate hangar to card 28 or a straight 9 as the base design, AC-313 size is too long.
2, China's active Destroyer and Frigate's hangar is difficult to accommodate AC-313

AC-313's size did not disclose the size of a straight -8 point of view, despite the maximum take-off weight of 13 tons and the card -28 is almost the same, but the fuselage length of 20.27 meters, fuselage width of 5.2 meters, height of 6.66 meters. -28 Cards, compared with the previous data, its size should be much larger than the latter, in particular the captain is almost 2 times the card -28. In this way, China has for the reference design cards -27 hangar in fact very difficult to accommodate AC-313 aircraft, in fact the PLA's equipment, ship-borne helicopter straight -8 for large-scale multi-platform supply ships, destroyers and convoy ships rarely for the application of the platform. In this way, we will not be difficult to understand why the AC-313 first flight around the corner, the Chinese navy still want to continue to import cards -28 anti-submarine helicopters.

China's urgent need to develop 10-ton military helicopter

Of course, China's AC-313 project is not without its income, the adoption of the Chinese needed to validate the next generation of helicopter technology, including the previously mentioned composite rotor and fuselage, integrated avionics systems, digital design and manufacturing, so that In the new model could have been avoided because of excessive use of new technologies, which leads to the difficulty and cost of development of surge situation.

 
S-70B of this size, tonnage, the helicopter better suited the needs of the Chinese navy.
Then the Chinese how to develop the next generation of anti-submarine helicopters? I humble opinion, still think that 10-ton utility helicopter as a platform to carry out any modification more appropriate. Similar models from abroad, two kinds of NH-90 and S-70B of view, their body after they folded in the end beam of 13 meters wide and 3 meters if so, about 4 meters high, it can be easier on the People's Liberation Army naval available to card-based device -28 machine library. At the same time the level of helicopter missions in the 3-4 tons of payload, range up to 700 km above can be equipped with more Anti-Submarine and anti-submarine equipment, with the fierce battle against the high-submarine capabilities. At the same time 10-ton utility helicopter is also a much-needed model of China Army Aviation, the existing imports from the United States S-70C Black Hawk helicopters have been used for many years, aging body and the main structure of the urgent need to replace. And that the type of engine can also be used in China dedicated armed helicopters, troops of the armed forces in order to achieve model simplification, to avoid excessive model brought back maintenance, training, operational inconvenience, and associated increase in unnecessary expenses.

The problem now is that the key to whether China can achieve this level PT6B-67B engine in China. In other words, the future of domestic turboshaft engine power to achieve 1500KW (NH-90 of the RTM-322 and S-70B, AH-64 of the T700 are at this level), and in reliability, longevity, maintenance intervals, fuel consumption, etc. indicators are greatly improved and can made 10-ton GM, anti-submarine warfare and special armed helicopters to provide a strong impetus to guarantee.

From the fourth-generation fighter aircraft to large transport, and to upgrade the existing FT -11,10, to this new generation of Chinese helicopters, we can see, domestic air platforms are facing a puzzling illnesses - the engine! Aviation turbofan, turboshaft engine has been blocked in China's military aviation platform, the localization of a stumbling block on the road. "Air revitalization, power first" should no longer be a slogan, the Chinese people must be down to earth, tough but not abandon the spirit to solve practical problems.
 

Core Tip: According to the United Kingdom, "Jane's Defense Weekly" reported March 22 that while China claimed to launch March 5, "Remote Sensing Satellite on the 9th," will be mainly used for scientific experiments and other civilian areas, but there are indications that the satellite's The main task may be maritime surveillance. The satellite and other systems may constitute an intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance network, used for anti-ship ballistic missiles targeting the data provided.

March 5 march on the 4th C launch remote sensing satellite launch 9.

February 17 evening news longer appear fairing, from time to judge is the use of remote sensing satellites on the 9th. May be carrying a number of satellites positioning satellite positioning system that required for the composition of three weeks.

Schematic diagram of the fight against maritime targets.

Global Times reported March 24, according to the United Kingdom, "Jane's Defense Weekly" reported March 22 that while China claimed to launch March 5, "Remote Sensing Satellite on the 9th," will be mainly used for scientific experiments and other civilian areas, but there are signs shows that the main task of the satellite could be maritime surveillance.

C march on the 4th March 5 launch vehicle from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center sent a "remote-sensing satellite monitoring on the 9th."

Reported that, although the Chinese state media reported that the "remote-sensing satellite on the 9th" will be "mainly used for scientific experiments, land resources surveying, crop yield assessment and disaster prevention and reduction and other areas", the satellite may indeed play such a function, but there are signs show that it is probably the main task of military maritime surveillance.

The report also said the remote-sensing satellite on the 9th by the three satellites, it may include a main satellite and two small satellites. The main satellite altitude 1085 × 1099km, two small satellites in its vicinity, three satellites are in orbit inclination of 63.4 degrees. This multi-satellite orbit and coverage in the layout and the United States Navy ocean surveillance satellite system (NOSS) similar to the way adopted. These are China's satellite surveillance capabilities with a sign.

China will work closely the layout of multiple satellites to carry out marine surveillance, will help the signal transmitted by electronic or triangulation to locate targets on the sea. The main satellite is likely to also contain optical / multi-spectral and radar installations.

Sources have also speculated that remote-sensing satellite on the 9th may constitute an intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance as part of the network, the network will include the shore-based-the-horizon radar, passive surveillance systems, airborne early warning and control aircraft and the future long-range unmanned aircraft, in order to provide the desired anti-ship ballistic missiles targeting data.

Core Tip: Russian Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov on March 23 to begin an official visit to Vietnam. Russia's Defense Ministry sources, the purpose of this visit is to further development of Russian-Vietnamese military-technical cooperation between the two countries relations. Vietnam to buy Russian arms in recent years, the amount of climbing to new heights in 2009 reached a record 3.5 billion U.S. dollars; but only in the first quarter of the total contract value of arms sales to Russia and Vietnam is already more than 1 billion U.S. dollars.

Data Figure: Vietnam had earlier ordered six Russian Kilo-class submarines

Data Figure: Vietnam Air Force's Su -30 fighter-bombers, Vietnam, the existing Su-12 fighter jets -27/30 series, there are still 20 in the subscription.

Global Times - World Wide Web March 24 reported that, according to Russia's Times Online website reported that Russian Defense Minister Anatoly - Anatoly Serdyukov on March 23 to begin an official visit to Vietnam. During the visit, he will meet with Vietnamese State President and the Secretary of Defense meeting.

According to Russian Defense Ministry sources, Russia and Vietnam to further develop military-technical cooperation between the two countries relations will be Serdiukov one of the main purpose of this trip. In the Russian defense industrial complex seems that the Russian Defense Minister's visit on behalf of the state to sell more weapons - Russia, China and India in the consolidation of the arms trade links, while also actively expanding in this highly potential market in Vietnam .

According to the Russian official statistics, the recent synchronized, Russia and Vietnam in recent years, the total value of signed contracts on arms sales to record highs. According to statistics, Russia's arms exports to Vietnam in 2008 total just more than 1 billion U.S. dollars, while in 2009 it reached a record 3.5 billion U.S. dollars. Some experts believe that Russia's total arms trade between China and Vietnam is expected to achieve better results in 2010 - only in the first quarter of this year, Russia and Vietnam signed a contract the total value of arms sales is already more than 1 billion U.S. dollars. Since the second half, Russia and Vietnam have signed a series for the sale of the air force, navy and air defense equipment contracts.

The Vietnamese side also recently introduced its own to the Russian armed forces development plans. It is reported that Vietnam will focus on the development of the future submarine force and naval aviation. At present, Russia and Vietnam Navy has already started to cooperate in the field of submarine rescue. Vietnam has now become Russia's third-largest in the Asia Pacific region, sales technology and equipment export market, its size after India and China.

Vietnamese Defense Minister recently in meeting the visiting Russian Deputy Secretary for Military and Technical Cooperation, said that Vietnam will continue to expand with Russia in the scale of military technology cooperation, in particular, the Vietnamese side will take into account imports from Russia 6 "Kilo - "Class diesel-powered submarines (the total value of up to 18 billion dollars), a large number of new fighters, a modern air defense systems and a host of other equipment.

Analysts have predicted that Vietnam in the coming years is expected to become Russia's second largest field of military technology partner, second only to India. Russian military-technical cooperation, Deputy Secretary Alexander - Firmin also expressed support for this prediction. He pointed out: "At present, Vietnam is the Russian military and technical cooperation in the area of the fifth-largest partner, after India, China, Algeria and Venezuela. With the Vietnamese side to further expand co-operation is still being. Vietnam has become our strategic partner . While it is difficult to say it will be our first military-technical cooperation partners in several countries, but I think its likely to take second place. "

Beginning of the year, Russia and Vietnam have signed an offer to Vietnam 12 Su-30MK2 multi-purpose fighter contract, the total value of up to 600 million U.S. dollars. These planes will be delivered in 2011-2012. In addition, according to Russia's United Aircraft Manufacturing Company from the news person said that the Vietnamese military is also considering to buy Russian-made MiG -29 and Su -35 fighter possibilities.

Need to be reminded that the Vietnamese in January last year signed with Russia to purchase eight Su-30MK2 the contract, but before, the more the Air Force has been awarded a total of 16 Su--27/30 series fighter.

Russian helicopter companies in Southeast Asia on behalf of Dmitry - Weipuliya Japanese Yen has said Russia may be signed with Vietnam in the near future a large number of meters -17 for the provision of military transport helicopters.

In the naval equipment, especially submarines, according to Russian sources, the two sides negotiated the current contract negotiations to provide content and is not limited to submarines and training of personnel, but also for the troops in Vietnam to build the submarine coastal infrastructure.

Core Tip: Jane's Information Group Network March 22, 2010 reported that the Vietnamese rely on Russia for its fleet of small-scale surface to provide new equipment, but the recent intention to purchase a new submarine, the move will allow the Navy in Vietnam than in Thailand, entered the Navy in this region ranking.

Vietnamese Navy to buy Russian-made poisonous spider-class missile boats.

Vietnam Navy will buy a fleet of Russian-made Kilo submarines, which will greatly enhance the strength of the Vietnamese Navy.

China National Defense Science and Technology Information Network March 24 reported that, according to Jane's Information Group Network March 22, 2010 reported that location from the sea view, among the Southeast Asian countries, the two regional powers China and India, between the two countries by virtue of the economic and the demographic advantage access to global military position.

The north, China is a flexible financial strength, and constantly improve the underwater and surface ships of the size and performance; the west, India's slower but steady progress in an attempt to adjust their maturing fleet, the establishment of the local naval shipbuilding industry.

Those in Southeast Asia as a nuclear state will focus its national security. The region has the world's most important thoroughfare of the sea - the Malacca Strait, the Far East and South Asia, Africa, Europe, Middle East and other regions most of the sea must be through the arteries.

Naval forces of the Southeast Asian countries there is a big difference. Singapore has an economic and technological advantages to the construction of an advanced surface warships; Indonesia and Malaysia are also being adopted by foreign and domestic shipyards to purchase ships for the development of high-end combat system capabilities; Thailand has the region's only operational aircraft carrier, and can be mixed old-fashioned and modern frigates, light cruisers, in the middle level; Vietnam to rely on Russia for its fleet of small-scale surface to provide new equipment, but the recent intention to purchase a new submarine, the move will allow the Navy in Vietnam than in Thailand, entered the Navy in this region ranking.

Other countries, Brunei, Cambodia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, or through the patrol consisting of a small fleet for the offshore operations, or to rely on old light cruisers and ships donated by foreign countries to maintain the fragmented naval capabilities.
 

Core Tip: Yan Tsinghua University, Institute of International Studies, said Sino-US conflict and confrontation between the interests of far greater than shared and complementary interests. The phenomenon of instability in Sino-US relations to a large extent is that both sides unwilling to publicly acknowledge a conflict of interests of both sides is greater than common interests. The two sides want to maintain the current such false friendship, and this false friend of so that Sino-US relations are very unstable.

Yan is currently a director of the Institute of International Studies, Tsinghua University, doctoral tutor.

March 24 Xinhua reported in January 2010 Davos Forum, an international scholar from China, Yan and the United States for Economic, Energy and Agricultural Affairs Deputy Secretary of State Robert Hormats was in the same group to speak . Many people have asked the audience, the United States will the financial crisis and global governance to provide what kind of a common plan?

To see Robert Hormats has not answered this question, Yan took the question: "Your question shows that you respect the nature of Sino-US relations is unclear. United States is not a friend, there are many conflicts of interest and opposition. So how can the Sino-US relations in the global governance put forward a joint proposal? "

After someone Yan said: "Your answer is very realistic."

This episode quickly with the passage of time had been forgotten. In the next period of time, Sino-US relations good-bye for a year prosperous years of the "sunny day": the U.S. government to take Google out of the incident to attack China, through arms sales to Taiwan announced that, after Obama met up again in Washington, DC Dalai Lama, it is now predicted that Sino-US relations will certainly be on next month's issue of currency manipulation to launch a new round of war of words - the recent conflict in Sino-US relations have become the key word.

In the end what is the nature of Sino-US relations? We are familiar with the "cooperation is greater than their differences" seems difficult to interpret.

In Yan seems to be it is time to re-discuss the nature of Sino-US strategic relationship problems. After all, find out the problem, it is more conducive to maintaining the supremacy of national interests.

Elements is greater than the friendly against the elements

"International Herald Leader": You discussed the nature of Sino-US strategic relations, the Sino-US relations under the current situation more tense to discuss this issue what is the significance?

Yan: Back in the Clinton era, the nature of Sino-US relations is the focus of discussion. Because only a clear strategic nature of the relationship between the two sides, policy-makers can decide how to deal with each other to develop policy. If the two countries are friends, we must help each other; if a competitor, it is necessary better than the other; if an enemy, must find ways to prevent, contain and combat the other side. Right understanding of the nature of Sino-US relations, the relationship between the two countries what kind of policy responses to the other side of the stand. The discussion then formed a "neither friend nor foe," this definition, this statement becomes a United States policy is based on formulation against each other.

Today, the nature of Sino-US relations once again become worthy of discussion of the problem is because "neither friend nor foe," the statement has no meaning at all. Now the two sides need to be clear that "Sino-US relations is the enemy more than friends, or friends than enemies."

Q: What do you think is the enemy of Sino-US relations are more than friends, or friends more than the enemy does?

A: I think that conflict and confrontation between China and the benefits far greater than the shared and complementary interests.

From the interests of the dimensions of analysis, we can see that the complementarity between the interests of the United States, mainly in the economic level, we need the U.S. market to create job opportunities in China, the United States needs to maintain daily life of Chinese products; we need U.S. dollars to foreign exchange reserves, The United States needs China to buy U.S. bonds to economic recovery. Determine the complementary economic interests between China and is mainly trading partner and the relationship between the customer and the seller, not the joint venture partners. We want to buy American high-tech, the United States is not to us. Store sales and customer did not know, they do transactions. Such a relationship not to mention a friend. Even in the economic sphere, China and the U.S. there are also conflicting interests, such as exchange rates and trade imbalances.

In terms of security, Sino-US conflict of strategic interests between the much larger than the common interest. The U.S. arms sales to Taiwan in order to prevent the reunification of China in Taiwan, China opposes U.S. arms sales to Taiwan in order to achieve reunification of the country; the United States on China's coast, all-weather surveillance, to prevent China's naval forces in order to maintain its East Asia, especially in the military dominance at sea, while the China needs to develop its own navy to enhance coastal security, especially in East Asia, maritime security; the United States organized the Western countries imposed an arms embargo on China to prevent China from challenging U.S. global military hegemony, China should speed up the modernization of national defense, narrowing the gap between the military and the United States. With these direct conflict of interests of the security compared to other parts of the world's nuclear non-proliferation, counter-terrorism and peacekeeping, and the common interests of it is very indirectly.

At the political level, China-US ideology and political system, not the same. Even if the two sides set aside ideological differences, the United States at least to the Dalai Lama, "Taiwan independence", "East Turkistan separatists" and other separatist forces sympathetic to the conditions permit, under the United States still have to support the separatist forces. The U.S. government is not necessarily directly involved in all activities to split, but it is hoped that China, like the former Soviet psychology is the same division can not be changed. Thus, when it saw someone to split China, the United States must be reported with optimism about it. However, to safeguard national sovereignty and regime survival point of view, China's success in any case not be allowed to separatism. Therefore, in politics, Sino-US relations to the conflict of interest and only in a few issues with common interests.

From three different level, conflicting interests of the United States focused on a high political level, the complementarity of interests are primarily in low political level. This means that the core interests of China-US conflict in nature, the nature of the bilateral strategic relationship is greater than the friendly against the elements.

The Sino-US "cooperation" does not mean that Sino-US "friendly"

Q: Do you mean that now the positioning of the nature of Sino-US strategic relationship has gone wrong?

A: I was not sure that the two sides out of position deviation, I am that people put Sino-US "cooperation" misinterpreted as "friendly."

The phenomenon of instability in Sino-US relations to a large extent is that both sides unwilling to publicly acknowledge a conflict of interests of both sides is greater than common interests. The two sides want to maintain the current such false friendship, and this false friend of so that Sino-US relations are very unstable. Pseudo-friends relationship will enhance both parties to each other's expectations. When the other party can not meet their expectations, the two took place unexpected friction.

As the two sides unwilling to face up to their strategic nature of the relationship is greater than the Friends of the enemy, so the two sides between the policy objectives and measures for the lack of consistency. For example, both parties have claimed its policy objective is to improve bilateral relations, not that is to safeguard their own interests. The improvement of relations as the highest foreign policy goal, both sides will be that the other side should be concerned about the interests of the parties that the other party to the policy of compromise will be most conducive to improving bilateral relations. The result is that both sides believe the other unfriendly acts.

Foreign policy is to safeguard national interests, to establish friendly relations in order to achieve greater national interests, rather than the purpose. To improve Sino-US relations good for China, we should improve to improve Sino-US relations not good for China, we would not be improved. This reasoning is equally applicable to the United States.

Sino-US relations is currently the world's most important bilateral relationship, which is a fact. However, its importance is not entirely co-operation from both sides, but more important from both sides confrontation.

Q: What position should be how to express it is not easy to be misunderstanding?

A: I think the relationship is "positive rivals passive partner." A simple statement that "the enemy than friend." Current instability in Sino-US relations from a large extent, is "neither friend nor foe," Sino-US relations this statement conceals the nature of the enemy than friend. Today, Sino-US relations and US-Soviet relationship of the year. Competitive relationship between the United States, because there is no possibility of armed conflict, therefore low level of confrontation, but the year is the adversarial relationship between the Soviet Union. I thought, "the enemy than" Friends of the strategic ties are conducive to the stability of Sino-US relations.

To adopt a clear strategy, good for our country

Q: Based on "is not only our competitors have is a cooperative partner," the judge, do you think China's U.S. policy should be how to adjust?

A: I think the U.S. should adopt a clear strategy rather than take the ambiguous strategy. 90 mid-Taiwan Strait crisis, the Clinton administration put forward the "strategic ambiguity." This strategy and the "neither friend nor foe," the same concept has been accepted by the Sino-US strategic circles that the ambiguity and strategic decision-making more space. Which is in fact ambiguous strategy continued to cause crisis.

I think that to adopt a clear strategy, good for our country. Sino-US balance of power in the United States stronger. Ambiguous strategy to provide powerful decision-making more space than the weak. Of the strong terms, fuzzy means more hard-line, for the weak and vague terms means more compromises. In other words, fuzzy strategy for the United States mistakenly thought that the two sides of conflict of interest when I will make more of a compromise, which raised U.S. expectations. This is not conducive to the stability of bilateral relations. You want a stable Sino-US relations, it is best to adopt a clear strategy; adopted an ambiguous strategy, it should not look to stable Sino-US relations. Made clear what the issue of Sino-US competitors, in what issues are partners, which will help both sides understand each other's policy, the bottom line, to avoid the more bottom-line behavior, so that is not vulnerable to the crisis.

Q: My feeling is that if both competitors have been explicitly recognizes both are partners, is not it mean that China in some respects the United States to take a tough attitude appears to be more logical?

Answer: take a clear strategy and adopted a hardline policy of not the same. A clear strategy refers to the policy certainty, hard-line policy refers to not do any compromise. For example, the United States announced arms sales to Taiwan, the U.S. official has explicitly discussed in public: "We do not think China has responded to exceed our expectations." Understanding of the United States is based on Chinese arms sales to Taiwan opposed to only verbal, will not take action against the sale of arms. When China says U.S. companies to take action on the tailoring, the United States surprised that China's policy, tougher than before. "Ambiguous strategy" caused by the United States believes that China will not act against arms sales to Taiwan. If China made clear on any arms sales to China are both countries to take action in retaliation, not just lip service to protest U.S. sanctions against China would not be surprised that China would not be tougher.

Q: adopt a "clear strategy" can effectively curb the extent to which the United States violation of China's core national interests?

A: The clear strategy is conducive to the stability of Sino-US relations, but can not prevent the United States decided that the role of violations of China's core interests. 80s of last century, the United States can perform, "817" Communique on reducing arms sales to Taiwan this requirement because when China-US strategic relationship is a strategic ally. Now is not the kind of strategic friendly relations between the two sides, so the original policy becomes ineffective. What we need now is not the nature of Sino-US relations according to the reality of friends re-enact the U.S. policy, particularly against the United States arms sales to Taiwan and specific policies. 80 years of the last century, China's policy against arms sales to Taiwan have not prevented the United States continued arms sales to Taiwan, it continues to this policy will still be unable to prevent. We need a new policy.

"False friends" relationship will continue to maintain

Q: Can you predict, the next trend in Sino-US relations, a clear "enemy greater than the" Friends of the possibility of life?

A: I estimate that Sino-US bilateral relations and the enemy less likely to clear more than friends, still continue to maintain the relationship between the false friend. Obama, during the administration of Sino-US relations will not change the characteristics of ups and downs. Sino-US relations, the nature of false friends the same, sudden there will be endless contradictions. Contradictions, both sides and then the idea of restoration.

Barack Obama in power, the fake friends the nature of Sino-US relations will be more prominent. Obama is good to talk about cooperation, but poor people who fulfill their commitments. He can rapidly rising expectations of China to the United States, but soon it also enabled China to his disappointment. From the extent, Obama's reign instability in Sino-US relations will be less than the Bush second term even more serious.
 

Core Tip: one from China, written by students at the University graduation thesis explored "how to mini-grid sub-network by attacking the entire U.S. power grid resulting in ladder-type failure," has aroused great concern in all aspects of the United States. Some foreign experts pointed out that the article and can not pose a real threat to the real, because outsiders can not access the grid as a network node, an integral part of the identification information.

Data for: the United States, a high-voltage transmission facilities

Writing of how the U.S. media published attacks on Chinese student Wang Jianwei grid paper

LONDON March 23 report "The New York Times" and the well-known news websites Digitaljournal and other media are published March 21 article entitled "The United States into a paper on the Chinese awareness of being" news. The article said that an average student from the Chinese universities have written a dissertation on the attack on the U.S. power grid has aroused great concern in all aspects of the United States.

According to the article, one from China's Dalian Polytechnic University College of Engineering student Wang Jianwei, as regards the vulnerability of the U.S. power grid paper has caused the U.S. Congress and the associated media attention. The paper, entitled "How the United States stepped shortcomings of the grid attack" in the December 2009 paper published in international academic publication "Safety Science".

March 10, military strategist and China expert Wortzel (Wortze) informed the House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee, said the paper should draw enough attention, because the content of this dissertation is on "how to attack the United States mini-grid sub - network resulting in the entire U.S. power grid ladder fault "of the.

However, Wang Jianwei, the author of the paper at a later accept the "New York Times" interview, said he did not even think the question to be so sensational and "sensitive."

"I just wanted to do theoretical research." He added that the U.S. power grid was chosen as the object of study, the reason is very simple, because the U.S. power grid is the most readily available research data, while China has not announced any of its own power grid data.

But Wortzel said that this has nothing to do with the author's intention. "I mean, now the U.S. power grid in China is well-known shortcomings, anything people can make use of."

It is reported that since December last year, tensions between China and the United States has been intensified, when Google accused the Chinese government covert support to the large-scale hacker attacks, and any regard to China's United States, and network security-related events may be interpreted as harbor hostile action.

For example, this news, the crux of the problem is just a normal research papers. "Inside and the grid did not provide key details on hazard information", the University of Pennsylvania physicist reka - Albert (Reka Albert), said e-mail interview.

"Both authors of this article, or any other previous authors, have no access to the grid as a network node, an integral part of the identification information," he further said, that a paper could not have a devastating impact . (Drop-hui / Bo Shi)
 

Core Tip: Canadian-known international affairs columnist Jonathan - Mansioupu said that India hoped that Russia "Gorshkov" aircraft carrier was the best time for China's first aircraft carrier in the water before the delivery, it received 2.34 billion U.S. dollars costs. Not long ago, Putin's visit to India just 22 hours, Russia and India signed a 10 billion U.S. dollars up to a military cooperation agreement between Russia and India would appear to renewing the relationship between the enthusiasm of the Cold War era.

Data Figure: In the Russian shipyard to accept modified for the "Gorshkov Marshal" was second-hand aircraft carrier

Not long ago, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's visit to India in just 22 hours, the two sides signed a total of up to 10 billion U.S. dollars in military cooperation agreements

Global Times - World Wide Web March 23 reported that Canada "Vancouver Sun" (Vancouver Sun) 2010 Nian 22 Yue 3 well-known in Canada were published in international affairs columnist Jonathan - Mansioupu (Jonathan Manthorpe) article, the article entitled "Cold War, relations between India and Russia revived." The article mentioned that the Russian-Indian relations warming, recently signed a 10 billion U.S. dollars worth of military cooperation agreement, India hopes that Russia's "Marshal Gorshkov" was second-hand aircraft delivered as soon as possible, preferably in time for China's first an aircraft carrier into the water before (on delivery), India, Russia finally accepted the modification cost of 2.34 billion U.S. dollars. The article also mentioned that India Aini in Tajikistan (Ayni) airport, the establishment of the Air Force base in India's thinking is, if necessary, have the opportunity to help out before the base in western China and the Chinese supply lines to Pakistan.

The article first said earlier this month, Russian Prime Minister Vladimir - Vladimir Putin to India in continuous 22-hour visit to Moscow would seem to rekindle - the Cold War, relations between New Delhi enthusiasm, and the United States and China issued a reminder - the United States and China is not "the only dance partner." Putin's fast in New Delhi during the visit, worth up to 100 million deal was signed, Putin's visit to India was in December last year, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan - Singh (Manmohan Singh) to visit Moscow in a return visit.

The article goes on to assess said that the Indian and Russian leaders that the most meaningful is that reaffirmed the military equipment of Russia as India's leading role in the supply side, and to remind China (though China does not need reminding) - the pursuit of strategic dominance in Asia The process is not only a horse race field.

The article went on to say India is for the Air Force to buy 40 Su-30MKI fighters for the Navy's procurement of 29 MiG-29K carrier-based fighter. Singh and Putin also addressed troubling that in 2004 agreement on, when India and Russia signed an agreement to buy Russian re-modified for the "No. Marshal Gorshkov" aircraft carrier, in the modification of costs, from the initial agreement 1 billion U.S. dollars rose rapidly to more than 20 billion U.S. dollars, the relationship between New Delhi and Moscow, thus tightening. But India hopes that the carrier to deliver as soon as possible, preferably in time for China's first aircraft carrier to sea before (delivery), India is also used for the carrier to re-ship, named "维克拉马迪 Teia" was (INS Vikramaditya ), then, New Delhi finally agreed to a Russian offer to 2.34 billion U.S. dollars. Singh and Putin also agreed to joint development of fifth-generation stealth fighter aircraft, jointly Russian version of the Global Positioning System - "GLONASS" system upgrade, available to the Indian military.

The article added that for the Obama administration in Washington, there are still an important signal that New Delhi is not right to keep the former President Bush's US-India ties have great hope. Singh and Bush in 2008 signed a landmark significance of the agreement, this agreement is in fact India (nuclear power status) of the international recognition, the two sides in India's civilian nuclear industry to cooperate, the agreement public statements, expectations U.S. companies to become India's nuclear industry (nuclear industry) the main supplier of new technologies to become India's nuclear power plant construction side, India by energy constraints, urgent need for energy. However, the Obama administration issued a statement, and to create a new international nuclear non-proliferation system as the goal, Washington would be reluctant to approve the transfer of any nuclear technology to India, which nuclear technology has the potential dual use - civilian and military.

Putin and Moscow, there is no similar restriction, this agreement signed by Putin's visit to India, it is envisaged in India in 2017 prior to the construction of a total of 16 nuclear power plants has now been built in India 4. Russia is also provided to New Delhi, the world's largest uranium mine is one - located in Russia's Sakha Republic (Sakha) in Alcon (Elkon) uranium mine - of the shares, where uranium can be produced to provide fuel for nuclear reactors in India .

The article mentioned that the Obama administration in dealing with the war in Afghanistan and Pakistan, the problem in the way of terrorists, Singh Government has maintained a clear-headed attitude. Obama, the Government decided to war in Afghanistan and the Taliban base in Pakistan as a comprehensive issue to deal with, this is the famous "Afghan - Pakistan policy" (Af-Pak policy), but in New Delhi in view , Washington stirred up in order to prevent Pakistan's suspicions are hampering India in this complex region into full play (capacity and impact). India and Pakistan in 1947 gained independence from British rule has conducted a total of three wars in Washington that the Islamabad government efforts to use military force against the Taliban, have reservations about the issue, because it did not want to mobilize to monitor India troops. New Delhi is also feeling pressure on Washington to Pakistan to clear its territory anti-India terrorist groups is not doing enough, the article said, referring to occurred in November 2008 the case of terrorist attacks in Mumbai.

Article goes on to comment that "born again" in Moscow - New Delhi, where the relationship has its obstacles, not so completely enjoyable. The article said though India occupies the largest Russian arms sales market position, however, compared with the two non-military trade volume was down year after year, only 80 billion dollars. Putin said he would give India more opportunity to invest in high-tech industries in Russia, India's financial and information technology industry has an edge in the hope that greater access to Russian oil and gas industries.

The article mentioned that, in between New Delhi and Moscow, there is also another kind of friction, and that is India's efforts to exert influence in Central Asia, and even the establishment of military presence. Russia, as such as Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and other former Soviet empire in Central Asian countries a wind power for their own legitimate sphere of influence. India is not only invested heavily in "appeasing" Afghan President Hamid - Hamid Karzai (Hamid Karzai), as a way to keep in Kabul influence the way in Pakistan, New Delhi is also on the outskirts of the Tajik capital of Dushanbe, Geni (Ayni) airport, air base was established, the expedition established a base intent is twofold: in the supply lines leading to the north of Afghanistan to maintain a military presence, as New Delhi's influence in Kabul, "power muscle" while, in the When necessary, to make India an opportunity to pre-out to Pakistan in western China and the Chinese supply lines.

The article finally says, Moscow to New Delhi in its backyard plays a game of strategy "The Grand Chessboard" (Great Game) do not feel glad that Russia to persuade the Dushanbe government, Annie Air Force Base should transfer control of the action, Russia should with India's "share the responsibility."

Jonathan - Mansioupu (Jonathan Manthorpe) is Canada's leading international affairs columnist, has worked in Asia, Africa, Middle East and Europe have lived for many years, has won awards in many international journalists. In recent years, he has concentrated in Asian affairs, and now he is in Canada in Asia, especially China affairs experts, Canada's largest newspaper for many years writing a column on Asia. (Drop-hui)
 

Core Tip: British Ministry of Defense research and development agencies are developing a force field shield similar to the new armor will be a "super capacitor" and the combination of vehicles, armor, when the vehicle detects that attack comes, super-capacitor will be quickly armor to generate strong electromagnetic fields. The formation of short-lived, "Field Shield" bounce incoming artillery shells.

Data for: the structural principle of electromagnetic armor, which make use of electromagnetic armor armored box to enable the formation of a strong magnetic field of metal shaped warhead jet divergence, the armor-piercing capability, greatly reduced the jet.

Data for: the United Kingdom intends to install the next generation of multi-functional electromagnetic armored fighting vehicles

Global Times - World Wide Web March 23 reported that, according to the U.S. World News Network March 22 report, sci-fi film "Star Trek" where "Enterprise," Star Whenever in danger or unknown threats, will be raised "Field Shield" to protect Star. Now the shield will no longer be limited to fantasy, British media reported that British scientists are developing such a protective cover, the use of electrical energy pulses to withstand rockets, shrapnel and other artillery attacks.

"Daily Telegraph" reported that the British Ministry of Defense research and development institutions, "National Defense Science and Technology Laboratory" (DSTL), said they are developing a force field shield similar to the new armor, method is the "super capacitor" (supercapacitor ) such materials and armored vehicles, combined, making it a great battery. When a vehicle is detected attack comes, the energy stored in the super-capacitor will rapidly transfer to the coating on the armored vehicles, resulting in strong electromagnetic fields. Scientists to study this project said that the electromagnetic field will be short-lived, "Field Shield" bounce incoming artillery shells.

Although this protective shield can only maintain the fraction of a second, but if the timing accuracy, can prevent the crash when the explosion of rocket attacks. And "super capacitor" has quick charge function, can be immediately prepared to meet another attack.

This electronic armor a major advantage is expected to significantly reduce the weight of military vehicles and tanks. At present the vast majority of armored vehicles can not withstand rocket launchers, rockets can penetrate more than 30 cm thick solid steel plate. To withstand the rocket must be very heavy armor, but doing so will affect the car's speed and fuel consumption.

The use of new e-armored "super capacitor" materials, can be as thin as cloth, so the new ultra-light armored. But scientists still need to design a sophisticated tracking system used in conjunction with the new armor so that a shell hit the actuarial time to start the protective cover in due course.

Core Tip: Moscow and New Delhi are expected in the last few months for the Indian Air Force on a joint development of fifth generation fighter to sign the first agreement. Indian Air Force's fifth generation fighter will be developed based on T-50 two-seat model, with a total investment will reach 80-100 billion U.S. dollars, costs will be shared equally between the two countries. It is estimated that between Russia and India jointly developed by a new fighter list prices will reach 85 million to 100 million U.S. dollars.

Data Figure: Sukhoi T-50 is a Russian Air Force to build a single-seat fighter, and India's demand for two-seater fighter aircraft have greater access to

Global Times - World Wide Web March 23 reported that the Russian military-industrial complex, according to Web site reported that Moscow and New Delhi are expected in the last few months for the Indian Air Force on a joint development of fifth generation fighter to sign the first agreement.

From the Russian military-industrial system, sources said the Indian Air Force's fifth-generation fighter aircraft (Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft, FGFA) will be the Russian T-50 "the next front-line aviation aviation system," based on research and development, while Russia and India to the scheme The total investment will reach 80-100 billion U.S. dollars, costs will be shared equally between the two countries. It is estimated that between Russia and India jointly developed by a new fighter list prices will reach 85 million to 100 million U.S. dollars.

In accordance with the idea of both Russia and India for the Indian Air Force create the fifth-generation fighter will take place in 6 to 7 years after the start. It is reported that the Indian side of the enterprises involved in the development FGFA Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, while the Russian companies were involved in the Russian United Aircraft Building Corporation. Russia's military-industrial system, sources also revealed that, in addition to India, the Russian side will not be the fifth-generation fighter development program to find other strategic partners.

In accordance with both Russia and India had reached a preliminary agreement on terms, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited will be responsible for future R & D fighter aircraft on-board computers for the manufacture of new aircraft navigation systems, most of the information within the cockpit display and self-defense systems. However, the two sides of the main tasks of this joint project will be "Sukhoi" company.

Russia and India have already begun as early as 2000 on the joint development of fifth generation fighter aircraft to engage. Sukhoi Company Pogosyan told leaders of India's commitment to develop a new generation of Russian fighter performance will with the United States F-22 "Raptor" quite. As the development of new combat aircraft at very high costs, the Russian side alone will be enormous pressure to bear, and India would like to get production from the Russian fifth-generation fighter technology, the two soon develop a new generation fighter in the joint issue of reached a preliminary agreement.

However, Russia's first fifth-generation fighter aircraft of Russian Air Force prototype is basically in accordance with the requirements of design. As the Indian Air Force, the requirements of a new generation of fighters there are differences with Russia, the Sukhoi company will develop the same basic framework of the two similar aircraft. It is reported that Russian air force is needed is a single-seat fighter, while the Indian Air Force wants a new generation of fighters and Su-30MKI with the same two-seater layout.

According to the agreement reached by Russia and India before the two countries, India and agreed to purchase 50 single-seat-and 200 two-seat type of fifth-generation fighter, while the Russian Air Force also agreed to purchase two-seater fighter aircraft used for training. However, India is a need to address other issues, in particular, is how to make their own aviation industry do a good job of high-tech development and production of fifth-generation fighter preparation.

Core Tip: the Second Artillery Command College Professor Shao-Ling colonel, said in an interview nearly 20 years while India has been committed to missile research and development, however, and the more advanced countries to more than, in fact the level is relatively low. The first is India's missile bulky, difficult to maneuver; missile mentioned much a takeoff weight of not too high, not very easy to maneuver. Second, is the core technology is almost dependent on imports.

Data for: "BrahMos" supersonic cruise missile was launched moments.

Data Figure: In 2005, the Indian air show mounted three air-launched missile Brahmos Su-30MKI.

People's Network March 23 reported that a long time, India has been actively developing strategic nuclear forces, Dream "hegemony in South Asia." Since 1983, began implementing the "Integrated Guided Missile Development Program" has successfully developed the "Prithvi" and "Fire" in two series of ballistic missiles. In addition, in February this year, land and naval exhibition in New Delhi, the Indian army openly stated that in India, near the border between India and Pakistan could carry out the deployment of additional long-range precision strike missions, the "Brahmos" -2 ultra sonic cruise missiles, and hinted that more than the power of such missiles and similar weapons in China and Pakistan.

"Brahmos" -2 is still the core technology research and development stage belonging to the Russian

In order to meet the Indian Army attacked the ship and the demand, India's Defense Research Development Organization in the "Brahmos" cruise missile, based on the continued development of "BrahMos" supersonic cruise missile development -2. The missile on December 22, 2004 launched the first test.

Professor of the Second Artillery Command College Senior Colonel Shao Ling interview In an interview with reporters, said Ben Wang, "Brahmos" -2 can only say that research and development stage, but did not successfully developed. Have been successfully developed is the "Brahmos." "Bula" refers to India's Brahmaputra River, "Moss" is taken from Russia's Moscow River. This is a supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles. Supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles and cruise missiles on the general meaning is different. In a general sense of the cruise missiles, such as the U.S. "Tomahawk", China's "sword -10" are to subsonic flight, a range of more than 1,000 kilometers, using a turbo-fan engines. Some are subsonic anti-ship cruise missiles, using the turbo-fan engine; supersonic rocket engine is used is also a flight within the atmosphere, the speed very quickly.

"Brahmos" is a supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles, there are several models, such as ship-launched and air-launched and land-launched. Supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles, fuel-consuming, it actually could only handle a range of 300 km. As the "BrahMos" is a use of supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles, rocket engines, Russia accounted for technology components were relatively large proportion of the core technology is still part of Russia, and India is mainly involved in the development of some software. India is already equipped with the "Brahmos" cruise missile, but Russia did not use, because Russia has better weapons and equipment. India is not satisfied on this point, because Russia, as developed countries are not equipped with their own words, is bound to affect "Brahmos" exports.

Senior Colonel Shao Ling said, "BrahMos" supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles as -2, in fact, can reach five times the speed of sound, speed, faster means more is not easy to intercept more penetration capability. But is still development stage, and has not successfully developed.

India wants to implement a "surgical operation" on ability to mount strikes Su -30 "Brahmos" a problem

Indian media reported that the Indian Army plans to use the "BrahMos" missile -2 implement a similar U.S. "surgical" strikes, so the case does not send ground troops to destroy enemy targets deep. "Surgical" strikes is actually referring to a very specific target, direct to get rid of, not to say that launching a very large-scale operations, using a lot of strength. This is the speed of weapons and equipment, high accuracy requirements.

Senior Colonel Shao-Ling said, if the "Brahmos" -2 missiles can be fitted out in the case, would greatly enhance India's ability to strike surface targets. "Brahmos" range can reach 300 kilometers, and the general anti-ship missile is probably 100 to 200 kilometers. 300 km, can be super-vision combat, the speed quickly, which means more difficult to intercept. And if the "Brahmos" 2,5 times the speed of sound much more difficult to intercept. And this type of missile flight time at the end of a low trajectory, you can paste sea-level flight, it is not easy being detected by radar. Another missile shape, there are some stealth design, with some foil coating. For the Indian Navy's anti-ship capability, ability to attack surface targets, it could be a very big improvement.

But "Brahmos" air-to-ship there may be a problem, Shao-Ling Colonel introduction, India has said that "Brahmos" air-to-ship missiles could be loaded to Su -30 above, so it may be more to combat the scope of bigger. -To-ship attack and ground attack in fact nearly, only warship is a moving target, the ground is a fixed goal, can actually move, and certainly can play fixed. However, Su -30 can load "Brahmos", which is a problem. Brahmos heavy, almost three tons. In an aircraft mounted two three-ton missile, it is very difficult. Although Su -30 load capacity can reach 12 tons, but still more hanging. Therefore, India is sometimes exaggerated the extent of a lot bigger, a little bravado. This is inside the half-truths, we need to identify it.

"Agni" -3 range of remote-strike capability should not be underestimated

February 10 India's Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and the Strategic Forces Command (SFC) have completed the "Agni" -3-type ballistic missile tests, DRDO, president of V · K · 萨拉斯瓦特 and the missile Design a chief Avinash Chand deliberately stress is capable of carrying 1.5 tons of nuclear warheads, "Agni" -3-ready preparedness, claiming to cover the goal within a radius of 3,500 km, covering most of China's southwest region.

Senior Colonel Shao Ling said in an interview, in fact the "Agni" -3 or in research among the count of the February 10 test, the total amount is carried out three tests. The first failure, the second successful, this time also a success. However, a missile in order really reliable, have to need a lot of times the test, that is, very few number of tests can not speak for themselves. Throughout India's "Agni" series of missiles, "Agni" -3 range can reach 3,500 km, are still testing them, as well as the "Agni" -4 in the research, recently said that India wants to fire 5, specialized installation of nuclear warheads, India said to myself more than 5,000 km range can be achieved. Five or six thousand kilometers long-range missile operator in our country, but in India can be regarded as ICBMs. The present situation, India's overall level of the missile is not too high, test-fired Agni-2 in fact only three, they started production, and begun to be equipped, but in fact this is very ridiculous. In general, the missile has to go through 10 times, even the United States will go through dozens of tests may be able to equip. Engage in it is equipped with three, indicating that it is too anxious.

Shao-Ling colonel also said that from "Agni" series of missiles with a range up analysis of the surrounding international or influential, "Agni" -2 with a range of 2,500 km. Can actually cover the whole of Pakistan, but also can cover a large part of southwest China where. If at the "Agni" -3, a range of 3,500 km to reach a much wider range can cover China's central and north China. India's relatively large land area, the missile can be maneuvered closer to the target areas. It should be said, from "Agni" -2 to the "Agni" -3, for neighboring countries to combat the scope is still quite broad, strike capability can not be underestimated.

India's missile reliability is not high overall level of less

Although India has been working the past 20 years, missile research and development, however, and the more advanced countries to more than, in fact the level is relatively low. Senior Colonel Shao Ling cited just two points.

First, India's missile bulky, difficult to maneuver; missile mentioned much a takeoff weight of not too high, not very easy to maneuver. Although India's "Agni" -2, "Agni" -3 using rail-mobile, in fact the true sense of it and that is not a concept of the rail-mobile. Not as of the Soviet Union, like the rail-mobile missiles, and a train is equivalent to a firing unit, which installed two intercontinental ballistic missiles, a variety of equipment, all in the car, usually hidden inside the extension is not out of the need to fight when the can bring the train to open up. India's so-called rail-mobile, road mobility is very primitive.

Second, the reliability of India's missile relatively poor, the high failure rate. And this inside, it has a lot of technology or imported. Especially in the guidance area. Guided missile the core of a thing, the missile if the accuracy is not enough, there is no meaning at all. The accuracy is guided by the decision, but some of India's guided imported. Therefore, from the whole, the Indian missile technology on the low side.

Senior Colonel Shao-Ling, said the Indian missile warheads loaded question of fact, many foreign experts believe that India is now simply not to install a small nuclear warheads to the missile's ability. Because it engaged in nuclear testing in 1998, and at that time because there are a number of monitoring bodies, we find that it did not yield as big as it says on the description of nuclear tests in fact did not succeed, or do not completely successful. To put a missile equipped with nuclear warheads, is not simple, must be smaller. "Agni" -2, "Agni" -3 payload is a ton or so, it also reflects the relatively low level of its missiles, load is relatively small. Fact, while India staged a nuclear test, has also been a missile, but it does not combine the two in fact. Therefore, it's this so-called launch a nuclear bomb, or the meaning of a little bluff.

India's Anti-Ballistic Missile extended reading road

【Background Information】 India on the 15th of this month during air missile intercept test, failed to launch simulated ballistic missiles fired anti-aircraft missiles, the Indian authorities immediately announced the suspension of the intercept test.

Experts interpret】 【Shao Ling: India is now also the world's handful of countries to develop a missile defense system, its missile defense system is actually up from the last few years, mainly in cooperation with Israel, drawing a lot of Israel's East and West, in particular, early warning and interceptor mine. India's early-warning radar is purchased from Israel's "Green Pine" also purchased from France early-warning radar mast. It is also the Interceptor has been to Israel, so it's a missile defense system, the introduction of a little more than an element of comparison.

India's missile defense system is a two-tier interception, the so-called double-blocking, is that it can intercept the two is the first part of a high-altitude, if the high-altitude interceptor did not succeed, there is a low-altitude, the missile flew a parabolic shape, so it is a two-tier interceptor, that is, there is a PAD system, an AAD system, PAD system belongs to high-altitude interceptor, the first intercept, if it is not stopped, then there will be at the end of the AAD, belongs to a low altitude, so two interceptions, from the theoretical to said that the probability of interception would be higher. However, its overall level is not very high, because of this and India's own missile technology are. Because the anti-missile and defense requirements will be higher than the offense and technically more complex. Moreover, India is now the technology to several countries on the one: The French radar, Israel's radar, and it bought anti-aircraft missiles from Russia, so it is this system may be a compatibility issue.

Another one, India's missile defense system's core technology, although India, the technical level is still relatively high, however, it is buy it, not their own development. I think it's missile defense system may in future trials, including the use of time, reliability may be low.

The next five years, the US Navy will purchase 10 Virginia-class submarine core Tip: According to "Navy insider," March 19, 2010, U.S. Department of Defense recently decided, no matter how much financial pressure each year to buy two " Virginia "class submarine. It only shows the "Virginia" class submarines, how important can also see that the new operational requirements need to increase the class submarines.

Data Figure: U.S. Navy's "Virginia" class SSN-777 nuclear attack submarine, No.

China National Defense Science and Technology Information Network March 23 reported that, according to "Navy insider," March 19, 2010, U.S. Department of Defense recently decided, no matter how much financial pressure each year to purchase two "Virginia" class submarines. It only shows the "Virginia" class submarines, how important can also see that the new operational requirements need to increase the class submarines.

March 4, Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding president 迈克彼得斯 on Capitol Hill to convene a meeting of the submarine industry to "Navy close to the situation," said, "Virginia" class submarine project has been recognized as a model for submarine construction project, on the the need for more of these submarines, the controversy would not last long. He said: "The military is well aware of 'Virginia' class submarine task performance, the current 'Virginia' class has been discontinued. Frankly, we will be interesting to see the needs in operations and supply the increased demand will result in the Navy need more of the class submarines. "

In recent years, the U.S. Department of Defense had been planning since the 2012 fiscal year began to buy two attack submarines per year; in the "Virginia" class submarine project succeeds in cutting the price of 20% after the year of purchase advance to the 2011 fiscal year. The purchase plan is aimed at easing 20 years of this century that may arise a shortage of attack submarines (to 20 years, due to the aging submarine decommissioning, the submarine fleet, the total number to be less than 48).

In the February 1st release, "2011 fiscal year budget," before two weeks, Robert Work, vice minister of the United States Navy unable to journalists to ensure the next five years, the military may cut a submarine procurement plan (only purchase one), This will give a serious impact on labor force, and will exacerbate the shortage of submarines. However, this presented the "2011 fiscal year budget," formally identified for the next five years, annual purchase of two "Virginia" class submarine program.

Peters said that Northrop Grumman's employees and labor conditions to meet the needs of the construction of additional submarine. General Dynamics Electric Boat Company is located in the state of Connecticut and Northrop Grumman Newport News shipyard shipyard shared responsibility "Virginia" class submarine construction work. Northrop Grumman's face appeared over the past few years caused by welding a series of problems, these issues are not only over the "Virginia" class submarines, but also in other vessels (such as LPD-17 class amphibious assault ship). Peters convinced that these issues have become in the past, now Northrop Grumman's shipyard employees have been trained and re-accreditation, to avoid a similar situation from happening again. (China Shipping Information Center Jiao Chun-kun)
 

Scientists have for the Earth's major environmental indicators is to set a safe limit, if the break the limit, may threaten the Earth's habitability. Unfortunately, there are already three target the limit is broken.

"Scientific American" a cover of the new feature

Wen Zhen Earth: the health safety of the planet's limits and countermeasures

The balance of the Earth, has been broken?

NetEase to explore March 23 Scientists have reported that the major environmental indicators for the earth to set a safe limit, if the break the limit, may threaten the Earth's habitability. Unfortunately, there are already three target the limit is broken.

About a million years - from entry into the civil society and a new generation (the name of the geological age) started - we live in the world seems to have great people is hard to imagine. The vast land and sea borders has provided us with unlimited resources. Human beings can wantonly pollute the environment, while they can avoid the consequences of local environmental pollution, because they only need to migrate to other places on it. People rely on their ability to exploit those resources seem inexhaustible established throughout the empire, as well as the economic system, but will never be aware of the special rights and interests will be coming to an end.

However, thanks to the development of public health facilities, experience the industrial revolution and the subsequent post-green revolution, the global population increased from about 10 million people in the 1800s, soared to close to 70 million people today, the size of. In just the past 50 years, our population has increased more than doubled. Has been consumed by economic affluence, our use of resources has reached unimaginable levels. In the past 50 years, the global food and water consumption more than tripled, while fossil fuel use has risen to four times 50 years ago. We are now forced all photosynthesis on Earth is 1 / 3 and 1 / 2, hovering between (already consumes 1 / 3, consumption is going up 1 / 2 the direction of near).

Such reckless and wanton growth has been from a regional environmental pollution problems from escalating into a global issue. Stratospheric ozone depletion and greenhouse gas emissions are obvious complications, but there are many other harmful effects are slowly becoming prominent.

The speed of environmental pollution, resource consumption rate and extent of environmental damage, the sudden rise in the earth has been completely changed. We now live in a "crowded" world, while the resources and capacity to accommodate the waste are limited. In such an altered survival on this planet, is also bound to different rules of survival. The most basic, we must take steps to ensure that our systems in our environment, "safe space" activities. If we do not change our current model, we will cause catastrophic changes that could have devastating consequences for human beings.

Security space nine indicators of

Black Sea large-scale algal bloom (near the picture at the bottom of the green swirl) is the Danube (pictures at the bottom) will be entered into the agricultural run-off generated objects. Agricultural run-off material to kill the aquatic life - the natural association between key environmental indicators for an example, in this case, the ultimate impact of agricultural run-off materials of the land use and biodiversity.

So what would cause these changes? At the same time how humans can avoid them? One by the global research team comprised of scientists from Stockholm, Sweden rehabilitation center 约翰罗克斯 Terence (Johan Rockström) led the same time, including those from Europe, the United States (including me) and Australia and other places of scientists, most recently by answering a more relevant question to answer the question, namely whether humankind is approaching the Earth's "critical point"? More than this "critical point" will push the global environment a new, unprecedented at risk.

While inspecting a lot of physics, biology interdisciplinary research, the team identified nine environmental indicators, they may damage the collapse of the Earth's carrying capacity to human life. They then set up security for these indicators limits - in this limit can be safely within the human activities. Seven indicators identified limits, that is, through a scientific definition of the value (of course, there are some uncertainty). There are three indicators - climate change, ocean acidification and tropospheric ozone depletion - embodies this "critical point", while the other four index means that an irreversible deterioration has begun. There are two remaining indicators - suspended particulate pollution and global atmospheric chemical pollution - has not been extensively studied, so they are not yet set the limit.

Key environmental indicators should be maintained within certain limits, otherwise the security of mankind's survival space will be threatened. The shadow of the figure representing each target from pre-industrial levels began to rise, up to now the number reached. In which loss of biodiversity, nitrogen cycle and climate change, the three indicators have exceeded the limit. (The nitrogen and phosphorus cycles together, because they are often simultaneously) (translate and annotate: 1. Dobson units, more than one Dobson unit refers to standard atmospheric pressure one-thousandth of the thickness of the ozone layer cm, when the ozone layer, the thickness of the low in more than 220 Dobson units, ozone hole will arise; 2. aragonite, a calcium carbonate, aragonite saturation and rising levels of carbon dioxide-related)

The team's analysis shows that beyond the limit of three indicators: biodiversity loss, nitrogen pollution (eutrophication), and climate change. The same time, all other indicators are close to their corresponding limits. The limit value of individual indicators may need fine-tuning, while there may be other indicators of the future will be joined; However, these settings represent the world's most dangerous environmental conditions, the first conclusion, but also for us to think about how to control environmental threats, a conceptual framework.

Complications of fossil fuels

To understand the most pressing environmental problems of human causes, will give us clues to address these issues. In the two indicators - climate change and ocean acidification - a driver is too similar: the human fossil fuel use, the combustion process to the atmosphere a lot of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2).

Climate change. While our planet had already suffered from human-caused serious health warnings, while the future may have been more such warnings, scientists and policy makers are seeking to avoid the devastating consequences of the biggest ways the consequences of these terrible including the polar ice caps melt, the decline of freshwater supplies, as well as the collapse of the regional weather systems. CO2 levels have reached 387ppm (parts per million. Is based on the volume terms, commonly used unit of measurement), while on all greenhouse gases will lead to dangerous levels of climate change debate continues; CO2 safe limits to the recommended value in the 350ppm between 550ppm. In the scientist's analysis, set up a conservative, long-term limit 350ppm, in order to stay away from the Earth's climate and the healthy functioning of the critical point. In order to limit the current down to less than 387ppm, the world had to take immediate action to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions, and in the next few years, largely down to the current level.

Ocean acidification. Continuing non-stop ocean acidification, climate change, a few people know about twin brothers. With the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration, to form carbonic acid dissolved into the water the amount of CO2 is rising, which makes increasing the acidity of the ocean surface. Marine natural pH value of the fundamental is about 8.2 (translate and annotate: pH pH, neutral when the pH = 7; acid is less than 7, the smaller the greater the acidity; alkaline than 7, the greater the stronger the alkali. So it can see water is salty), but there are data show that the ocean pH values have fallen by about 8.0 degree, and continues to decrease (acidification). The team of scientists is used to quantify the damage caused by this change metrics the ocean surface, "aragonite" (aragonite) levels decreased (aragonite, a calcium carbonate, aragonite saturation and rising levels of carbon dioxide related). Many other animals - from coral to a large number of plankton, these organisms are at the bottom of the marine food chain - have to rely on aragonite to build their "skeleton" or shell. Increase in acidity could seriously weaken the marine ecosystems and food webs, which the countries on Earth provides another compelling reason to transition from the current economic model to a low-carbon energy future patterns.

The danger posed by food production

Human beings in order to grow crops and grazing have occupied 35% of the land on Earth, while opening up new land to expand agriculture is the primary motive, which is destroying the natural ecosystem. Because human land use practices, several indicators of safe limits are in danger of being exceeded:

Loss of biodiversity. Land development is making the Earth's history, one of the largest extinction of species. We are now faster than the loss of biological species in the geological record to see the natural background extinction rate of 100 to 1,000 times faster. This rate of loss of species in the global terrestrial and marine ecosystems can be found, and may gradually undermine regional and global scale ecological processes. Biodiversity conservation efforts, especially sensitive to the protection of tropical rain forests, need to be more people's attention. Such as the United Nations to reduce deforestation and forest degradation caused by emissions plan (UN's Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation program, referred to as REDD) initiatives and other organizations, developed a foundation to reduce the cultivation of tropical rain forests, while providing is committed to the decline in biodiversity, carbon emissions and other issues, and that such high efficiency.

Nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. Widespread dissemination of industrial fertilizers has wreaked havoc with the Earth's chemical composition. Use of chemical fertilizers to make the environment the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus cycle more than doubled, respectively, 133 million tons per year 10 million tons of nitrogen and phosphorus cycle rate. These two cycles through the creation of large, low-oxygen "dead zone", is leading to a wide range of water pollution, degradation of many lakes and rivers, and destruction of coastal seawater. At the moment the need for new agricultural practices to increase food production, and more new practices need to maintain environmental stability.

Fresh water consumption. On a global scale, we have every year from rivers, lakes and aquifers has withdrawn an incredible 2600 cubic kilometers of fresh water, of which 70% are for irrigation, 20% of industrial water, 10% of household water. As a consequence of the abuse of freshwater, many large-scale flow of the river has been narrowed, while some rivers completely dry. Comparison of image examples include the Colorado River, the river no longer flows to the sea; Central Asia, "Aral Sea" Now the majority turned to desert. The future demand for fresh water could be enormous. Global water use efficiency significantly increased, particularly in the improvement of the efficiency of irrigation water will help avoid a more serious recession.

Away from the cordon

A research team of this multi-published in a few months ago "natural" (Nature) magazine paper triggered a benign initial scientific discussion. Most people in this study gave high marks: a thoughtful attempt for the world to define a "Do not close" to the warning level experiment. However, we also harsh criticism by some scientists, these scientists have not even tried to set the limits of this idea can not be accepted; other scientists just do not agree with us to set specific values.

Perhaps the most important comment is that, by setting the limit, is encourage people to think about it, that is, as long as the maintenance of environmental damage is acceptable within the limit. Sake of accuracy, the scientists stress that this is not they want the proposed idea! The world community should not allow the action to be taken to limit the direction of the slow close. For example, if we can reach a target of the safe limits of approach of 1 / 3 is a boost, then this approach will have 2 / 3 will result in serious losses. We urge the people to smart enough and selfless enough to (in order to future generations) to make these environmental indicators as much as possible away from their security limits, because each indicator represents an environmental crisis.

Most of the criticism is acceptable, and we expect the team to many criticisms. We know that trying to determine the safety limits of the need for more research - especially in improving the specific values, we will continue to study. But we also think that this concept is of great power, and that will help provide an ideological framework within which society can reflect together on the environmental limits of human survival. Meanwhile, we hope that our findings will stimulate discussion of the scientific community, we have this look.

The solution began to

A comprehensive set of security the Earth's limits, should take into account the world as global sustainable development addressing economic, social and environmental requirements efforts. Community has begun efforts to address some of the challenges, but only based on a fragmented way, in isolation, a safe limit for each reflection. However, those who have a strong link between the limit. When a limit is exceeded, we also created pressure for other indicators of increased risk of those limits have been broken. For example, to break the limit of this indicator of climate change may cause species extinction rates. Similarly, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of water may gradually weaken the resilience of aquatic ecosystems, greatly accelerate the loss of biological diversity of ecosystems. The remedial measures as we intended, as an attempt to solve a problem once the practice is likely to fail.

At this critical juncture, scientists have only a simple definition of these issues and then think everything is all right is not enough. We also must begin to propose solutions. Here are some of the programs can be implemented:

From now on the economic model of the transition to an efficient low-carbon energy systems. Climate change and ocean acidification urgency of the problem requires us to make as much as possible to maintain stable levels of atmospheric CO2, preferably in the 350ppm below. This transformation first need to significantly improve the efficiency of energy use, and secondly the rapid introduction of low-carbon energy resources.

Severe restrictions on land-land reclamation and land degradation, particularly deforestation of tropical forests. The Earth's many safe limits, such as loss of biodiversity, it is clear from the uncontrolled expansion of the scope of human habitation due.

The introduction of innovative agricultural practices. There are several indicators, including those associated with nutrient pollution and water consumption-related indicators, are subject to our modern agricultural systems. The new practice is possible, including new plant varieties and precision agriculture technology, as well as more efficient use of water and fertilizer.

When the human implementation of these measures should be aware that simply does not exist a simple specification manuals to acquire a more sustainable future. When scientists study human economic system, political institutions and social action, they will write a new implementation of the principles of humanity must be clear that we are on the environment and human understanding of the process is very limited. Benchmarking-style or innovation of any type of practice, they help us to improve the natural and human systems resilience to face the very likely to happen, the impact is not expected to become more robust, we should also allow us to instructions environmental health and social needs to make changes in response (in order to make timely adjustments, rather than the deviation can not be corrected). In order to maximize the recovery of human will have to do our utmost so that we live in is riddled with problems of the earth within the safe limits.
 

Canonical has released Ubuntu 10.04 Foundation's first beta test version of its development code Lucid Lynx (alert the Bobcats), plans to release the final version in April. Ubuntu 10.04 will be a long-term support (LTS) version, which means the official release of its PC and server versions will receive three and five years of software updates to support. Although the developers of this new version of Ubuntu is committed to enhance the stability, but also increased the number of whom noteworthy new features and applications. One of the most striking change is the introduction of a new theme to replace the new Ubuntu theme is a comprehensive rebranding as part of the operation, the action aims to improve the visual recognition system for Ubuntu.

Canonical, the application development team Ayatana panel carried out a thorough renovation. Ubuntu 10.04 is introducing the panel to simplify the notification area of the new application indicating system. Panel for the application development team has also added a new Me Menu menu, used to manage instant messaging tool and social networking sites to send a short message. Lane has also added a new version of Ubuntu, a simple video editing tools Pitivi. In addition, in the midst of controversy, Ubuntu developers get rid of the popular graphics editor GIMP.

Application panel Me Menu adds a new menu for the management of instant messaging tool and social networking sites to send a short message

Lane has also added a new version of Ubuntu, a simple video editing tools Pitivi

Ubuntu 10.04 The first beta test version of software management center

Ubuntu 10.04 The first beta test version of the file browsing tool

Ubuntu new theme is also continuous improvements. Prior to the elements that are too tawdry, as amended, to become more sophisticated. Testing also found some problems, such as the OpenOffice.org office software, the menu highlight the problem. Ubuntu Software Center has also opened a new brand of action compared with the excellent appearance of horses.

This version provides a lot of appearance options, replaced with new theme is Ubuntu as part of a comprehensive rebranding operations

Ubuntu 10.04 beta version is still not officially used in office environment, but it is already quite good enough for large-scale testing.
 

Core Tip: According to Japan's "Sankei Shimbun" quoted on the 21st of Canada, "Han and the Defense Review," 4 monthly reports that China's Laiwu City, Shandong Province, has deployed a range of coverage in Japan's medium-range missiles and missile forces. Reported that the Canadian "Han Dynasty and the Defense Review," also published information from the source of a Chinese troop deployment facilities satellite photos, and accordingly speculated that the Dongfeng 21 ballistic missiles.

Data Figure: China's Dongfeng-21 medium-range missile fleet

Data for: the U.S. military the Futenma Air Station

Global Times reported March 22, according to Japan's "Sankei Shimbun" quoted on the 21st of Canada, "Han and the Defense Review," 4 monthly reports that China's Laiwu City, Shandong Province, has deployed a range of coverage in Japan's medium-range missiles and missile forces.

Reported that the Canadian "Han Defense Review" (hereinafter referred to as "Han Dynasty and") has also published information from the source of a Chinese troops are deployed satellite photographs of facilities. Report was based on photos to speculate that China is the deployment of a range of 1800 kilometers of medium-range ballistic missiles, "East Wind 21." "Han and the Defense Review," said that if the message is true, the missile's range can cover most of the Japanese archipelago of military bases.

"Han and the" also analyzed that China decided in 2005 that new deployments. The deterioration was due to cross-strait relations, China's deployment of missiles across the Taiwan Strait in order to strengthen the response to war to prepare for attacks on U.S. bases stationed in Japan power. China's strategic nuclear missile force, "the Second Artillery" in Shenyang, Liaoning, Anhui, Huangshan, etc. have major bases in Jilin Tonghua is also Japan's medium-range missiles into the radio industry.
 

Core Tip: 19, according to Agence France-Presse reported that U.S. Department of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Shi Dawei (David Shear) 18 in testimony before Congress that, given the ever-increasing China's military buildup against Taiwan, the United States may will be Taiwan's exports more weapons.

The United States is now discussing whether to sell Taiwan the latest US-made F-16D Block52 fighters.

The United States will sell Taiwan the Patriot air defense missiles, -3.

LONDON March 20 reported that, according to Agence France-Presse reported that 19 U.S. Department of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Shi Dawei (David Shear) 18 in testimony before Congress that, given the ever-increasing Chinese military power against Taiwan building, the United States may export more weapons to Taiwan.

Reported that in January of this year, U.S. President Barack Obama approved a 6.4 billion U.S. dollars worth of arms sales to Taiwan, including helicopters, Patriot missiles and mine-hunting vessels, etc., which infuriated the Beijing government. However, Shi Dawei is still that the United States "will continue to fulfill their commitments" to provide Taiwan with the necessary self-defense weapons. He said: "Taiwan must be satisfied that they have the resistance to any threat and pressure strength, in order to conduct a comprehensive engagement with China."

In the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission meeting, U.S. officials declined to say whether the Obama administration approved the sale of its most wanted F-16 fighter jets. All along, though Ma Ying-jeou struggled to restore cross-strait relations, but he still hopes to obtain F-16, in order to renovate the old Taiwanese fighter fleet. Taiwan's "Defense Ministry" recently released a report, China has taken the advantage of air power.

In addition, the U.S. Department of Defense for East Asian Affairs, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Xue Mai Long (Michael Schiffer) pointed out that he did not want the F-16 fighter jets make the relevant decisions of this or that proposal. Over the years, as part of the PLA's modernization, China has been increasing its defense spending. In this regard, Xue Mai Long said that while China in the global context of increasing interest, but "we believe that the main purpose of the construction of the PLA still tend to respond to incidents across the Taiwan Strait to prepare." He said: "the Beijing government's long-term strategy appears to be using political, diplomatic, economic and cultural means to achieve unification with Taiwan at the same time to create a credible deterrent and enable China to see things move in the wrong direction in the development, have the ability to Taiwan to launch attacks. "

However, Xue Mai Long also pointed out that if the Chinese believe will eventually be able to achieve their goals, then it although it may be satisfied with not attack Taiwan, but Taiwan still decided to form a "credible threat" in order to pressure him. Beijing Government firmly believes that Taiwan is part of its territory, and waiting for the day of reunification, should the need for the use of force in mainland China or even a unified approach. Moreover, the Rand Corporation analyst David Sheila Parker also said that in recent years, mainland China for Taiwan in the early days of conflict, the Air Force, "a fatal blow" opportunities "has been a substantial increase." He said: "China is currently building one can be in Beijing, when the Government decided to force reunification with Taiwan by providing a solid choice for the army, even in the event of U.S. opposition to the case."

Reported that China strongly opposes U.S. arms sales to Taiwan, saying that with the U.S. in 1979 recognizes the PRC Government is the sole legal government of China runs counter to the practice. Against the United States arms sales to Taiwan in January, China conducted a fierce response, and warned the United States to hinder development of bilateral relations, but also explicitly threatened to arms sales to Taiwan in participating in sanctions against U.S. companies.

However, Shi Dawei said that China's response "we expected." He said: "As far as I know, the Chinese people have yet to implement this threat. They do not have any sanctions against U.S. companies."

In addition, some American China experts also believe that the Beijing government may already be aware of Obama's move against some excesses, after all, the first year of Obama in the White House did not want to annoy China, the growing rise of Asian powers . This year in February, Obama met with the Dalai Lama, China although its been criticized, but has not proposed any specific threat of retaliation.
 

Core Tip: November 10, 2009, a key model to complete assembly of the first two sets debug successfully manufactured product delivered, this point, the aircraft industry Honglin the Company completed the two units is currently the most advanced domestic technology, features a focus on the most complex model products. The key model engines are likely to be used are being developed with home-made 4th generation fighters.

Data for: "Taihang" turbofan engines debut in 2008 Zhuhai Air Show, and too-line engine as early as 2005 years ago, trial, this should be used for domestic fourth-generation fighter more advanced models.

Data Figure: The new air turbo-fan jet engine model

March 22 Xinhua reported that three months to complete the delivery of the first inspection station, two months to complete second sets of production, the aircraft industry Honglin focus of all units work together to ensure that a product development model.

For a time, pressing August 31, 2009, the aircraft industry Honglin be completed before the node in the user provides a key model of products developed and produced the first mission to deliver acceptance; November 10, two months after the key model Article 2 sets of products to complete assembly of the successful commissioning the factory delivered, thus, controlled by the company moving four rooms designed by the young design team successfully delivered from development to production to completion of two units is currently the most advanced domestic technology, features a focus on the most complex model products.

China Aviation Industry Honglin move designed to control four rooms are a young design team, but also one full of passion and vitality of the collective, which was the average age of less than 26 years Zhezhi, there is no actual combat experience in the design of young people to undertake the current domestic focus on models with advanced technology research task.

This type of product design, processing is difficult, some components complex structure, shell casting, hot and cold processing, assembly, debugging and other products have considerable difficulty in comparison of the models are also designed to four rooms in the successful completion of a Model After the research task to undertake another major research task.

The model project has been developed in the aircraft industry leaders attach great importance to Hong-lin, short-term delivery of urgent tasks, the company controlled by the dynamic leadership of the pro-set by the design 4 room to take on this task, the establishment of key model Security Unit, the establishment of thematic research groups, by Item solve the problem.

Development of models to meet the needs of the 4 Room designed to examine the basis of product features, in accordance with the military standard, aids to navigation, and other relevant standards requirements and the requirements of the host, the product speed, measurement stability, strict design of electrical layout.

Especially in the shell structure of the design process, because of its compact structure, flow channel complex and difficult process, designed to take advantage of industry in some advanced scanning technology and a software platform designed to build three-dimensional model to ensure the scientific nature of the shell design and rationality.

At the same time, designers also made full use of UG software modeling capabilities to the complex shape of the parts of a surface to carry out the work of type design, after the designer's set of intellectual research, by collecting the work of the part-type surface data points, all the data points fitted curve through a sub-group of the fitting and verification, to solve the bottleneck in product development.

To waste no time, grab stem its progress, the four rooms designed for technical staff worked overtime during the day with the on-site at night time, pay close attention to improving data, analyzing data, overnight fighting in the test line, in particular the October 4, 5, 6, continuous 3 days, in line with commissioning of the four rooms designed comrades turns 24 hours a day, the average non-stop work for 34 hours to ensure that in accordance with company requirements, to promote the smooth development of the models project.

In this model the project development process, the military aircraft industry Honglin heat meters factory leadership make careful arrangements, the majority of employees that a serious effort in the project production process, the factory surface treatment of Wen-red comrades during the day working towards product missing parts, work Gang Daojia also received a rework of a part of the notice, the work day, the fatigue has not been eased, then dragged his exhausted body work until 1:00, for pushing out the parts, so overtime is commonplace for her.

Because a number of key tasks in the factory model a high degree of cross-cutting, in order not to affect the company's progress throughout the model development, the comrades in the daytime heat dry high-salt part of the situation, at night and then dry models required for overtime work clothes, even in the failure of the ventilation plant, they still adhere to the production line, where LIU Ai-hua is an outstanding representative of them.

September 24, the Central Military aircraft industry Honglin heat meters factory processing a product in advance of the final storage than the build-up companies require the completion of 6 days in advance, fuel pumps some companies require the assembly than 8 days in advance complete heat meters factory in the military under the joint efforts of the staff, the factory system, the main task 63, hot table collaborate 192, tooling 404; surface processed 246, 625 tooling for the model made a positive contribution to the development completed.

The product into the assembly, commissioning a key link in the aircraft industry leader in factory assembled Honglin military gave a high attention to, whether it is issued from the plan, or how best to arrange product assembly debugging, and not conflict with the other models, affect the delivery of the node.

Developed from the project outset, the factory leaders to start thinking about how to ensure the smooth delivery of products, branch leading to the final part of more aware, and never out of the slightest careless, quality and progress to both hands with both hands, preparation solid work to be done.

Personnel arrangements, with a 1:4 ratio of the branch (ie, a large-scale product assembly with four assembly workers, large-scale test device debugging with four operators), and in product assembly commissioning staff to break with the selection of teams and groups line with the division of teams and groups, through the mixed teams and groups, technical strong alliance in order to both old and new, etc., to ensure the model's first task in the factory assembly debugging is successfully completed.

China Aviation Industry Honglin assembly factory in doing a good job of military technology, production and preparation, while parallel operation in accordance with the principle of process by the factory workers in advance of the design drawings hung digest FTP understanding and organizing the factory assembly , commissioning officers in the focus on the assembly to debug and difficult to conduct analysis, to draw tooling and the required tester.

In the meantime, the official of the factory before assembly also organized relevant personnel to conduct trials of new tooling, with products like pieces of the tester to check, to ensure that the assembly of components installed in place a formal tone.

August 26 evening, products, components, assembly completed, the 19 o'clock start debugging assembly products, the factory took only less than 4 days, followed by attachment of the decomposition, re-operation, debugging and other tasks, meet the design request, August 30 confirmed by the host after passing the performance of the models provided in the company's August 31 nodes to complete the delivery inspection.

It was with the China Aviation Industry Honglin move designed to control four rooms, military hot-sheet branch, military branch, and other units assembling a solid working style and the majority of employees dedicated work attitude, only the second two key models months of delivery and acceptance of the new record. (China Aviation News)
 

Core Tip: U.S. Congressman Mike Kaufman proposed a bill, in view of China are limiting the production of rare earth, while the U.S. used to import almost all the rare earth. He asked the Ministry of Defense and other federal departments to revitalize the United States of rare earth industry, and called for the establishment of national reserves of rare earth. The new bill would require the law comes into effect, to buy directly from China for five years, the use of rare earth.

Data for: AIM-9X's seeker InSb system, precision-guided weapons, rare earth materials, semiconductor device can not do without support.

Data Figure: rare earth mine in Inner Mongolia, China

China National Defense Science and Technology Information Network March 22 reported that the United States, "Defense News," March 18, 2010, U.S. Congressman Mike Kaufman proposed a bill asking the Defense Department and other federal departments to revitalize the United States of rare earth industry, and called for the establishment of national reserves of rare earth.

Bill said the United States should take measures to establish a globally competitive domestic strategic raw materials to ensure self-sufficiency in the U.S. domestic market to achieve the mining, processing, smelting and manufacturing diversification. Given China's control over almost all of the world's rare earth supply and production, are limiting the production of rare earth and rare earth, as a number of major weapons systems, the key material used in the United States almost all imported.

In view of national reserves of rare earth is not the United States, the bill requires Secretary of Defense began to buy vital to national security of the rare-earth minerals, and incorporated into the national reserves. The new bill would require the law comes into effect, defense reserve center to purchase directly from China for five years, the use of rare earth.

The new bill also asked for confirmation that the current global market conditions, Rare Earth, its strategic value to a foreign judge, defense and domestic manufacturing of rare earth supply chain vulnerability and so on. Federal investment in the new law did not make a request that requires the reconstruction of the domestic rare earth industry, the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Commerce, Energy and other national research institutions should provide annual funds for "innovation, training and workforce development." Industrial sector has also tended to carry out "policy legislation" rather than seeking large-scale financial support. The bill called for the revitalization of the United States, once rare earth industry, target setting is completed, they should take measures to improve the market environment, and suggested that the United States Trade Representative to start the review of international trade practices.

The new bill also requires the Secretary of Defense, Minister of Commerce, Energy Minister of the Interior and Secretary of State appointed assistant minister formed a special inter-departmental working group to assess the rare earth supply chain, and decided that the key to national and economic security of rare earth raw materials.
 

Core Tip: The Russian Navy's deputy chief of staff Oleg Burtsev 20, said that the Russian Navy needs at least 50 nuclear-powered submarines in response to overseas threats. When asked about the construction of 2-3 each year compared to China submarines, Russia is in a backward position, Burtsev denied it, saying the latest "Sen" grade and "Lada" class submarines with the trial .

Data Figure: for and "Borei" class strategic nuclear submarines supporting the "Sen"-class attack submarine model

Data Figure: The Russian Navy, "Lada" class conventional submarines

Global Times - World Wide Web March 22 reported that, according to Associated Press reported March 20, a senior military officer said the Russian Navy, Russian Navy needs at least 50 nuclear-powered submarines in response to overseas threats.

"While the Russian Navy currently has about 60 stand-strategic multi-purpose diesel-powered submarines, but the number of the Russian Navy nuclear-powered submarines should not be less than 40-50." The Russian Admiral, the Navy Deputy Chief of Staff Oleg Burtsev说.

Burtsev said that France, Britain and the United States deployed at sea, on standby for at least nine nuclear submarine combat readiness. "In order to achieve a balance of military power, we need to with 2-3 on standby nuclear submarines. We need to let each other know that we are ready to respond to any military strike," he said

When asked about the construction of 2-3 each year in China compared to submarines, Russia is lagging behind in the development of submarines in the position, Burtsev denied, said: "We are conducting a 'Sen' class nuclear-powered submarines of the trial run this year, 'Lada' class diesel-electric powered submarines will also be the final phase of the trial run. "
 

Core Tip: U.S. Air Force 10 in the report submitted to Congress revealed that this year is to launch four "top-level military satellites," with the U.S. military to launch these four satellites compared to other countries, or no such function in satellite , waving a far cry from the performance. Analysts believe that the United States to put more money into the military to enhance the space, it will be a rare opportunity for the U.S. Air Force.

No. 1, "Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications satellite" (AEHF) is the manufacturer Lockheed - Martin Corporation, the factory for final testing.

Data Chart: The United States, "space-based infrared surveillance satellites," designed to detect ballistic missiles, in order to provide early warning of missile defense systems.

Youth Reference March 22 reported that the United States, "Defense News" site 15, the disclosure of the U.S. Air Force to launch this year, four "top-level military satellites", including: the first one, "Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications satellite" (AEHF), the first a "space-based space surveillance satellites" (SBSS), the first a new generation of Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) as well as the first one, "Space Operations Response Satellite" (ORS).

This is the first launch of four different types of satellites, the U.S. military locked in different space systems, particularly for the former three major U.S. Transformational Communications Satellite System (TSAT), can greatly enhance the U.S. military in fighting the C4ISR (command, control, communications, computers, intelligence and surveillance, and reconnaissance) capability.

As a third-generation U.S. military communications satellite, "Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications satellite" (AEHF) using inter-satellite links (different interconnection between the in-orbit satellite) technology, onboard processing technologies, according to user priority level to provide points pairs of points, communications and network services. The system has a very strong battlefield survivability, even in the ground control station is damaged, the entire system, able to work independently for more than half a year.

"Space-based space surveillance satellites (SBSS)", carrying a weight of 227 kilograms of advanced digital camera, the lens can quickly rotate, can locate and capture an important and timely images of space objects. The main purpose of early warning and prevention of subversive activities against the U.S. satellites, thereby enhancing the U.S. military's ability to protect its space assets.

Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite network, notably through the military space and missile flight mobile to provide technical support. U.S. military in 1994, built the system, as technology continues to develop, need to launch satellites improved turnover. U.S. forces launch a new global positioning satellites, can provide increased signal power to receivers on the ground, as well as a number of new military signal band, so as to provide the U.S. with high-precision, high encryption, strong anti-interference ability of the positioning and navigation service.

In order to ensure U.S. space superiority, especially the pull and other technological gap between countries, in 2001, the Pentagon first proposed the "Space Operations Rapid Response" concept. According to the U.S. "Space News" Web site February 22 this year, reports the U.S. military's first "space war Response Satellite" (ORS) has been successfully developed, the integration of the main sensor is being installed, and soon could be fired standby. The satellite entered orbit, may ensure that the U.S. military in future conflicts, calmly deal with the challenges from space to effectively defend against enemy attacks and retaliatory action rapidly.

With the U.S. military will be launched this 4 "top-level military satellites," compared to other countries, or no such feature satellite, such as "Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications satellite" and "Space Operations to respond to satellite"; or similar although satellites, but the technology to be inferior to the United States, such as Europe's "Galileo" and Russian "GLONASS" satellite navigation system, in terms of scope of use or reliability, compared with the U.S. GPS system, all there is a big gap.

U.S. military space program greet "opportunity"

AP 11, U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) submitted to the Senate Armed Services Committee report acknowledged that, due to the U.S. budget deficit growing, as well as in satellite design, supervision and management loopholes in previous years were forced to suspend a number of satellite launch program.

The report also detailed the delayed launch of the evils: If five years ago, the United States plans to launch the "Advanced Extremely High Frequency communications satellite," but was delayed until September this year, is expected to be. Originally planned to launch two, budget 5.6 billion. But today, not only the launch costs more than doubled, but should also reduce the number of satellites in one. In addition, a new generation of Global Positioning System satellites, according to the original plan 10 years ago the launch only 730 million U.S. dollars, now had to shoulder 1.7 billion. "Space-based space surveillance satellite" of the costs from three years ago, 885 million U.S. dollars, flying up to the current 30 billion U.S. dollars. To meet the operational needs of the proposed "space operations to respond to satellite," scheduled to be launched two years ago, but postponed so far. The U.S. Air Force had planned to build a four-infrared sensing satellites of the "space-based infrared system," aimed to detect missile launches and other military activities. In 1996 the budget of two billion U.S. dollars, but increased to 13.6 billion U.S. dollars.

Republican Congressman David Witte believes that the delay caused by launching the most direct reason is that launch costs are rising, but that should not prevent the U.S. military advance the pace of space. Early this year, President Obama halted NASA's return to the moon, it will be more focused investment funds to enhance the military in space. Obama's 2011 budget submission also mentioned that the satellite will be launched on a greater reliance on commercial companies. This will stimulate the commercial companies put more effort for the upgrading of the carrying capacity. This is nothing more than for the U.S. Air Force a "booster", the U.S. Air Force Space Command Executive 罗伯特科勒 will think, "This is a rare opportunity for the U.S. Air Force."

According to "Washington News," 11, the disclosure, the military presented to Congress, "2011 Budget: a military space program," said that through the development of new military space program, can significantly enhance the U.S. military on the ground battlefield, space perception and precision strike capability for combat command, unmanned aerial vehicles and special operations and other activities, provide all-weather, stable intelligence support, but also achieve the missile warning and space asset protection. In short, this year launched four "top-level military satellite" can effectively consolidate the U.S. military advantage in space.
 

Core Tip: Taiwan authorities concerned about China's military moves in no way due to the relaxation of tension and relaxation of cross-strait, "legislator" Chang Hsien-yao 17 in the "Legislative Yuan" question quoted "National Security Bureau" confidential report says the current ease cross-strait situation, But the mainland to Taiwan in the military "diplomacy," still "slow in the tight" there is no let go.

Data Figure: China's carrier-based F-10 fighter jets to imagine diagram.

China Radio Network March 21 reported that the Taiwan authorities on the mainland because of the military movements in no way concerns the relaxation of tension and relaxation of cross-strait, "legislator" Chang Hsien-yao 17 in the "Legislative Yuan" question quoted "National Security Bureau" confidential report, ease cross-strait situation, but the mainland to Taiwan in the military "diplomacy," still "slow in the tight" No let go, the mainland last year, exercises 31 times, of which "74% are aimed at Taiwan," and "NSB" Cai victorious in the when answering a question also claimed that the mainland is indeed still the threat to use force as a "stop-independence, and curb independence" tool.

According to Taiwan's "China Times" reported on the mainland in Fujian to deploy S-300PMU2 air defense missiles, will the Taiwan high-level intelligence, said Taiwan's "Two years ago the hands of the intelligence," This type of missile in cross-strait direct flights before the i.e. deployed in Fujian Province, not the recent unusual activity; Cai victorious when answering a question, also said the mainland to deploy this type of missile is designed to counter not only to Taiwan and mainland China to attack Taiwan means a lot to the current cross-strait situation, parties will not use this to attack the mainland, "President" of the plane.

Choi victorious reply to Chang Hsien-yao, Liu Shengliang such as "legislator" question, he said, the Taiwan authorities to "flexible diplomacy" have operated for more than a year, the two sides in the diplomatic confrontation has been out of the last train out of a tacit agreement on sensitive issues are to avoid tit for tat, at the international the organization to seek out the model for interaction.

As for the progress of the mainland carrier's Army, Cai victorious in reply to "legislators," Lin Yu-fang question, he said, according to the "National Security Bureau," the assessment, China's aircraft carrier into the army to have the combat combat power, the earliest to 2015.

Lin Yu-fang pointed out that last year, November 4th, Cai victorious in the "Legislative Yuan" A consultation for the first time publicly confirmed that "China has begun to build aircraft carriers"; are also reports of Russian Su-40 sales in 33 carrier-based fighter plan will almost fall through; Another source said that the PLA successfully Varyag aircraft carrier, the test carrier-based F -10 fighter.

Choi victorious, "said an aircraft carrier in mainland China in 2012 harvest Army difficult" to assess and has not changed; the current mainland China adopted a "multi-pronged" mode, such as carrier-based aircraft is "purchased from Russia" and "self-development", parallel, and the mainland China has also been deployed for the landing runway, completed the training to use.
 

Core Tip: "Asian Military Review," said that the current style of innovation in firearms design wins Bank, the Asian multi-country projects to start numerous new gun. Which in 2010 China plans to launch 95G automatic rifles, this rifle new ergonomic design more reasonable, but, 95G-style rifles are likely to adopt a common rail.

Data Chart: For 95-type gun family problems arise, the Chinese military in recent years began to improve it, test photo shows the 95-type rifle silencers

LONDON March 21 reported that "Asian Military Review" 3 Monthly published an article entitled, "Infantry Weapons: The Future of Asia calls," the article, saying the current style of innovation in firearms design Katsuyuki. China, India, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and other Asian countries and regions launched numerous research and development or procurement projects. Among them, India's arms procurement project rated the best in Asia is expected to all the world's firearms manufacturing companies are able to purchase arms from India to grab a slice.

The article said that 90 years since the last century, since the People's Liberation Army began to use the 5.8x42 mm cartridge column fitted the new guns with 87-style assault rifles to begin the next step is 88/QBU-88-style semi-automatic sniper rifle. The mid-90s, non-care-95 gun family were introduced, including 95/QBZ-95-style assault rifles, 95B/QBZ-95B-style carbines, as well as 95/QBB-95-style automatic rifles.

The export version of the use of firearms 5.56x45 mm bullet. At present, the 95 gun family is China's front-line troops of the standard firearms. Chinese armed forces, the introduction of the next paragraph 5.8 millimeters of firearms is its in 1999, the column filled with 88/QJY-88 machine guns. 03/QBZ-03 rifle is the latest introduction of the gun type, this classic gun is introduced in the early 21st century. 03-style rifle has a collapsible stock, for second-line troops and paratroopers of the equipment.

According to the Chinese rifle designer duo Eiken said that in 2010 China plans to launch 95G-style automatic rifles. This new rifle ergonomic design more reasonable, barrel weight increase, bolt be improved and integrated management under the grenade launcher, the main difference is that bullets - this rifle used by the 88 sniper rifle with 88 machine guns to use The 5.8x42 mm heavy bullets. Moreover, China has mastered the Picatinny rail technology, 95G automatic rifles are likely to use this already commercially available in China, common rail.

The article said that the mid-eighties of the last century, Indian weapons, the Ministry of Research and Development launched the "India Light Weapons System" (hereinafter referred to INSAS) project, which is India's first 5.56 mm gun family. In 1998, the formal introduction of the Indian armed forces under the project 1B1 and 1B2 assault rifles, automatic rifles, barrel were 535 millimeters and 464 millimeters long. However, the alleged INSAS rifle in cold weather conditions occur reliability problems, although in charge of production work, the Commission declared the Indian arsenal of these issues have been resolved.

The article points out, INSAS designed to greatly impact of AK assault rifles, from the integration of a number of 1A1-style combat rifle characteristics (the Indian version of the FAL automatic rifles). At present, India at least in the development of the other three variants INSAS guns: barrel 400 mm Excalibur fully automatic rifle, barrel 330 mm Kalantak carbine and the use of assault rifles 5.56x30 mm bullets MINSAS. Ishapore rifle - with China and South Korea, 86-style rifles XK8/DAR-21 - Designers also plan to its standard assault rifle INSAS transformed into non-care-style rifle, and produced several prototype rifle, but the project level of development remains unknown.

The article said, India is stepping up development of other new local firearms. Firearms in their home will use the 5.56x30 mm bullet. With folding rifle MINSAS is India's indigenous production of the first style rifle. The rifle weighs 2.8 kg, 330 mm barrel length, rifle butts a total length of 65 mm when folded, the commencement of full-time 75 mm. The second is the Zittara rifle, use 9x19, 5.56x30 and 5.56x45 mm ammunition. In addition, India's Defense Research and Development Organization for the Indian Army has also developed the use of 5.56 × 30 Hao Mi bullets MSMC lightweight compact semi-automatic assault rifles. MSMC submachine gun lethality and rate of fire and short-barrel rifle very, very suitable for close combat and personal self-defense use.

In addition to the positive development of firearms outside the home, India launched a large number of new weapons and tenders, in the field of small arms procurement plan is rated as the best in Asia. India launched the F-INSAS (Future Infantry Soldier System) procurement project, the relevant information to seek instructions issued in January this year. In the project, India plans to purchase more than 43,318 from abroad, close combat rifles, and in technology transfer agreements under the domestic production of another 116,764 in the same kinds of rifles. Moreover, India plans to purchase more than 10.73 thousand assault rifles, light, and which produced 218.32 thousand modular carbine. In February of this year, Indian Border Security Force completed its purchase 34377 9x19 mm submachine guns project tendering. Is expected in the next few years, all the world's firearms manufacturing companies are able to purchase items from India to grab a slice of firearms.

The article said that South Korea's moves in the field of firearms are also very active. K11 Korea multi-purpose rifle is a self-developed new-style assault rifles. Basically, K11 rifles a 5.56 mm assault rifle with 20 mm grenade launcher of the complex, the use of programmable high-explosive air-burst grenades and fire control system. This direct-action grenade launcher care-free design can be filled with six bullets, a transparent magazine. The assault rifle is well-known South Korean Army DaewooK2 rifle variant. The rifle by the Korean S & T Daewoo to produce a total length of 860 millimeters, and air gun weight 6.1 kilograms. Expected, each South Korean infantry squad will be equipped with two assault rifles, K11, as the current South Korean K2 assault rifle used by the Army. By then South Korea will be the first to air burst weapons as standard equipment in the country.

K11 assault rifle directly from the United States, the concept of the ideal XM29 Individual Combat Weapon (ObjectiveIndividualCombatWeapon, OICW) project. However, the United States in 2004 abolished the system of the project. K11 grenade launcher, compared with the XM29 relatively simple because it is not a semi-automatic grenade launcher, but a direct-acting type. This means that the entire system would be more portable, more affordable, but its firing speed manual loading is relatively low, accuracy is also relatively poor.

The article points out, Korea has been developing risk-taking which rifle because of its fire control systems can believe that their will be 20 mm high-precision ordnance fired into it could be fatal within a radius of. If the South Korean success is bound to make other countries follow suit. Even if venture fails, South Korea can also be K11 grenade launchers to minimize the risk, because this weapon the second component is a standard assault rifles, 20 mm, if failure of the empty bomb, the soldiers can also be directly used assault rifle turn defeat into victory .

Singapore introduced its armed forces are a new generation of SAR-21 rifles to replace the Singapore Armed Forces is currently equipped with US-made M16A1 rifle. The rifle length 805 millimeters, 508 millimeters long barrel and weighs 3.82 kilograms, the effective range of 460 meters, using semi-transparent style magazines. The rifle includes eight versions, including SAR21MMS (modular installation system), SAR21LWC (lightweight carbine), and the latest SAR21A rifles. Latest SAR21A rifle length 790 millimeters and weighs 3.2 kilograms, in February 2010 in Singapore air show appearance.

The article said that a large-scale procurement of arms to seize the opportunities in India, Singapore, dynamic company specializing in technology research and development of the CPW (compact man of arms) multi-caliber submachine gun. CPW is a true light machine guns, it weighs only 1.5 kg, and the low recoil, magazines in a transparent polymer plastic, left, right hand shooter can be used.

In recent years, other countries in the Asia-Pacific region also have their own procurement or development of various firearms. Bangladesh in the early 70s of last century in China, 63-style semi-automatic rifle and 56-type assault rifle based on the research and development of weapons, and in a few years ago and China signed a contract for the introduction of 81-style rifles - from the production of this rifle in Bangladesh named BD-08. 2008 Nian 4 months in Gazipur, Bangladesh Arsenal started the relevant produce, which is expected to reach the annual output of 10000.

Similarly, Indonesia in 1982, purchased 10000 Belgium FNFNC rifles, and two years after the Indonesian army Industries (PT.Pindad), with Belgium to sign a licensing agreement to produce the rifles. Indonesia's licensed production of this rifle is known as SS1, which has several variations Edition: On a folding butt of the V1, V2 carbines, an have a fixed style rifle V3, V4 sniper rifles, V5 mini-carbine, as well as marine version of the M1, M2 and M5 assault rifles.

In 2006, the Indonesian Army's industrial companies which exhibited an upgraded version of assault rifle - SS2. The lighter, more reliable installation of a new folding rifle butt and alternative Tuosai board, and conduct other related adjustments. There are four variants SS2 version: V1 standard, V2 carbines, V3 and V5 mini-carbine sniper guns. So far, the Indonesian Army has purchased more than 25,000 branches SS2.

The article also mentioned that in 2010 China plans to launch 95G-style automatic rifles. The article said that new 95G automatic rifle used by the 88-style sniper rifle with 88 machine guns used in 5.8x42 mm heavy bullets, its ergonomic design is more reasonable to increase the weight of the barrel, bolt be improved and integrated management under the grenade transmitter.

Core Tip: Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense," Naval Command Web site recently published an article entitled "New Century Navy's" special article to discuss the Taiwan navy's mission and the completion of missions. The article said that China not only in the Navy warships, aircraft and weapons, the quantity of an advantage in terms of quality is also an advantage. Taiwan's navy does not have the key, even temporarily dominate the seas and airspace capacity.

Data Figure: Taiwan's navy currently the only available deterrent capability is purchased from the Netherlands, two conventional submarines

Global Times - World Wide Web March 21 reported that, according to Voice of America English March 19 reported that Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense," Naval Command Web site recently published an article entitled "New Century Navy's" special article, to discuss Taiwan's navy The mission and the completion of missions.

The article said the Taiwan navy's primary mission is to break the blockade of Taiwan; for Taiwan to protect safety of sea lanes. To accomplish these two missions, the prerequisite is to seize the waters surrounding Taiwan Island, and airspace control. Mastery of the seas means that the freedom of the seas operations. Taiwan's navy are faced with expanding the mainland's naval superiority. Mainland China, not only in the Navy warships, aircraft and weapons, the quantity of an advantage in terms of quality is also an advantage. Unless the Taiwan navy to obtain even temporary control critical sea and airspace capacity, or Taiwan's navy could not repel an armed attack on the mainland, but also can not protect the vessels and from Taiwan.

Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense" website published the article said, the navy's ability to control the surrounding area deteriorated. If Taiwan were attacked and mainland China could be short-range missiles against Taiwan's seaports and airports. Taiwan's warships are concentrated parked in the left camp, Su-ao, and Keelung Naval Base where. Are vulnerable to concentrated attacks. U.S. Naval War College • Bill Murray, said the Navy has changed the Chinese mainland to Taiwan's military strategy, in the past the mainland's strategy is to suppress and punish Taiwan's naval and air forces. The new strategy is to deprive Taiwan, the use of naval and air force capabilities. Murray said: "Taiwan's naval and air force in the mainland can not survive after being hit."

Impact of sea air

Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense" website special article also pointed out that, due to Taiwan's air superiority no longer exists, so the navy command of the sea could take place. The U.S. government repeatedly refused to sell Taiwan F16C / D fighter jets. Taiwan's old F5 fighter planes and often in need of repair of the French Mirage 2000 fighters, plus a small amount of F16A / B fighter planes could not complete the task of seizing control of the air.

The structure is not suitable for Taiwan's fleet to seize command of the sea. Taiwan has only two Dutch-made swordfish-class submarines, two sea lions during World War II-class submarines, while the two swordfish-class submarines, only one war at any time. Taiwan navy's most modern surface warships are six Lafayette frigates in France. Every two frigates equipped with eight vertical launch to the glory of two long-range missiles, and four short-range anti-aircraft missiles Sea fir trees. Lafayette frigates equipped with sonar and anti-submarine torpedoes. But the Lafayette frigates equipped with torpedoes too small and can not contend with the mainland a large number of surface and underwater vessels.

Taiwan navy's air defense capability depends mainly on four Keelung-class guided missile destroyers. This fairly advanced warships in the 80 years, but compared to today's Aegis guided missile cruiser backward in the far.

In addition, Taiwan still has some smaller warships, they can only deal with some low-intensity conflict. In the complex terrain of the Taiwan Strait, warships, air raids and missile attacks on the reaction time were very low. Submarines in Taiwan, mainland China can be a long time lurking around underwater, suddenly fired a torpedo ships or port. Faced with these challenges, the Navy from the mainland, Taiwan's navy could not wrest command of the sea.

The military gap between the economic gap between the decision

Residing in the United States, Lin Changsheng military experts believe that the overall economic strength from the point of view, the gap between Taiwan and the mainland is growing. Taiwan Yaogen the mainland in an arms race can not win. Unless Taiwan regardless of economic conditions, come up with huge sums of money to the military buildup. But that approach is not sustainable. Lin Changsheng said, so the Taiwan government can do is to try to improve relations with the mainland, through political, economic and diplomatic means to avoid military conflict.

Taiwan is eager to purchase from the U.S. F16C / D fighter than Taiwan already has F16A / B fighter jets have been greatly improved. If Taiwan really get F16C / D fighters, Taiwan's air force will be able to more effectively combat the mainland's warships, missile launch site and land bases. But is the F16C / D are still unable to reverse the overall Taiwan's military weakness.

Mainland China will attack Taiwan

If the mainland is Taiwan's military advantages of expanding Beijing Is it possible that the U.S. would not intervene in it, or the involvement of the United States will not soon recover under the consideration of sending troops to Taiwan? Lin Changsheng, said: "At least in the short and medium term, I see no such a possibility. Beijing is still the major concern is economic development and political stability. In addition, the whole world is now closely linked with China if Beijing use force to recover Taiwan, such action the consequences and losses are likely to exceed the benefits of recovering Taiwan. "

U.S. think tank the Hudson Institute's Center for Political and Military Analysis • director Richard Weitz, said: "Taiwan" Defense Ministry "special article assessment and the assessment of the U.S. Department of Defense are basically the same. I think that Taiwan's security, not only to rely on Taiwan's military build-up, but also the economic situation and political situation in East Asia and Beijing on the overall situation and the relations among the countries of view. I think that really want to attack Taiwan if Beijing needs to several factors, such as independence from China if Taiwan appears tendency; if Beijing that we do not take action on Taiwan would be lost forever. "

Vets also agreed Lin Changsheng view. He also believes that as long as the mainland's economic development continues to outpace Taiwan, then Taiwan's economic capability to maintain an arms race with the mainland. Therefore, in addition to trying to keep Taiwan's military build-up, but also the use of political, economic and diplomatic means to avoid war with the mainland.
 

Core Tip: March 9 to 11 period, Boeing completed the U.S. Navy's free electron laser weapons, the preliminary design, to the United States more than 30 representatives of government and state-owned laboratories submitted a preliminary design assessment. This summer, the U.S. Navy will decide whether to continue with the Boeing company to complete the rest of the contract, that is, the design, construction and implementation of pilot demonstration.

Data Chart: The Boeing Company for the U.S. Army developed "Laser Avenger" mobile air defense system

Global Times - World Wide Web March 21, according to U.S. media reports Spacewar Website March 19 news, now the U.S. Navy's free electron laser weapons, the preliminary design has been completed successfully.

March 9 to 11, the Boeing Company to the United States more than 30 representatives of government and state-owned laboratories submitted a preliminary design assessment. It is said that this laser is a high energy electron beam through a strong magnetic field through a series of issued after a powerful laser, which can effectively be disabled or destroyed objects.

It is reported that this free-electron laser is fired by the vessel of power. This free-electron laser energy is not only huge, but fast-accurate, which can effectively protect the United States Navy to deal with high-speed weapons like cruise missiles. Therefore, the success of the preliminary design, in the further development of the weapon system leavened dough with a landmark role.

In April 2009, Boeing won a U.S. Navy Research Department, awards a contract worth 163 million U.S. dollars. The initial value of the order amounted to 6.9 million dollars. This summer, the U.S. Navy will decide whether to continue with the Boeing company to complete the rest of the contract, that is, the design, construction and implementation of pilot demonstration. It is reported that Boeing is currently developing a variety of laser systems, which also includes the Airborne Laser test-bed, high-energy laser technology validation machine and so on.
 

Core Tip: Asian Military Review in March said that in recent years, Asian countries are seeking to purchase or upgrade their maritime patrol aircraft. In India, for example, that it has signed with the U.S. Boeing worth two billion U.S. dollars in military procurement contracts, procurement of eight P-8I maritime patrol aircraft, and the first aircraft patrol aircraft will be fitted out in 2013, the Indian Navy. It is noteworthy that, India's P-8I patrol aircraft, equipped with a large number of domestic equipment is expected.

Data Figure: Boeing P-8 anti-submarine aircraft

LONDON March 21 reported that the Asian military review in March published in London-based independent defense and aviation historian Tom Withington article, saying that in recent years, Asian countries are seeking to purchase or upgrade their maritime patrol aircraft. In India, for example, that it has signed with the U.S. Boeing worth two billion U.S. dollars in military procurement contracts, procurement of eight P-8I maritime patrol aircraft, and the first aircraft patrol aircraft will be fitted out in 2013, the Indian Navy. It is noteworthy that, India's P-8I patrol aircraft, equipped with a large number of domestic equipment is expected.

The article said that at present, Asian countries are actively expanding their maritime patrol aircraft fleet in order to fundamentally strengthen this essential capability. Among them, Australia and New Zealand are planning to upgrade its existing maritime patrol aircraft fleet. Quality assurance in accordance with the Air Force 5276 project, the Royal Australian Air Force is for all 18 built by Lockheed Martin AP-3C "Orion" patrol aircraft equipped with a new electro-optical / infrared systems, data links and recorders, these modern work will be in 2011完成. These will be retired patrol aircraft in 2018 is expected to be Boeing's new P-8A "Poseidon" patrol aircraft replaced. In addition, the Royal New Zealand Air Force is introducing a new optical / infrared systems, to upgrade its six P-3K patrol aircraft fleet.

Different with the Australian and New Zealand, India and Malaysia have decided to purchase from the market, a new maritime patrol aircraft. India is going to spend 2 billion U.S. dollars, from the purchase of eight Boeing P-8I maritime patrol aircraft to replace the Indian Navy's aging Tu-142 and Il--38 patrol aircraft. Moreover, these P-8I patrol aircraft is expected to feature a large number of Indian-made equipment, the first aircraft patrol aircraft will be installed by 2013, about the column.

In addition, Malaysia have always wanted to buy "Fokker -50" patrol aircraft, to equip its Marine Enforcement Administration, but because of lack of funding the deal ultimately fell through. However, the Maritime Enforcement Agency subsequently received two Canadian Bombardier amphibious aircraft to perform maritime patrol. Now, the Royal Malaysian Air Force would like to purchase four new maritime patrol aircraft to replace the currently used for maritime patrol of the Beechcraft Super King Airs. The candidate models may include the ATR-42MP, EADS-CASA company / Indonesian Aerospace (Indonesian Aerospace) the company developed CN-235MPA, "Fokker -50" and the maritime patrol version of Saab 340 aircraft. However, given Malaysia's current financial situation, they may have to wait until 2012 or so before deciding to buy Which patrol aircraft.

In addition to these countries, the Asian region in recent years to buy a new patrol aircraft were Indonesia, Japan, Pakistan and South Korea. Recently, the Indonesian Navy has just received its first aircraft EADS-CASA NC-212 maritime patrol aircraft, it installed in Thales's "Sea King" (Ocean Master), as well as CAE's surveillance radar developed by AN/ASQ-508 magnetic detector probe (Magnetic Anomaly Detector), MBDA AM-39 "flying fish" (Exocet) anti-ship missiles, and Raytheon Company's Mk.46 torpedoes. In view of the International Maritime Organization in 2007 reported that 17% of the world's pirate operations have taken place in the vicinity of the Indonesian archipelago, and therefore the urgent need for the Indonesian maritime patrol aircraft. Moreover, since Indonesia has declared the sovereignty of several islands, so there are also the country's maritime security concerns.

Japan is another one from the islands of the country, it is currently receiving Japan's Kawasaki Heavy Industries XP-1 maritime patrol aircraft to replace the country will be retiring this year's 96 EP-3C "Orion" maritime patrol aircraft. At the same time, as the "Erieye" radar system, the first Saab -2,000 aircraft loaded columns, the Pakistani army six P-3C and France, DASSAULT-BREGUET company developed Br 1150-type "Atlantic" type of maritime patrol aircraft The air force will be further enhanced. Although the radar system may appear to be in order to implement airborne early warning mission, but in fact can also be used to carry out maritime patrols.

The article points out, the future around the world, there will be many new maritime patrol aircraft to market. In November 2009, Roger Airlines (Ruag Aerospace) the company unveiled its "Dornier -228" (Dornier 228) aircraft and the first aircraft "Dornier-228NG" aircraft - the latter is a variant of the former version of , aimed at the implementation, including maritime patrol aircraft, including a number of tasks, etc.. Moreover, by 2012, when, 228NG aircraft, an amphibious variant may occur machine.

Other input markets, including Canada's new maritime patrol aircraft developed by Virgin Atlantic maritime patrol and search and rescue-type "double-otter" aircraft, the 400 series aircraft. The series aircraft equipped with optical / infrared devices, scan tracking radar, laser range finder and lighting devices, video camera, wing plug-in points, his endurance up to 10 hours, the series of patrol aircraft the price of 1,000 million dollars. In addition, Canada's Bombardier Inc. has also developed a maritime patrol version of the Q400 aircraft, which is the upgraded version of Q200 and Q300, which two airplanes had already been previously used to perform maritime patrol.

Core Tip: March 18, Qinghai Province, the eleventh meeting of the 14th NPC Standing Committee decision to approve "Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of China's first nuclear weapons development base site protection and management regulations", by the Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Congress Standing Committee promulgation.

China's "Atomic City" location - Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province state capital town of the West Sea.

March 21 Xinhua reported that 18, Qinghai Province, the eleventh meeting of the 14th NPC Standing Committee decision to approve "Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of China's first nuclear weapons development base site protection and management regulations", by the Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Congress the Standing Committee for implementation.

China's first nuclear weapons development base (that is, the former state-run 221 factory) site is located in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province Xihai town, the last century, the late 50s, China in this building the first nuclear weapons development, experimentation and production base, has successfully developed China's first an atomic and hydrogen bombs, so the town is also the West Sea known as the "Atomic City."

In 1987, China has made the decision to withdraw the original 221 plants, as an indication of the complete prohibition and destruction of nuclear weapons, safeguarding world peace and the determination and attitude. In 1993, the base of the overall transfer of Qinghai Province, to become the world's only active retired nuclear weapons development base.

June 25, 2001, the base site of the State Council established a national key cultural relics protection unit; November 20, 2005, was announced as the third installment of the Central Propaganda Department national patriotism education bases.

Qinghai People's Congress Education, Science Culture and Health Committee chairman Panzhen Cheng said: "The" Regulations "formulation is necessary, the strengthening of China's first nuclear weapons base site conservation and management, inheritance, and carry forward the" missiles plus one satellite, "the spirit of patriotism and traditional education revolution has far-reaching significance. "
 

Core Tip: 46 groups in the security escort of more than 600 vessels and foreign ships, the Chinese naval fleet at the Beijing fourth convoy at 20:30 on the 20th left for home. Chinese naval fleet in the Gulf of Aden to escort the fourth installment of the Somali waters the longest mission, continuous navigation mileage up, escort, then up to protect Chinese and foreign ships were expelled most suspicious vessels.

Data Figure: In the Gulf of Aden waters, the Chinese navy fleet escort the fourth installment of the "Wenzhou" missile frigate (the former) to escort merchant

Liberation Army Daily reported in March 21 security escorts 46 approved more than 600 vessels and foreign ships, the Chinese naval fleet in the fourth to escort local time today, 15:30 (Beijing time at 8:30 p.m. on the 20th) left for home.

Chinese naval fleet escort fourth rewrite, and created the Navy's number of new results: So far, in the Gulf of Aden, Somalia, the longest mission area, mileage sailing straight up, escort, then up to protect Chinese and foreign ships were expelled Most ... ... the fourth installment of suspicious vessels to escort commander of the formation QIU Peng, Gu Li Kang, vice commander revealed in an interview: In the joint efforts of all officers and men, nearly five months, the formation of not only realized by retaining all of the ship and crew safety, formation of all the safety equipment and personnel established goals, ideological and political construction, combat construction, logistics and equipment to achieve security and many other aspects of co-ordination to promote all-round progress, scientific development, both for the people far out at sea the Navy practice of carrying out diverse tasks summed up the experience , but also for special task forces and special environment, explored ways of building.

The Gulf of Aden newspaper reporter March 20 Zhang Qi, Cao Hua special correspondent reports: local time at 2:00 on March 20 (Beijing time at 7:00 on March 20), the Navy new missile frigate "Chaohu," ship in the successful completion of the Hong Kong "The Rhyme of the Yangtze River" was accompanied by very large oil tanker escort, formally owned by the Navy to build the fifth convoy formation sequence. This is also the first time the Navy's battle fleet to escort a formation of two batches of tasks.

"Chaohu," the fourth installment of escort ship in the Navy fleet during the fourth installment of escort formations "Ma On Shan," ship, "Wenzhou" research vessels in close coordination completed a total of 24 approved 169 ships with escort missions, the ship carried out for 150 cover the region with the successful release of two then protect Chinese and foreign ships, for the fourth installment of the successful completion of convoy escort formations to make an important contribution to the task.

Secret war being carried out: WAPI back, rub cited security card controversy

From the local Chinese WAPI standards that has now been seven years have passed. WIFI extensive application, it seems people have forgotten the WAPI and the fierce competition between WIFI. The market by the technology of a grass-roots development of new products has once again lit the fuse. Seven years ago in a heated debate was again brought the two technology standards for wireless networks camps clash again, the fuse is being lit by technology roots. By China's "cottage Kings" production of "rub card" is popular, this will not be charged on the free wireless Internet access products to telecommunications operators, wireless city plans to bring trouble. Standard WIFI wireless city plans to construct, 7 years ago, this standard has been criticized on account of security vulnerabilities. Clearly, new evidence is now attracting attention.

China's domestic WAPI wireless Internet security standards, this is not to be missed opportunities. Card in order to rub the proliferation of the grounds that China Electronics (CEC) subsidiary companies are lobbying the WAPI standard universal telecom operators.

Rub Network

"Wireless rub network" is growing in popularity, buying rub card, after a few clicks of the mouse, a neighbor's wireless router password will be presented in front of us, so there was no obstacle to the Internet can be. Such demand can be more than 4,000 Taobao selling "rub card," the shop are met.

Up in the store is also very easy. For example, the Beijing Chaoyang District Buynow electronic mall basement will be for sale. A sale called "card King" rub card owner said, "asked the people who are knowledgeable, and are generally bought by one. This is the card king, is an upgraded version of Emperor card, the search results better."

Rub from a birth card is not so smooth. Not long ago, Taobao ban the sale of this product. Internet users have been rubbing in accordance with relevant experts, pointing to longer, more complex password settings. However, the rub for a name card for re-sale, while those from Guangdong, Taiwan, the original version of the cottage industries were also called "card Emperor" and rub card upgrade, to become more powerful break "card King", the price is still 160 yuan to 240 yuan.

The shop owner said as he pulled out his computer's network cable, and then install the "card king." Install the "rub card", the long list of wireless networks list revealed, in simple settings, the password is also emerging.

Rub on the card is not only ubiquitous in the market, firms organized large-scale production, is also well known in the communications sector. For the attempt to surprise move by wireless broadband telecom operators, rub the emergence of network card for WIFI technology previously demonstrated the safety of suspected, but it suffered heavily laid WIFI hotspot threats.

WIFI wireless WLAN Internet protocol popularized the widest range of technology alliance. However, a few years ago, some people cast doubt on their safety, pointing out that the calculation method because of its loopholes, may experience brute force. The principle is roughly in WIFI to send data packets, each up to a certain order of magnitude would be duplicated. Because of this loophole in 2003, the standard WIFI wireless protocols have been made by the Chinese WAPI attacks. However, in a competitive international standards, WIFI won the final victory.

Alert

With the proliferation of rub card, WIFI security vulnerabilities begun to attract the vigilance of China Telecom. March 17, China Telecom general manager Wang Xiaochu rub against the card issue, told this reporter, said: "At present, China Telecom has been working hard to resolve this problem (rub NIC), the problem completely solved."

Although Wang Xiaochu did not say how to resolve the WIFI security problems, but the reporter learned from the people close to China Telecom was informed that the company has started and production vendors WAPI negotiating, now in Quanzhou and other places to carry out WAPI pilot network. Prior to bidding for wireless devices, China Telecom also requires that all WLAN equipment must be compatible with WAPI standard.

Wireless Internet is an important strategy for telecom operators. 2008, as China Telecom "Tianyi Scheme" catch up with China Mobile's trump card, WIFI was solemnly launched. In August that year, Ningbo, China Telecom, the meeting, the main urban areas in 2009 with the China Mobile network quality equivalent to the same time, mobile users in the year to reach about 75 million. WIFI be regarded as the standard can be achieved with seamless 3G weapon. Trying to make up for 3G through WIFI network coverage was incomplete, multi-access switch.

In June 2009, China Telecom launched the 31 provinces of emergency core network transformation project that aims to achieve the core network level, CDMA + WiFi (C + W) a unified authentication and unified billing support. This is the first C + W network, China Telecom hopes that it can quickly formed a certain scale, and with commercial CDMA2000 networks have been complementary, in the 3G data service on the formation of differentiated competitive advantage.

March 17, China Telecom executives said the company currently has more than 100,000 nationwide WIFI hotspots.

The face of China Telecom's ambitious plan, originally on the WIFI is also worried about the rapid launch of China Mobile TD + WIFI program. Up to now, China Mobile has completed 10 million WLAN equipment procurement, plans to build WLAN hotspots around 110,000. Most of their products to support WIFI mode. For security reasons, the two telecom operators in the equipment tender to require all suppliers to provide WIFI products must be compatible with Chinese-made standard WAPI.

Since 2003, over WIFI, after WAPI as an international standard, WIFI dominant firms Intel (intel) has WIFI and the Pentium-M chip, the "Centrino" name binding, WIFI laptop has almost become standard. The rub card generation, is the developer of the crack for the WIFI security vulnerabilities. To produce business cards, mobile phones known as the South, said the smart card company's technical staff, through the crack WIFI passwords, may not only enable telecom operators to the user traffic and costs have been stolen. Even more frightening is that by intercepting the data, the user's Internet Banking, e-mail and other data can be intercepted at the same time.

This alone, for trying to develop mobile payment, but in order to WIFI "With the e-line" as an important supplement to China Mobile is undoubtedly a threat to heavy. "With the e-line" is a Chinese mobile for business people, the Group's customers a wireless Internet service, users can notebook computers, mobile phones and other terminals, through the 2G/3G or WIFI Internet access.

China Telecom's network card stopped right after the rubbing, this product is not out of the market, but a face-lift re-debut.

As a WIFI alliance dominant firms, Intel Corporation Public Relations say, WIFI is not an Intel issue, which involves the entire upstream and downstream vendors, including software vendors, chip manufacturers, wireless equipment manufacturers and operators, and so on, Intel, and no department of the rub card study.

WAPI come back?

Suspended 7 years of domestic WAPI standard seem to see new business opportunities. The sources told reporters that China Telecom said it had WIFI vulnerabilities solve problems, including water-test the Chinese standard WAPI. At present, China Telecom has been in Hangzhou, Quanzhou and other places to start building WAPI pilot network.

WAPI chip unit of China's electronics manufacturers are also lobbying China Telecom, China Mobile, to rub the network card to highlight the wide spread of WIFI security vulnerabilities. The past 7 years, WIFI has been made in 90% WLAN market share, while the WAPI is not only the inputs outputs, there is no financial support difficult.

This newspaper has learned, its a Chinese electronics company has repeatedly went to Beijing to lobby now to China Telecom and China Mobile to submit the program with vigor WAPI wireless local area network to solve the current international standards there is a serious security problems.

It is reported that the company that submitted the program, WAPI successfully resolve the "legitimate users access to legitimate network" issue. The use of the country close to the user to do SMS4 algorithm to encrypt the wireless data link.

Over the years, WAPI no clear timetable for implementation so that telecom operators are still hesitant to wait for WAPI. At present, China's three major carriers, both China Telecom Tianyi business, or China Mobile, "With the E-line", are combining 3G launch WLAN services, wireless LANs have been treated as a new excitement. If the large-scale opening of WAPI, operators still need to be upgrades of existing network equipment needed time to adapt the same time, some complaints may also be faced with consumers.

WAPI Industry Alliance industry planning director Chen Ming said: "For the wireless LAN is concerned, no matter how information security can not be overstated." And technically speaking, China's WAPI technology, due to the introduction of new two-way identification techniques, security, To clearly superior to the existing WIFI alliance used WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) protocol, even with the improved WPA (WIFI Protected Access) protocol comparison, there are also advantages. "It is because of the presence of WAPI, it can limit the WIFI may charge high royalties."

From the WAPI standard proposed to the present, has gone seven years. WIFI extensive application, it seems people have forgotten the WAPI and the fierce competition between WIFI.

In May 2003, China WIFI wireless LAN standard for the existence of serious security problem and have issued a safety mechanism for independent innovation - identifying and Privacy Infrastructure (WAPI, which WLANAu-thentication and Privacy Infrastruc-ture). WAPI supporters optimistic, said the imposition of new national standards for wireless local area network of the biggest chances of winning from: security. Month, the Ministry of Information Industry announced the WAPI standard is the national standard, and asked in June 2004 after 1 all of the wireless LAN products must comply with the safety standards.

However, optimism soon followed by the Sino-US Joint Commission on Commerce been watered down. In March 2004, as was the security of wireless LAN technology, Supplement proposal, the Chinese self-developed WAPI technology and Intel-led WIFI.11i technology (hereinafter referred to as 11i) competition, WAPI has been delayed.

In April 2004, United States reached a broad consensus and signed an agreement, in the three levels of the WAPI dispute a brief summary: China announced that it would indefinitely postpone the WAPI standard to enforce; will be based on the views of Chinese and foreign companies , the revised standards; WAPI wireless computer networks will participate in the International Organization for Standardization certification.

At that time, foreign media reported that one of "Silicon Valley's leaders hailed the decision for a" to describe the U.S. industry response.

For the WAPI, the loss from joy to turn and not make dreams Huashangjuhao.

In June 2009, WAPI has achieved victory in the brief form. This year in June, at Apple's (Apple) smart phones iPhone fist into the Chinese issue, once again WIFI issues with the WAPI standard deadlocked the negotiations. China demands the iPhone unloaded WIFI converted WAPI, was rejected iPhone. The final negotiations with "those who install WAPI function WIFI phone network to detect and can be network access permit." As the WIFI first step, a monopoly of China's wireless local area network 90% of the terminal market, WAPI long period of deposit rather than state. Long time no market-oriented applications, the maintenance of productive enterprises are not many.

At present, China has more than 700 million mobile phone users, far more than computer users. In the new market structure, WIFI wireless Internet standard, and WAPI will open up a new battlefield, the heated debate seven years ago no longer be filed.
 

Core Tip: "military communication" to invoke the Urals Optical Instrument Factory (UOMP) Weiniyaming Elinson, vice president of the words in the Chinese Air Force and Navy air force equipped with hundreds of current SU -27, -30 and Su-F -- 11 fighter planes, UOMP provided OEPS-27 optical observation system is an essential component.

Chinese-made F-11 fighter aircraft in the first close-up optical system

The Chinese Air Force fighter group of Soviet-style

Youth Reference March 20 reported that the Urals Optical Instrument Factory (UOMP) is the Russian military-industrial complex, one of the oldest, famous in the international arms market. This year in February, according to Russia's "military communication" magazine (online edition) reported that the plant to the Chinese Air Force's Su -27 series aircraft to provide an advanced electro-optical observation system.

Russia precision instruments industry pioneer

UOMP full name is "E · S · Ialamov named national production of the Commonwealth Ural optical-mechanical plant." As the Russian leader in the field of optical research and production, their history, dating back to 1850. After the outbreak of World War II, the plant only 28 days on the mountain moved to Yekaterinburg, the Urals, the Soviet Government for this purpose spent 10 trains, 630 cars. Today, the plant general manager for the maxi-Mu Ya Sergei Abramov, who entered factory work in 1961, he served as the Soviet Union, the defense industry and the Soviet missiles, artillery officers of the Academy of consultants.

Gyro-stabilized optical system (GOES) is a factory-quality products, which can significantly sway of an aircraft or ship to capture a variety of cases, a stable signal, while continuously taking pictures and video. At present, the product is equipped with a series of military fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, basic security needs of Russia's armed forces. UOMP also in civil products account for a large market share. If the area of geodesy, its development of the products are exported to more than 70 countries, can meet the special needs of various customers.

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, in order to business survival, Ialamov General Manager, in order to occupy a place in the international market, they must produce goods according to international standards. In 2000, UOMP become Russia's main military-industrial enterprises in 40 first gained international military technology license units. In 2003, the plant is given the right to self-trade can be directly provide services for foreign troops. Today, UOMP has become the Russian military precision instruments industry pioneer, has 20 branches, of which two are located in Switzerland and Belarus.

To cooperate with China factory

"Military communication", Vice President Weiniyaming Elinson UOMP quoted as saying that the Chinese air force and naval air force equipped with hundreds of current SU -27, -30 and Su-F -11 fighter, UOMP provided OEPS - 27 optical observation system is an essential component. The system mainly consists of infrared sensors and laser range finders and other components of the effective detection range of enemy fighters is 40 to 100 km high-speed detection range air to air missile has reached 25-55 km.

However, the Chinese air force hopes to UOMP get an upgraded version of OEPS-27 optical observation system to further enhance the performance of the three main planes. It is reported that the new system will enable aircraft to the various types of target detection range extending more than 60%, and the observation angle and pitch angle are significantly increased.

In addition to military cooperation, UOMP Information Services Department also said the plant will be jointly built a city in Guangdong Province, China Civil geodetic instrument assembly plant is expected to formally put into operation in 2010 in the second half.
 

Core Tip: "military communication" to invoke the Urals Optical Instrument Factory (UOMP) Weiniyaming Elinson, vice president of the words in the Chinese Air Force and Navy air force equipped with hundreds of current SU -27, -30 and Su-F -- 11 fighter planes, UOMP provided OEPS-27 optical observation system is an essential component.

Chinese-made F-11 fighter aircraft in the first close-up optical system

The Chinese Air Force fighter group of Soviet-style

Youth Reference March 20 reported that the Urals Optical Instrument Factory (UOMP) is the Russian military-industrial complex, one of the oldest, famous in the international arms market. This year in February, according to Russia's "military communication" magazine (online edition) reported that the plant to the Chinese Air Force's Su -27 series aircraft to provide an advanced electro-optical observation system.

Russia precision instruments industry pioneer

UOMP full name is "E · S · Ialamov named national production of the Commonwealth Ural optical-mechanical plant." As the Russian leader in the field of optical research and production, their history, dating back to 1850. After the outbreak of World War II, the plant only 28 days on the mountain moved to Yekaterinburg, the Urals, the Soviet Government for this purpose spent 10 trains, 630 cars. Today, the plant general manager for the maxi-Mu Ya Sergei Abramov, who entered factory work in 1961, he served as the Soviet Union, the defense industry and the Soviet missiles, artillery officers of the Academy of consultants.

Gyro-stabilized optical system (GOES) is a factory-quality products, which can significantly sway of an aircraft or ship to capture a variety of cases, a stable signal, while continuously taking pictures and video. At present, the product is equipped with a series of military fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, basic security needs of Russia's armed forces. UOMP also in civil products account for a large market share. If the area of geodesy, its development of the products are exported to more than 70 countries, can meet the special needs of various customers.

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, in order to business survival, Ialamov General Manager, in order to occupy a place in the international market, they must produce goods according to international standards. In 2000, UOMP become Russia's main military-industrial enterprises in 40 first gained international military technology license units. In 2003, the plant is given the right to self-trade can be directly provide services for foreign troops. Today, UOMP has become the Russian military precision instruments industry pioneer, has 20 branches, of which two are located in Switzerland and Belarus.

To cooperate with China factory

"Military communication", Vice President Weiniyaming Elinson UOMP quoted as saying that the Chinese air force and naval air force equipped with hundreds of current SU -27, -30 and Su-F -11 fighter, UOMP provided OEPS - 27 optical observation system is an essential component. The system mainly consists of infrared sensors and laser range finders and other components of the effective detection range of enemy fighters is 40 to 100 km high-speed detection range air to air missile has reached 25-55 km.

However, the Chinese air force hopes to UOMP get an upgraded version of OEPS-27 optical observation system to further enhance the performance of the three main planes. It is reported that the new system will enable aircraft to the various types of target detection range extending more than 60%, and the observation angle and pitch angle are significantly increased.

In addition to military cooperation, UOMP Information Services Department also said the plant will be jointly built a city in Guangdong Province, China Civil geodetic instrument assembly plant is expected to formally put into operation in 2010 in the second half.
 

Google Earth has recently released a special Air Force Base, the U.S. remote sensing pictures, which is dubbed United States Air Force, "raised and the resting field" (The Boneyard). His official title should be to Davis - Monthan Air Force Base, located in Tucson, Arizona (Tucson), near the city, the coordinates are latitude 32 ° 09'59 ", longitude 110 ° 52'59". Napian desert, low humidity and little rainfall, which means there will rarely be of steel corrosion, is a perfect place to save a large number of steel. In addition, the soil hard here also means the aircraft can park without the construction of concrete slope. The Air Force Base covers an area of 2600 acres, equivalent to the size of 1,300 football pitches, he stored 4200 aircraft (mostly open-air). Such obsolete aircraft worth 35 billion U.S. dollars, of which 80 percent is used for the U.S. Navy and Air Force fleet to provide spare parts. In 2005, the "aircraft graveyard" recovery of the staff of more than 19,000 parts, worth 568 million U.S. dollars. The U.S. government even allowed the armed forces of other countries to buy spare parts from this place or even the whole aircraft. In the 80 years war in Afghanistan, the U.S. has Pakistan exported F-16 fighter jets, but because of the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, while Pakistan's nuclear weapons development issues are not willing to succumb to the United States, the United States to stop the delivery of the contract follow-up to Pakistan's F-16 . These fighters were allegedly sealed in Davis Monsanto Air Force Base, by the hand to conduct the necessary maintenance on a regular basis to ensure the engine can be used to drive.

       This covers an area of 2600 acres of storage space with 4,200 aircraft, of which 80% was used to the current U.S. Air Force fleet to provide spare parts.

You may have heard of 拆东墙补西墙, that is, when the parts due to various reasons can not guarantee the case of forced removal from the other weapons and equipment spare parts for the same model for that part of the situation relatively well equipment repair and maintenance needs. This is often the source of arms appears in the interruption of outsourcing, the domestic production is unable to circumstances. For example, before the Islamic revolution in Iran, the Pahlavi dynasty and the United States relations are very close, its main battle equipment to American-based, but the U.S. was a long-term arms embargo on Iran, which greatly affected the rate of weapons and equipment intact, Iran military's combat capability plummet. Despite the Iran-Iraq war, the Reagan administration secretly to Iran through Israel as part of the delivery of urgently needed spare parts to address the long-running U.S. embassy hostage issue, which is the famous Iran-Contra affair. Iran spare parts thus obtained a considerable extent, alleviated the passive situation on the battlefield, but the drop in the bucket, after all, Iran-Contra affair came to light, the basic approach can only be 拆东墙补西墙 to solve the problem of lack of spare parts.

Iran's door almost to the then U.S. President Ronald Reagan topple.

In other cases it