China's military growth will reach the next four years, the highest in the world

Core Tip: British Jane's Information Group report released on the 27th, said China's military budget for the next four years to reach the world's highest rate of increase. European and American arms manufacturers are are looking to emerging markets, 80% of companies believe that China's military budget will increase the future, Jane's gives the Chinese military as of 2014 an increase of 56%. Meanwhile, the UK is the world's military budget will decline the most.



Data Figure: Hudong shipyard dock in Shanghai a large number of ships under construction



Data Figure: China's Army main battle tank type 99

Global Times - World Wide Web on July 31 reported that the British Jane's Information Group report released on the 27th, said China's military budget for the next four years to reach the world's highest rate of increase, while the British military budget is the world's highest drop .

27 Reuters quoted the report, although Western Europe and the United States are still encouraged to submit a competitive arms dealer orders, but many military items because the cuts facing the state financial expenditure can not be honored. Now these dealers are looking to emerging markets. According to Jane's Information Group, January to February this year, 300 among the global arms business survey conducted, 80% of companies believe that China's military budget will increase the future, Jane's Information Group as of 2014 given the Chinese military spending increases 56%. The report also mentioned that, India, South Africa, Brazil and Russia and other emerging economies, the future of the military budget will rise. Analysis, and Western countries in the current round of financial crisis suffered heavy losses compared to those emerging economies, apparently did not hurt to strength.

In sharp contrast, Jane's Information Group survey data shows that 44% of the dealers found the British military spending in 2014 will appear the largest decline is expected to reach 17%. British Government had announced in 2010 the military budget of 560 million. In order to reduce military spending, even at the reduced British nuclear deterrent force, consider reducing the number of nuclear submarines and strategic missiles.


Although never makes Jane's Information Group ranked the world's military forces, but in the group analysis of annual reports published by different, often hear the outside world, or "be careful of China's military rise," the voice. As the West's military information and assessment of institutions, Jane's Information Group in 2008 to put forward in the global ranking military spending, China's military expenditure in 2007 reached 35 billion pounds, annual growth rate of 17.8%. In military spending, China is encroaching upon the United States. The agency said China's growing military strength into increased direct force in neighboring Japan, India and Russia had to follow suit, thus triggering a new arms race in Asia.

But Jane's Group analyst Guy • Anderson had the "Global Times" reporter that although the level of China's military expenditure ranks in the world, but even compared to France or Russia, there is no military strength is still a small gap. Another simple military-industrial development in the era of peace is bound to run the country in huge financial drag on economic development, the Soviet Union has the facts to tell future generations the lessons. Anderson said that China's biggest task now is to develop its economic infrastructure, so that the economic situation in the post-crisis era to be stable, and therefore may not be sustained military-industrial high-speed development.
 

China's latest QBZ03 type 5.8 mm automatic rifle
Core Tip: 03 Type 95 5.8mm machine guns and automatic rifles quite the performance, the biggest difference is that 03-style 5.8mm automatic rifle as a prop structure, and 95 family-style classes and other members of the gun magazines to each other than change, the other key components are not interchangeable. Moment, the 03-type 5.8mm automatic rifle will not force a lot of equipment, only small quantities of some special forces and airborne troops and other equipment.



Xiang Jie of China's newest QBZ03 type 5.8 mm automatic rifle

QBZ03 type 95 5.8mm rifle as a gun-type classes last a member of the family, in the initial design stage, designers will be 95 automatic rifle with versatility on the top. However, found in the design process: the structure of 95 type automatic rifles are not suitable for traditional care guns, the key component in ensuring universal premise, will not be able to achieve tactical and technical indicators scheduled. Thus, the designers finally gave up the idea of universal, devised a new folding prop rifle - QBZ03 type 5.8mm automatic rifles.



China-made automatic rifles QBZ03 type 5.8mm Left View

Structure Overview

QBZ03 type 5.8mm automatic rifle can be single, bursts of firing, the main anti-exposure within 400m of a vivid personal protection objectives; launched grenade can damage or destruction cluster vivid light armored targets; with QNL95 type bayonet, if necessary, can also be used bayonets casualties on the enemy; can shimmer with white sight or sight. Rifle can be used as special forces, airborne, armor, and general basic combat arms units, but also as the primary command and service personnel fighting in self-defense weapon.



QBZ03 automatic rifle with a bayonet close-up

Rifle with folding prop structure, pressing the gun Toca shoots, which can be folded to the Barrel on the right. Judging from the shape of the whole rifle, rifle-type gun with 95 other members of the family varies widely, more like a 81 automatic rifles modified. Structural design of the whole gun with the M16 series draws AK rifle advantages: using automatic rifles and 8l similar launch and insurance institutions; draws M16A3 automatic rifle upper and lower casing structure and the bolt guide set the receiver on.

Typically, water and dust of arms in the dip test, the sand and dust into the regular Windows shell casing from the cast and deposited in the automatic machine rail, resulting in poor automatic machine movement, or even cable wiring. To improve QBZ03 type 5.8mm automatic rifle in the environment, reliability, designers will rifle the guide device installed in the casing above the cast shell window, you can effectively prevent the deposition of sand and dust.

03-style automatic rifles using a conductive air 5.8mm automatic principle of rotary bolt locking mechanism. Rifle with short positions hang organization that has set in place the transmitter insurance and not the insurance. All guns light weight, short length after folding, portable and easy to operate, combined with incomplete decomposition does not require special tools. Extensive use of aluminum and plastic rifle (upper and lower casing made of aluminum, butt, guard and the handle are made of engineering plastic), handsome in appearance and have high corrosion resistance.

Since both the upper and lower casing of aluminum alloy material, strength is relatively low, under the receiver end of the buffer with the recoil, bolt recoil impact of the buffer device, which can effectively reduce the impact on the receiver, not only to avoid the bolt and machine rigid box collision occurred resulting damage, but also slow down the machine automatically after the striker sat on the impact of the shoulder.

Rifle lower receiver is not clearly printed on the right side of the factory standard and rifle models. Upper and lower receiver pin and pin seat prominent in the receiver plane, and the receiver side there are a lot of pins and shafts, the shaft or pin and highlighted in the receiver plane, or plane flush with the casing or depression, but not The hair blue handle, with the casing of the colors contrast, the appearance is affected rifle.


In order to ensure the comfort of shooters firing, according to the Chinese people face shape, the mechanical aiming a rifle aiming baseline height (cheek side to the spy hole paste height) should normally ensure that between 45 ~ 50mm. As the rifle's mechanical sights set on the receiver plane, therefore, more by the location of butt under. The resulting recoil direction and the direction of arrival is not a straight line on the shoulder, shooting, muzzle jump is more obvious on. Coupled with bursts and burst, the shooter must press the gun to ensure that the intensity distribution. If we could add a small retaining square hands grip, will greatly enhance the rifle in the firing of controllable.

Introduction and gas installations

QBZ03 type 5.8mm automatic rifle automatic principle of using a conductive air, gas regulator with "0" "1" and "2" three positions for different shooting conditions: "0" position for the breath, used to launch rifle grenades; " 1 "for small holes for firing under normal conditions;" 2 "for large pores, in the harsh environment, the bolt recoil energy is insufficient to use. Plug in the use of regulation, the regulation must be cards shoot Fonseca Block corresponding position in the bayonet slots, changing stomatal conductance, press and hold to adjust stuffed the card shoots out of the positioning seat bayonet slot, while rotating adjustment stuffed the desired location.
 

PLA Major General: Chinese Navy will not hold back because of island chain


Core Tip: Cold War has been for many years, the "first island chain" theory is still prevalent. Major General Yang Yi said that China will not have the "first island chain" to hold back, give up the development of its own naval forces. On the contrary, United States and Japan need to recognize the power of the Chinese navy into the possibility of world stability.



Data Figure: North Sea Fleet swearing-in ceremony was held out of island chains

International reporting online on July 31 "China and the United States by 2015 sea battle and eventually defeat the Chinese navy the United States 'Washington' aircraft carrier." This is the U.S. Navy early this year, Lieutenant Colonel James carats of ska in the U.S. diplomatic magazine "World Affairs "Journal of the written passage. Kraska's prediction, after all, only a subjective imagination, but it reveals the essence of China in recent years, the United States naval forces and growth concerns and fears. The most direct expression of this psychological, the United States during the Cold War to regain the "island chain, said" in an attempt to blockade the Chinese navy in the United States as a "courtyard" of the "first island chain" within.

The shackles of the strategy to contain China

"Island chain" is the East-West confrontation during the Cold War product. After World War II, the US-led Western countries to block the former Soviet Union, China and other socialist countries, using the West Pacific Ocean island group's strategic special location, proposed the "island chain" concept. First to use the "island chain" in former U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles is. January 1951, when the U.S. State Department adviser John Foster Dulles put forward: "the defense of the United States in the Pacific area should be Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, China Taiwan, the Philippines, Australia, this island chain."

Hou Cold War, western countries, the strategic focus to containment of China, Dulles "island chain" that has given Xin Bei's Neihan, derived from the U.S. to contain China Haijun to the ocean Fazhan the three "Island Blockade Lian". The so-called "first island chain" refers to the North from the Japanese archipelago, Ryukyu Islands, the island then south to the Philippines, Sunda Islands chain, a large island-shaped belt. The island chain is the United States and its military allies (Japan and Korea, etc.) to deploy the cutting edge of the west. "Second island chain" from the Japanese Islands, north through the South Island (including the Bonin Islands, sulfur Islands), Mariana Islands, the islands until Hama Black Lama group, which is the front-line U.S. and Asia-Pacific countries such as Japan and South Korea rear support. "The third island chain," the main group by the base composition of the Hawaiian Islands, It is to support United States military's strategic rear, but also a United States defense outpost.

"After the Cold War, the United States constructed to contain China's island chain is not only not disappeared, but continues to lengthen, forming a sea surrounded by two levels of posture." Military expert Dai Xu in China on the "News of the World," told . Dai Xu pointed out that China, the United States now constitutes a "C-shaped surrounded by" the situation: surrounded by sea from Japan to India, the land surrounded from India to Central Asia. "Whatever is the 'first island chain' or 'C-shaped surround', are the United States in the geopolitical strategy to contain China's yoke."

China's breakthrough "island chain" to the US-Japanese horror

In recent years, with the development of China's naval forces, to pursue exclusive sea of the United States and Japan, and restore "island chain" concept, and will challenge it as the Chinese Navy's own influence in the Western Pacific, a psychological barrier. The pace of the Chinese Navy to the U.S. and Japan are also often disturbed.

This year in April, the East China Sea Fleet of Chinese navy held exercises in the East China Sea, a total of 10 warships and submarines to participate. These ships through the Strait of Miyako, arrived at the western Pacific waters near Okinotorishima, and held anti-submarine exercises in this. A few days earlier, the North Sea Fleet of the PLA just finished a small fleet exercises in the South China Sea, and from the opposite direction across the Miyako Strait.

Chinese Navy led a series of maritime exercises between Japan and the U.S. media attention. Japan's "Yomiuri Shimbun," commented: "The recent exercises that the Chinese navy is a can in the 'first island chain' to carry out operations outside the modern Navy." Foundation, the U.S. intelligence 库詹姆斯敦 comment on the article, said the unprecedented scale of the exercise seems to claim that China has mature outside the "blue water navy."

Not only the Navy, the rapid progress of China's air force also made the U.S. feel "anxious." United States, "Foreign Affairs" magazine web site early in July there is articles said that the Chinese air force's advanced aerial refueling aircraft, if not, its combat radius can be up to 900 nautical miles, enough to cover the "first island chain."

In fact, the Chinese Navy "breakthrough" the "first island chain" capability is no longer news in the eyes of Western countries, they are now more concerned about the Chinese navy's "ocean-going operational strength." Since December 2008, China has been rampant in the Gulf of Aden to pirates, to send warships to Somali waters, do escort missions. This, Japanese media have commented: "In the Gulf of Aden to combat piracy actions conducive to the accumulation of Chinese ocean-going naval combat experience." "Los Angeles Times" said the escort mission in Somalia is growing Chinese Navy, "a comprehensive, overseas the flares. "

China's rising naval hardware

United States and Japan tried to blockade the Chinese navy's attempt, after all is an illusion. With China's rapid economic development and globalization of China's national interests, China's fledgling navy is only a matter of time.

90 years ago in the last century, the Chinese navy's main from "LD"-class destroyer, "Wild World"-class missile frigates, 033 conventional submarines and other warships and composition of the tonnage of these vessels less common, less able to shortcomings voyage . The lack of advanced surface warships main air defense missiles and radar systems, need to shore-based air cover, can effectively combat capability. Can be said that the early Chinese fleet is a wing in the Air Force combat forces under the coastal waters.

With the rapid economic development, China's shipbuilding industry has made considerable progress. The Chinese Navy has new destroyers, frigates and large dock landing ship and other equipment have been completely out of the "Soviet style", forming a distinctive "Chinese characteristics", such advanced warships for the Chinese navy into an offshore foundation.

One aspect of warship, 052C-class "Chinese Aegis", 051C "Russian type Aegis" destroyers and other models have served to make the Chinese Navy with a regional air defense capability for the deployment of ocean-going fleet to provide "umbrella"; a large number of new The "Jiang Kai" class frigates already in service, and anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden have a good performance by stealth ship design, equipped with a vertical launch air defense missiles; advanced conventional submarines, as well as speculation that the new nuclear submarines , will enhance the ability of the Chinese navy's underwater deterrent. At present, the Chinese navy's ocean-going ability to act with the United States and Europe, etc. Although there is not a small naval power gap, but with good "bones" and wanted to become a powerful ocean-going navy, just keep filling "muscle."

Expert Comments: The United States and Japan should adapt to China's naval expansion

Cold War has been for many years, but "on the first island chain" still cause trouble, it shows that some people in U.S. and Japan have not yet out of the psychological shadow of the Cold War. Famous Chinese strategist, Rear Admiral Yang Yi, the National Defense University on the "News of the World," told reporters: "The United States still did not give up now 'island chain system of China' strategy, which the United States to pursue hegemony of the ocean has a direct relationship. Based on this mentality, the United States could allow China to try to be brave land, but does not allow China to the sea but only challenge the United States. "


Experts pointed out that, in fact, the United States and Japan and other countries should get used to the Chinese navy's development. Maritime transport is the lifeblood of the economy, improve naval power to protect national maritime interests, defend the national interests of China an important part of China to increase international contributions is an important way. "Chinese Navy has been pursuing a policy of active defense, our goal is not to expand their control of certain areas, but rather to serve China's national interests and the international community to contribute to public safety." Yang Yi said.

Yang Yi said that China will not have the "first island chain" to hold back, give up the development of its own naval forces. On the contrary, United States and Japan need to recognize the power of the Chinese navy into the possibility of world stability, rather than a geographical artificial island chain, create tension in the Western Pacific.
 

26 Ministry of Defence denied the rumors that evening over a hundred military aircraft flew over Qingdao

Core Tip: Ministry of Defence spokesman Geng Yansheng conference held here, said there have been reports on the 26th night hundreds of fighter planes flying over in Qingdao, and lasted 40 minutes. He claims that there is no matter. Hope that the news media not to over-speculation and interpretation.



Issued a User called "Qingdao many fighters flew over the" photos




Defense Ministry spokesman Geng Yansheng

China Network on July 31 reported that the Ministry of Defence spokesman Geng Yansheng conference held here, said the Chinese military in recent years to increase coverage of the military exercises, mainly to reflect the Chinese military more open, pragmatic and transparent, I hope the news media not to over-speculation and interpretation.

Recently, the news media on the Chinese military is very concerned about the military exercises. "It is reported that hundreds of fighters on the 26th night sky over Qingdao and lasted 40 minutes. As far as I know, no matter." Geng Yansheng said the media reports the news of the Chinese armed forces in military exercises, "some is non-existent, repeated the baseless assertion. "
 

China certainly will not damage China-ROK partnership self-interest
Core Tip: Since the "Tian" ship since the incident, some media constantly Korea South Korea "strategic cooperative partnership" to question. Institute of Asia-Pacific member Intensifying the Korean Peninsula, said "strategic partnership" is by no means "I agree with your conclusions, I agree your idea," something as simple as it can not hurt the party at the expense of the other party in exchange for recognition.




July 25, U.S. Navy USS Washington with South Korean Navy amphibious assault ship Dokdo towards the Sea of Japan to conduct joint naval exercises.

Global Times - World Wide Web on July 31 reported that since the "Tian" ship since the incident, some media constantly Korea South Korea "strategic cooperative partnership" to question, they believe "in the political and security aspects of the two countries continue to came the voice of discord "; and for the Korea-US military exercises in the Yellow Sea, China has made a" strong reaction "is South Korea's" pressing harder and harder. " South Korean media questioned in South Korea is widespread. The Chinese people of Korea around the "Tian" ship incident and the recent ROK-US speech deliberately pulled the U.S. aircraft carrier under the nose of the performance of the Chinese offensive, they are also questioned on the issue of China-ROK relations: Korea really is China's "strategic partner" it?

The establishment of strategic partnership between China and the ROK have been more than two years. Cooperation in economic, financial, environmental, cultural and personnel exchanges have made a considerable development. But in the military and security is still the lack of obvious. Around the "Tian" ship generated since the incident all the "discordant voices" is a concrete manifestation of this loss.

The establishment of strategic partnership between China and South Korea can start with Roh Moo-hyun administration began in the mid-term, and to determine the time when Lee Myung-bak government came to power soon. The Government is almost two times two, whether the U.S. policy toward the DPRK, or have undergone some major changes significantly. It is these changes on the military and security aspects of the already fragile strategic partnership between China and South Korea and cause further loss. In the United States policy, the two governments attach great importance to ROK-US alliance, but during the Roh Moo-hyun administration, weakening trend of the Korea-US relations, Lee Myung-bak government tend to be more dependent on ROK-US alliance. Policy toward the DPRK, the Roh government policy towards the implementation of peace and prosperity, Lee Myung-bak government to "nuclear" on the top of the policy toward the DPRK, and even that does not implement the denuclearization of the DPRK, not for economic cooperation. South Korean government's policy toward the DPRK and the United States in turn has greatly influenced the strategic partnership between China and South Korea in the military and security developments, or even a retreat without progress.

Lee Myung-bak government thought that, by virtue of the Korea-China "strategic partnership" relations to China can easily agree with their findings, with a strong Korea-US alliance can be to put pressure on China, or even want to force the containment of China support or acquiescence of the UN Security Council passed a binding resolution on sanctions against the DPRK. But its approach to meet Chinese resistance. They also did not expect the introduction of the U.S. aircraft carrier in the Yellow Sea to participate in ROK-US speech will be met with fierce opposition from China. These things are not China South Korea's "pressing harder and harder", but South Korea to help the United States on China at every step.


The so-called "strategic partnership" is by no means "I agree with your conclusions, I agree with your idea" as a simple matter. It is based on common interests in major international and regional issues with long-term strategy of consultation and coordination. It can not hurt the party at the expense of the other party in exchange for recognition. South Korea at this point, the apparent lack of understanding. South Korea's emphasis on the role of the ROK-US alliance is completely understandable. But "one-sided" policy with great risk. Multimodal speech at issue, South Korea believed the United States, "Fudge", but ultimately the U.S. aircraft carrier to bypass the Yellow Sea, is an obvious example. The United States is the highest priority to national interests, it was simply unwilling to take risks with China fell out in the political and military fully meet the requirements of the South Korean government.

Exchanges in the countries, people often succumb to the pressure of big countries while ignoring the demands of a small country; people often used to help power the forces of the power of self-neglect. South Korea's over-reliance on the ROK-US military alliance, while the excessive reliance on strategic partnership between China and South Korea is a typical example of such thinking. South Korea need to face reality and deal with, including the DPRK bilateral relations and regional issues, re-take the path of dialogue rather than confrontation, China and South Korea for the lack of effective strategic partnership to add some new content.
 

South Korean troops will be Aug. 5 from a separate anti-submarine exercises in the Yellow Sea
Core Tip: Korean military Joint Staff spokesman Li Peng announced the rain on the 30th, as "Tian An" incident of the responses, one of South Korean troops will be 5 to 9 August, held a separate anti-submarine exercises in the Yellow Sea.



July 27, the ships participated in the Korea-US joint military exercises carried out live firing

Xinhua reported on July 31 South Korea's military Joint Staff spokesman Li Peng announced the rain on the 30th, as "Tian An" incident of the responses, one of South Korean troops will be 5 to 9 August, held a separate anti-submarine exercises in the Yellow Sea.


Li Peng Yu said South Korea Armed Forces and the Marine Corps will jointly participate in the "high-intensity exercise." To participate in naval exercises have 4,500-ton South Korean destroyer, 1200 tons, 1,800-ton submarines, and frigates, warning ships, Air Force F-15K and will be KF-16 fighters participated in the exercise. Army and Marine Corps special forces will be put into preventing the infiltration of troops and equipment.

LI Peng rainfall that exercise's aim is "improve fighting ability Western Sea", will exercise details announced Aug. 4.

The exercises in South Korea in the "Tian" was held after the event as part of a series of military exercises. Anti-submarine exercises in the South Korean army alone, the ROK will also be held from August 16 regular joint military exercises each year. In addition, the ROK will be held in September in the Yellow Sea, the Sea of Japan following the recent joint military exercises at sea after the second joint military exercise.

People's Liberation Army for the first time long-distance transportation by highway mechanized equipment
Core Tip: Beijing Military Region army mechanized infantry brigade of the 20 sets of 30 mechanized equipment used vehicle way from a place in Shanxi Expressway to a tactical training base in Inner Mongolia entered. This is the first military vehicle on the highway by way of long-distance mobile mechanized equipment.



Data for: road transport by heavy vehicles to the domestic tank

Xinhua reported on July 31 Beijing Military Region army mechanized infantry brigade of the 20 sets of 30 mechanized equipment used vehicle way from a place in Shanxi Expressway to a tactical training base in Inner Mongolia entered. This is the first military vehicle on the highway by way of long-distance mobile mechanized equipment.


According to the Beijing Military Region's Transport Minister Hua Dong, during the car on the highway long-distance mobility of mechanized equipment, the PLA Beijing Military Region headquarters to give the task. Mechanized infantry brigade of the heavy equipment used by the headquarters of an automobile tire regiment heavy equipment transporter vehicle, long-distance distance 555 km. Mechanized equipment is made loads of new equipment, vehicles, load capacity 50 tons, is the latest military equipment, heavy-duty vehicles.

The vehicle's heavy mechanized equipment are: 10 units of armored carriers, each weighing 12.8 tons; 4 sets of integrated mine clearance vehicles, each weight 38.5 tons; 3 sets armored command vehicle, each weight is 12.8 tons; an armored traction Taiwan vehicles, heavy 38.5 tons; 2 crawler trailer, each weight 18 tons; will not damage the highway.

Mechanization of the traditional land-based military equipment mobile in two ways: one is its own mobile mechanical equipment, in this way serious road damage; a railway transportation, the conditions in this way is limited, there is no railway lines can not be mobile.
 

Chinese destroyer sailors were surprised that data link function
Core Tip: in July of the East China Sea, the East China Sea Fleet of the Navy destroyer detachment of a successful completion of a number of training courses difficult task. Known as "sea ace teacher" in this detachment has made the liberation of a country has the seven islands with brilliant achievements in war seven Czech Republic, setting the first ships to visit, for the first time to go overseas to participate in 32 joint military exercises and other records, complete hundreds of times to complete important tasks such as combat readiness exercises.



East China Sea Fleet of Russian-made modern destroyers by the end of July to participate in live-fire exercises in the South China Sea



Data Figure: China accused Taiwan of new warships



Data Figure: U.S. Navy warships in the multi-functional information terminals battlefield

July 31 Xinhua reported in July in the East China Sea, rough. Navy destroyer detachment of the East China Sea where soldiers play cloth array. Missiles take off, Gun Exhaust ... ... in a few days and nights, the soldiers fighting the wind and waves, the successful completion of the combination of continuous anti-air defense weapons and short-lead, ships in a complex electromagnetic environment, carry out long-range precision strikes and an integrated air and missile defense, etc. difficult task of approved training courses to enable integration of combat forces are greatly improved.

Since establishment in 1949, known as "sea ace teacher" has made the liberation of the detachment of a country island, the seven brilliant war record seven Czech Republic, setting the first fleet visit, the first to go overseas to participate in joint military exercises, etc. 32 record, the successful completion of hundreds of major tasks such as combat readiness exercise, was the headquarters for 12 years as a "military training unit."

"108 will be" - elite division in the ocean shine

Century, the naval detachment was identified as the only military information to participate in the pilot unit conversion. First use of new equipment, soldiers surprised: hundreds of miles away coming from the target data, battlefield data, sea state map, clearly revealed in the comprehensive screen on the Display Console.

Vast sea, transforming itself into a virtual digital ocean. I ran when he was chief of detachment of Qiu Yanpeng crushing shoulder. His playing backpack, to live ship, in each position on the war. A few months later, his new equipment performance parameters, using methods well known in the heads of agencies closed training evaluation, fluent.

Touyan in the leading, group geese in battle array. Detachment of officers and men to learn new equipment, and craze for the use of new equipment quickly. Formed by the highly educated cadres, high-tech knowledge learning support groups set up; modern communication technology, electronic warfare training course to the theory; to five non-commissioned officers based backbone "NCO Group" set up, they full valet, participation in the information equipment installation and commissioning, a total of 28 species of the preparation of six categories of information using the procedures and equipment operation and maintenance rules for the use and maintenance.

A year later, the detachment of information ushered in the first modified exercise of genuine confrontation.

Ships, radar, high speed, missiles and guns ready; battle site, the crew health refers to flying, an orderly transfer of information articles, a Road instruction is repeatedly issued. As "red" fleet commander Qiuyan Peng, orderly development of operational plans.

General offensive soon. However, the "blue army" of strong electromagnetic interference, so that the "Red Army" sudden loss goals. Radar screen, snow-like layers of false signals.

"FM, the standby program!" Qiuyan Peng ordered the "re-lock the target of the missile attack!"

Missile close to the sea, escape the gun to intercept electronic bait fog drilled accurately hit the "enemy" command ship, the sea had risen rapidly in a mass of bright fireball.

Detachment of the "seed units, General cradle" reputation. In the first round of restructuring, the detachment forces have for the brothers and sending more than 7,700 outstanding sailors, out of 108 naval officers, and the emergence of a "God can pilot a plane, ships on the sea," the good captain Bai Yaoping, "army Excellent local cadres and students, "Dr. Liu Zhe such a large number of Captain talents.

Have such an elite group of troops, destined to bloom out in the ocean with dazzling brilliance.


March 9, 2007, a certain area of the Indian Ocean. "Peace -07" multi-national joint military exercise under way. Detachment "Lianyungang" and "Sanming" behalf of the Chinese naval missile frigate participating.

Abroad to participate in multinational joint military exercise at sea, which the Navy is the first time in history.

17:00, joint military exercises as the "key" - gun attack on the sea began.

"Sanming" floating ship guns to target shooting. "No. 1 target has been hit floating!"

"'Lianyungang' attack on the 2nd ship floating targets!" "No. 2 floating target was hit!"

Detachment of the two warships for the first time international "exam" are made out of ... ...

Went to the Western Pacific from offshore training exercises to COSCO sea combined operations; from multiple combined-arms operations, to integrated joint operations, the detachment is always in the forefront of military transformation.

Anti-submarine attack submarine was - lost, birth number of new training and operational methods

One summer, a frigate and a helicopter detachment coalition attack submarine exercise regiment. As the ship used to man against the officers and men, alone their own weapons buried in the sea to find the potential, but then a helicopter anti-submarine search range, attack speed advantages turn a blind eye, the results missed the best time of attack, anti-submarine are potential attack.

The exercise, to the detachment of the officers and men firmly lesson: If you do not seize the opportunity for integrated training, creating new tactics and training methods, update operational concept, it is difficult to win the naval battle under modern conditions.

Innovation, training a group familiar with the Navy from the 5 major branches of the military system, the master-service operating model and the performance of complex equipment, the officers and men to start. Detachment commanders annually selected outstanding to other services on behalf of the staff, technicians regularly invited to teach their brothers and forces the characteristics of the method and the synergies between the various branches of the military attack and defense of such knowledge. Offer "non-commissioned officers evening" "information warfare science research class" classification of the officers and soldiers to conduct the training, to enhance the integration of combat training of personnel quality.

Upgrade to proceed from the greater integration of training intensity. Detachment with dozens of brothers in establishing joint training, to be organized every quarter an exercise. To enhance the integration of training effect, the detachment set up simulation training platform, based on "tactical training systems," and LAN, organizational detachment, ship two commanders fighting.

Issues a year to organize a mission-line deduction training commanders hoc decisions and organizational ability to command. They also rely on professional video teaching software, simulation training software and assessment question bank software, to launch the online teaching, online learning, online test, online practice training methods to enhance the capacity and training of commanders and soldiers of the training level.

3 years, the detachment has developed a fully trained destroyers and frigates, more than 30 vice captain, department heads and more than 270, and intelligent groups of outstanding non-commissioned officers. Now, the well-known characteristics of the various branches of the military operations, skilled to the arms of the tactics applied to the joint confrontation has become the basis for assessing a detachment of officers and men problems.

A, detachment organizations Sea area training voyage. Have been fully trained for many years captain of China left the terminal packet Road, he was chief of staff, Zhao Weidong test into a cold sweat.

"Channels found on the mine, and quickly to avoid!" "Hit the deck after the fire and immediately organized the fire!" One by one danger after another came. Shortly afterward, the ship has sounded the "enemy" air raid sirens ... ... Zhao Weidong out of more than 10 consecutive title.

In the following days, more than one exam a hard ... ... return back, review-type summary of officers and men, find out the existence of the 32 training problems and solutions worked out one by one.

"Only then did a really really practice, can we find the exercise problems, solve problems, thus improving the integration of combat forces." Detachment of the political commissar, said Zhai forever.

Rigorous and realistic training, the officers and men trained to make a win out of skill. Formation in a parent organization the actual offensive and defensive missiles at sea training, the detachment of soldiers fully shown edge.

Rebound in training, is listed as military training areas in the world today, "the five problem" one. As the missile speed, low altitude, the radar line of sight from the entrance warning, to the target is locked, leaving time to prepare to intercept only a few seconds. It is this fleeting few seconds, may be directly determines the victory of the war.

High wind and waves of the sea, three missiles under the cover of electromagnetic interference, to the "Lianyungang", "Sanming" was composed of two guided missile frigate fleet hit after another.

"Start the electronic warfare equipment!" "Lock the target!" "Fire!" Just a few seconds, all war-bit organized, work closely together, three missiles roared vacated, the waist cut off incoming missiles.

In recent years, the detachment explore more than 50 kinds of new training methods and tactics, information under the condition of "a destroyer squadron combat 'enemy' surface ships" and a large number of new tactics to be tested.

"Seven-seven Czech Republic" - "the eighth time fighting broke out in the next minute"

Detachment of the party always the ultimate target cells in winning the next war.

In 2008, when he was political commissar Li Jianjun detachment made: "'Seven-seven Czech Republic,' the glory of the past, we face the eighth fighting broke out in the next minute."

To this end, every possible use of special weather detachment party, special tasks such as time, wind and waves led troops in stroke, in an environment of unimaginable force repeatedly beat.

Sea voyage the training area, they never avoid the cold front, rolling 30 degrees are common. Led leadership is always glued to the cab, operator motion sickness is serious, even spit bile, still insist on continuing operations. This cross-sea voyage training area, an acquired is half a month, returning officers and men lost weight, but more stable in the deck of the station.

Morning, "emergency preparedness flight preparation" and pressed for a naval ring broke the quiet. Suddenly, the business district of vehicles back and forth, emergency medicine, non-staple food emergency supplies and personnel were rushed back from emergency leave the dock 20 minutes.

Every time out to sea, sea command post will be tired and relaxed at the occasion of the officers and men, set the air, submarine tracking, torpedo attacks and other emergency situations, leading the troops to go all the way, playing along.

Combined with the special task of training the first voyage, the first independent organizations in collaboration with the maritime surveillance strength training, for the first time in the implementation of combat training is far from the sea ... ... again and again tempering and tempering, making detachment of officers and men to become formidable opponents "Sea Tigers."

To guard against the activities in the waters around our country a country ships, food and fresh water in the main case is almost exhausted, they are doing the "bite" to live the other 3 days 2 nights, he just forced away from its waters around me; for the expulsion of a Sea foreign armed vessels, they rushed to attack the Mid-Autumn night, like Shenbingtianjiang make each other's panic escape ... ...

"I am a soldier, we must always keep a charge attitude, ready to fight!" This is a detachment of officers and soldiers clank oath.

Battle position where the line of duty.

A, detachment organizations ships voyage training in South China Sea maritime supply. Day, deck temperatures as high as 72 degrees Celsius. To prevent spontaneous combustion pipeline explosion, "Lianyungang" long Rowan Electrical missile frigate stood under the scorching sun on the deck to monitor temperature changes. Supply end of the collapse of his whole people.


"Hefei" missile destroyer gun artillery Li Mengjiang first encountered large waves on the sea, ships, he felt severe chest tightness, nausea and shaking. As he prepared to leave the war-bit to the bathroom vomiting, ear came squad leader shouted: "Now is the Battle alert!" At this time, he found, to the ordinary sailors from the fleet commander, everyone put on their battle position tied to the on.

At that moment, he understands the meaning of war places: war position is a battlefield, they are in battle position, the battle is not over!

Detachment fighting education hall, hung a special drawing board.

8 tied for the drawing board, before the seven were posted on the formation of the detachment participated since the fighting in the name of the 7th, scenes and time. A drawing board at the last, and only one sentence: "the eighth time fighting broke out in the next minute ... ..."
 

"Artificial sun" to enter a decisive phase program funded 10% of China


International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Organization of the Council has formally approved the "base document" showing that the specific implementation of the ITER plans to enter a decisive phase. TER also called "artificial sun" program, which deuterium extracted from seawater through the fusion reaction occurred, 1 liter of sea water in the deuterium extracted from the energy produced with 300 liters of gasoline on the very. China's participation is considered for long-term energy strategy.

Xinmin Evening News reported July 31 the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Organization of the Council from 27 to 28 seat in the organization, Cadarache in southern France, held a special meeting to formally approve the "base document", which marks ITER plans to enter the decisive stage of implementation.

28, China International Nuclear Fusion Energy Luo Delong, deputy director of implementation of the plan, said participation in ITER plan reflects China's commitment to the development of clean energy.

Luo Delong said, ITER, also known as "artificial sun" program aims to develop clean energy, China's participation not only reflects the Chinese government's determination in this regard is to consider for long-term energy strategy. He said that China has become one of the world's largest energy consumer, to solve this problem, we should take place in the field of energy production. At present, on the one hand and the fission energy, fossil fuels continue to work hard, while also looking for alternative sources of energy. Now look, ITER may be the real long-term, reliable solution.

Luo Delong said: "The ITER project by way of energy production, that is, deuterium extracted from seawater through the fusion reaction occurred, 1 liter of sea water in the deuterium extracted from the energy produced with 300 liters of gasoline on a considerable, from the raw materials can be used without ; from the clean side, it does not produce greenhouse gases, and high-level radioactive nuclear waste, so in terms of environmental or safety point of view are very good. "


Luo Delong said, as the ITER project participants, the Chinese have devoted great effort. First of all, the process of establishing the organization, the Chinese do very specific work, in the future will be active 参与 组织 ITER operation and management; second, in funding, China Cheng Dan was nearly a 10% share; Thirdly, China Guo Nei 10% of construction components; fourth operation in the future, China hopes to conduct its own test reactor. Currently, researchers are internal in the existing experimental fusion device, the necessary preparations for the operational phase.

ITER plans for the implementation of the various problems encountered in the process, Luo Delong said that in all the way to achieve fusion, ITER plan should be the most commercial operation standards. "Of course, a thing from scratch, but also solve many problems, which is multi-together to establish the reasons for Experimental Reactor."

 

China will not let America into the South China Sea, the more confused by the United States Namo
Core Tip: China and Southeast Asia relations can be stable, Sino-Vietnamese relations is the key. Vietnam need to be vigilant, not to let themselves into the U.S. strategy to contain and prevent the rise of China's pawn. China and Vietnam to resolve the territorial problem between the two countries have land borders and the northern Gulf examples. China will not allow the United States in the South China Sea, the release of its free "national interest", hopes Vietnam before the spell in the West do not waver.



July 26, the Navy three main ships in the South China Sea Fleet held exercises with live ammunition

Global Times - World Wide Web on July 30 reported the relationship between China and Southeast Asian countries remain stable, Sino-Vietnamese relations is the key. China and Vietnam have political mutual reliance, the overall relations between the two relatively strong but the sea disputes in Vietnam and relatively prominent, two countries fighting in Sai Sha. A few days ago Clinton announced that the U.S. national interest in the South China Sea, the speech was published in Vietnam.

Vietnam is Southeast Asia's second-largest population in the country, rapid economic growth. Vietnam, China's attitude will affect the other Southeast Asian countries. But from another perspective, the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam is the only country in Southeast Asia, in the antithesis of Western ideology, a strong and prosperous China is an important basis for the legitimacy of the Vietnamese system. China and Vietnam have crossed the territorial dispute, the strategic needs of friendship and common prosperity.

China and Vietnam in recent decades have had the experience of the joint anti-US, but each other because of territorial disputes have been many war, but now, two Guan Fang Du diluted once the conflict, the Vietnamese public opinion as the war is not as fond memories of India. Some incite "hate China" suppression of intellectuals in Vietnam. Two weeks ago, more than 1300 km-long Sino-Vietnamese land border demarcation came into effect. And as early as six years ago, the two countries had implemented the northern Gulf maritime delimitation agreements, this is a maritime border with eight neighboring countries, only a controversial border demarcation agreement.

Both Vietnam and China in a close, they expect the United States a special point. And pulled in Vietnam, do not let it into the embrace of the West, around the grand strategy of China is important.

Use in Vietnam to destroy China's surrounding environment, and then to Southeast Asia to fight the forefront of obstructing the rise of China, the United States and some Western strategists long-term aspirations. This year in February, the Pentagon report said, the United States deter China's aggressive trend in the South China Sea, Vietnam is an increasingly important strategic ally. Western media are keen to talk about China and Vietnam conflicts and disputes, but rarely highlight the ideological bond between the two countries on China and Vietnam. Western media often regard China compared to the "elephant", it is possible at any time the south, "the stepping Vietnam", a similar provocation in Vietnam have had some impact civil.


Western response to the rise of China, there may still greater efforts to win over Vietnam. But this strategy needs based approach used in Vietnam, can not last forever. Have been used in China against the Soviet Union and the West, but with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the strategic relationship between China and the West soon changed. Vietnam probably know what this.

China and Vietnam on the Spratly Islands dispute in the pressure system of the Vietnamese society than Western pressure. China and Vietnam passed the road of reform and opening up very close to home and around the two countries have maintained stability and the desire to concentrate on economic development. To maintain relations with China in ensuring long-term political environment in Vietnam and are vital economic interests.

Vietnam need to be vigilant, not to let themselves into the U.S. strategy to contain and prevent the rise of China's pawn. China and Vietnam to resolve the territorial issue and land border in the northern Gulf between the two countries have examples of this experience with the introduction of alien forces of the United States. China will not allow the United States in the South China Sea, the release of its free "national interest", hopes Vietnam before the spell in the West do not waver.
 

People's Liberation Army to carry live ammunition for the first time three generations of aircraft altitude training in the Southwest (map)
Core Tip: July 27 evening, the snow-covered plateau at a military airport, several of the planes into the air force regiment of heavily armed fighters landed ... ... this is the third generation Air Force fighter planes for the first time in the accounting field plateau execution time 8-hour live police patrol mission, to create a new type of aircraft altitude high intensity training, full load protection, limits challenges the first of its kind.



Against the exercise. Figure fighter aircraft for the domestic J--11



Air formation



Check fighter


Liberation Army Daily reported on July 30 July 27 evening, the snow-covered plateau at a military airport, with two blue and white umbrella on the runway to draw a beautiful arc, several of the planes into the air force regiment of heavily armed aircraft landed firmly dressed in sunset ... ... This is the third generation military aircraft accounted for the first time in the implementation of high altitude site for 8 hours of live police patrol mission, to create a new type of aircraft altitude high intensity training, full load protection, limits set a precedent for challenges .

Since March this year, the regiment's soldiers were ordered to enter a plateau southwest of the airport stationed there for training. They reacted strongly to overcome the high altitude, physical exertion great difficulties, tight organization of complex meteorological conditions, altitude flight tactics to explore the performance limits of flight and flight testing, organization of new aircraft for high altitude high altitude training. Explore the oxygen content is low, and aircraft maneuverability in case of poor training, effectively improved the troops under special conditions in high altitude combat. Up to now, the regiment stationed there for training in the plateau reached during the 80% share of tactical training.
 

The number of the PLA submarine fleet will be maintained at between 58-88
Core Tip: Chinese Navy since 1995, with an average annual rate of 2.9 fitted out the introduction of new submarines, has been fitted out in a total of 38 various types of submarines, including 26 homemade submarines. The report also refers to the PLA Navy, the number of all types of submarines will remain at the 58-88 ships, of which the number of submarines from 40 to 60 rooms.



Data Figure: China's imports from the Russian Kilo-class conventional submarines



Data Figure: Chinese-made Type 039 submarine is currently the largest known number of new submarine equipment

Rapid progress of China's naval modernization, since 1995, with an average annual rate of 2.9 fitted out the introduction of new submarines, has been fitted out in a total of 38 various types of submarines, including 26 homemade submarines. The report also pointed out that if China made submarines fitted out the same speed, the PLA Navy, the number of all types of submarines will always remain at between 58-88 ships, which made the number of submarines will be maintained at between 40 to 60.

"Gem" class submarine attack, covering U.S.

China's submarine modernization has created a more modern and more powerful submarine fleet, which has aroused great concern in the outside world. August 2009 the U.S. Navy intelligence report: "Since the mid-90s, China Bian Jiang's efforts to modernize submarine force as one of the main directions."

Allegedly, from 1995 to 2007, China listed installed a total of 38 various types of submarines, an average annual 2.9 out equipment. If the average loading rate of the submarine out to be sustained, and assume that the average service time of the submarine 20-30 years, then the number of Chinese submarines of various types will always be maintained at between 58-88 ships. Moreover, in addition to 12 purchased from Russia, "Kilo" class submarines 1995-2007, China had installed 26 domestically listed submarine, or an average of two per year. If the column loading rate unlimited continues, and assuming the average life of the submarine 20-30 years, then all types of Chinese-made submarine will be the number has remained steady at between 40-60 ships.

When the end of 2006, China received eight Russian "Kilo" class conventional attack submarines, after it has 90s of last century purchased 4 from Russia, "Kilo" class submarines. Recently, China has built or is building four levels of submarines, including 094 type "Jin" class nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines, 093, "Business" class nuclear attack submarines, 041 type "Element" class conventional attack submarines, and 039 / 039G-type "Song" class conventional attack submarines.

Compared with the Chinese outdated submarines, the four levels of submarines and the "Kilo" class submarine is more modern, more powerful ability. It is believed that the new submarine design, at least in part to benefit from Russia's submarine technology and design knowledge. Most of the Chinese submarines equipped with the following 1 or 2 kinds of weapons and equipment: Anti-ship cruise missiles, guided torpedo and mine wakes. It is believed that China has recently received eight "Kilo" class submarines equipped with the powerful performance of SS-N-27 "hot" (Sizzler) anti-ship cruise missiles. "Business" class nuclear submarine may be equipped with a ground attack cruise missile.

While the old Chinese "Ming" class (Type 035) submarines built in the old technology formed the basis of, and performance than the performance of China's new submarine design low, but China may decide to continue to allow these older submarines in service - its use as a mine-laying ship, or as bait to lure enemy submarines (such as the U.S. nuclear-powered submarines), and then arrange the PLA Navy submarine attack enemy submarines more advanced.


Every ship, "Jin" class submarine is expected with 12 "waves -2" type submarine-launched ballistic missile. U.S. Department of Defense has estimated that these missiles will be in 2009 or 2010 series installed, the range of 7200 km. This range can, "Jin" class attack submarines from China's coastal areas within the target, Alaska, Hawaii from Japanese attack in the southern target, attack the western United States from Hawaii, the 48 western states goals, from Hawaii, the eastern attack targets all 50 states .

U.S. Navy Intelligence Agency in August 2009 issued a report including a description of the icon 095 submarines, the report also predicted that this new type of submarine to the time of the year 2015 will be formally commissioned by the Navy. Report, this new submarine more "business" class submarine quieter.

China or the construction of 1-6 aircraft carrier

Observers believe that China is likely to soon launch the aircraft carrier construction work. They believe that China will renovate its 1998 purchase of the "Kuznetsov" aircraft carrier, and may be used as a training ship. Observers also believe that China may be in the next few years, the construction of one to six aircraft carriers. Chinese officials have begun openly discussing the aircraft carrier in the coming out the possibility of loading. It is reported that China has begun training its first batch of 50 aircraft carrier pilots, and negotiations with the Russian carrier purchase 50 Russian-made Su -33 fighter related issues.

Furthermore, there may be independently developed by Chinese aircraft carrier. According to the U.S. Department of Defense said that China is actively developing aircraft carrier, the shipbuilding industry may be at the end of the decade began building aircraft carriers. August 2009 the U.S. Navy intelligence report says China is renovated, "Kuznetsov" aircraft carrier, and plans to build an independent carrier. Observers also envisaged China's size and capacity of the new aircraft carrier. Taking into account the existence of the construction and operation of aircraft technical challenges, China may choose to start the construction of 40 thousand to 70 thousand tons of conventional-powered aircraft carrier-class, and then the construction of large nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. Some observers forecast that China's first aircraft carrier of the displacement may be 60 000 -7 million tons.

Displacement of nearly 40,000 tons of aircraft able to carry a small amount of vertical short takeoff and landing aircraft, but it is impossible to operate conventional aircraft landing. Displacement of nearly 70,000 tons of aircraft carriers to support a larger air wings, suitable for operation than conventional landing aircraft. In contrast, the U.S. Navy's LHA / LHD-type amphibious assault ship (similar to medium-sized aircraft carrier) of about 40,000 tons displacement, and is limited to the vertical short takeoff and landing aircraft operations. Navy's "Midway", "Fulaisite" and "Kitty Hawk" class conventionally powered aircraft carrier (currently in service are not yet) the displacement from 69,000 to 85,000 tons in between, able to operate more conventional landing aircraft. Navy's current "Nimitz" class nuclear-powered aircraft carrier displacement of about 10 million tonnes, to operate a large number of conventional aircraft landing.

Although the conflict in the Taiwan Strait in the carrier may be some value of the PLA, but in this case, they are fighting for the PLA is not crucial, because the PLA land-based aircraft in the Taiwan Strait between the voyage. However, the PLA can use the aircraft carrier force projection. The carrier is also available for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations, maritime security operations (such as anti-piracy operations) and non-combatant evacuation operations. From a political perspective, the aircraft carrier on the mainland to enhance the status of the major world power image of great value, because the carrier used as a symbol of world power status. Confrontation involving the U.S. Navy and Air Force combat situations, in conflict, the Chinese aircraft carrier may be vulnerable to attack U.S. warships and aircraft, but that such attacks will be dispersed to the United States warships and aircraft's ability to perform other tasks.

PLA's ability to improve surface ships at an alarming rate

Since the early 90s of last century, China purchased four from Russia, "modern" class destroyers, and the deployment of the nine new levels of domestic destroyers and frigates, which indicates that modernization of the PLA Navy surface ships fleet has made significant progress. In addition, China also has deployed a double hull design of the new level of stealth missile boats. 2009, U.S. Navy intelligence report said the PLA surface one of the strongest strategic forces in the world, its capacity is increased at an alarming rate.

In 1996, China has ordered two from Russia, "modern" class destroyers, 1999 and 2001, the destroyer officially listed equipment. In 2002, China and from Russia ordered the two destroyers, two ships were in 2005 and 2006 series equipment. "Modern" class destroyers equipped with SS-N-22 "Sunburn" anti-ship cruise missiles. According to U.S. Secretary of Defense, from 2005 to 2006 using the two delivered to the Chinese "modern" class destroyers are equipped with anti-ship cruise missiles as well as wide-area air defense system, reflecting that China purchased two destroyers before the comparison, these two The quality has been improved.

Since the early 90s of last century, China has also built four new levels of frigates, two of which level is another variant of the two-level ship. And the mid 70s of last century and in 1989 out of 053 frigates loaded, the new frigate to a more advanced level. The same with the new destroyers, the four new levels of combat capability of air defense frigates have improved. The difference is that with the new destroyer, some of the new frigate has entered mass production.


"Jiang Kai" class frigate with the French, "Lafayette"-class missile frigate similar stealth design - This French frigate in 1996 and officially commissioned by the Navy. "Jiang Kai-II" class frigate is "River Kai-I" class frigate of the improved its air missiles equipped with vertical launch systems. In 2007, one observer said that the Chinese were believed to be the construction of 28-30 054A "Jiang Kai-II" class frigates, to gradually replace the old frigate.

At least 190 to replace its old-fashioned fast attack boats (including 37 equipped with anti-ship cruise missiles), 2004, China introduced a new anti-ship cruise missiles equipped with fast attack boats, the 022-type missile fast attack boats. The wave-piercing catamaran boats with stealth. Currently, there are at least six shipyards in the construction of such a fast attack boats. By 2008, when the class has 40 attack boats commissioned by the Navy, China may build a 100 attack submarine.
 

PLA cruise missiles at an annual rate of increase of 100
Core Tip: U.S. Agency for International Assessment and Strategy Center web site has published articles on military expert Richard Fisher, the threat posed by the PLA had predicted that over the past decade, the Chinese People's Liberation Army of ballistic missiles and cruise missiles are each 100 rate increase.



Data Figure: 10 cruise missiles sword

Xinhua reported on July 30 the U.S. International Assessment and Strategy Center web site has published articles on military expert Richard Fisher, the threat posed by the PLA had predicted that over the past decade, the Chinese People's Liberation Army ballistic missiles and cruise missiles are rate of 100 a year increase.

The article said that the PLA in recent years, increasing military superiority in the Taiwan Strait, the PLA reduced U.S. forces to use bases in Japan and Guam base station forces the ability to aid growing. However, the PLA's military development trend forecast is quite difficult, because the outside of the PLA's military modernization priorities and resources relative lack of understanding. Some Chinese statement said that the PLA's modernization goals is to be able to win in 2050 when the "information warfare", which also shows that when the time of its own to the United States can win the war. However, increasing the PLA's military has in the short term impact on the security of Taiwan. Predicted to be below 2020, Taiwan faces the PLA's capability needs.

PLA cruise missiles at an annual rate of increase of 100

Mid-2010 when the People's Liberation Army can be used for medium-range and short-range ballistic missiles, Taiwan's number of about 1500. It is unclear when it will decide the PLA should have enough conflict in the Taiwan missile. In the past decade, the PLA's short-range ballistic missile is approximately 100 per year rate of increase, while a small number of reports have suggested that the PLA cruise missiles may also increase the rate of 100 per year. Furthermore, the PLA is also developing two new levels of short-range ballistic missiles. In which a missile missiles will be Dongfeng -11 mobility and flexible payload into one. Although designed for export, but a source said the Chinese People's Liberation Army will be equipped with these missiles. In addition a short-range ballistic missile believed to be based on WS-2 and WS-3 rocket launcher developed based, GPS-guided, extended range of 200 km from 400 km. Dongfeng -15 or -11 with the wind than the low price of these missiles can be produced quickly, so that short-range missiles, the PLA inventory is increasing rapidly.

Analysts said the future of People's Liberation Army has been involved in will include anti-space, counter-space, long-range strike, mine, and network warfare capability. Once the capacity of the joint, it can greatly improve the cost of U.S. interference in the Taiwan Strait conflict. 2015 when one of the many capabilities will become a reality. More than 10 PLA reconnaissance satellite, a number of sky wave / OTH radar may soon be combined with a remote high-altitude unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and an increasing number of "Compass" navigation satellite, to provide for new anti-ship ballistic missiles, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, targeting ability. Moreover, the PLA will increase the number of submarines, the bombers, warships and submarines are equipped like the Osprey will soon be the new long-range anti-ship cruise missiles such as -62. The types of land-based anti-satellite interceptor missiles will continue to increase, and the PLA will be equipped with manned space chariot.

F -10 and F-11B will be made electronically scanned array radar with

2010, the People's Liberation Army Air Force and the People's Liberation Army Navy of about 500, and 3rd generation 4th generation fighters and fighter-bombers above, of which about 200 from Russia. It is estimated that the Chengdu J--10, Shenyang J-11B and Xian J H-7A fighter aircraft production is about 50-60 per year. The main variables producing the next fighter grasp of the PLA-made engine, and it may be to produce J-11B and J -10 FWS-10 used in the Taihang and Xiaolong used WS-13. Rolls-Royce in the UK with the help of Xi'an Aircraft Company started production in 2002 from J H-7A fighter used by the improved "Spey" turbo-fan engines. The Russian side believes that China in the manufacture of their engines when the engine will continue to buy them, so that the productivity of China's aircraft may be higher. F -10 and F-11B is the use of design will be electronically scanned array radar, so they could be included in the scope of the 4th generation fighters over. These may be caused by air police -2,000 20-30 jumbo and small number of air marshals -200 airborne warning and control aircraft to help radar.

People's Liberation Army Air Force General Ho honor in November 2009 in a public statement, said People's Liberation Army in 2010 started experimenting with long-5th generation fighter, perhaps to be between 2017-2019 deployment. This document and the U.S. Secretary of Defense Law of the People's Liberation Army Te Gaici predicted by 2020, the 5th generation fighter will not have had a direct contradiction. People's Liberation Army rarely make such statements about the future weapons program, perhaps China's leaders will be proud of the general's prediction of where to get some confidence. Informal sources indicate that early 5th generation fighter (perhaps the Chengdu Aircraft Company's products) and performance may be close to Lockheed's F-22. Nevertheless, in 2009, Obama is still struggling to make the U.S. Congress ended the F-22 production, only 187. Moreover, the informal sources also indicate that the PLA may be produced 300 new 5th generation fighter.

People's Liberation Army missile defense system into the mid 2020s

After four years of silence after the middle of May 2010 the PLA began to assemble the second dock landing ship Type 071 amphibious assault ships. Now it has accelerated the construction work? There are reports that the PLA may be planning to build six 081-type helicopters dock landing ship and six 071-type vessels, once these ships to join the existing small and medium-sized tank landing ship fleet, the People's Liberation Army amphibious troop-carrying capacity will be close to five million people. In 2006 Taiwan's "Ministry of National Defense," the report said, by "civil" transport, the PLA can transport more than 5 or 6 divisions, or to the military potential to double transport capacity. 2020 when the People's Liberation Army, or will start production of new C-17 级 200 tons of military transport aircraft.

This decade, the PLA-style combat robots may gradually emerge. The last decade, China invested heavily in the development of unmanned weapons systems, including airborne, land and marine instruments. In this June 9 -11 at the third day exhibition of Chinese UAV, the ground arms manufacturers - China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) unveiled its BA-7 missile, the missile may be intended for will become the world's first unmanned aircraft (UCAV) use, and this aircraft is designed to provide close air support of mechanized operation (CAS). Once, this may be no one to fill the People's Liberation Army fighter close air support to forces in the gap. At present, the PLA is carrying out a large number of unmanned aircraft projects, including large and small unmanned reconnaissance aircraft.


20 years of the 21st century, the PLA's nuclear force more powerful (and perhaps will be protected by the new ballistic missile) may substantially improve the United States to Taiwan, China to stop the ability to provide support. In accordance with the Office of Naval Intelligence estimated that China will eventually be five 094-type ballistic missile submarines (each submarine is equipped with 12 missiles), so the number of SLBM in China could reach 60, together with the concept of the four kinds of land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (DF-5A / B, DF-31, DF31A, and DF-XX), each carrying 20 missiles, so the PLA could eventually have about 40 nuclear missiles. According to military sources in Asia, the Chinese DF-31A missiles carry three warheads, deployed DF-5B carrying 4-5 warheads. Moreover, DF-XX large number of similar missiles carry warheads. This indicates that once a decision, the PLA may increase its number of nuclear warheads. In addition, these Asian sources also disclosed that the PLA's ballistic missile defense system may be in the 21st century, the mid-20 ready.

Although Taiwan may not regard themselves as potential targets for nuclear terrorism, but it may soon become the indirect victims of tragedy. United States may become a major nuclear attack or multiple attacks, the victims, the Chinese leaders will use this opportunity to stress areas of Taiwan-based military exercise? In fact, China Korea, Iran, and Pakistan's nuclear program to play an important role in these countries and terrorist organizations, and may inadvertently become a source of terrorist nuclear weapons.
 

PLA has set up the first five type 05 self-propelled howitzer battalion
Core Tip: the Chinese military's first five PLZ-05-type 155-mm self-propelled howitzers battalion has been in service. Each of PLZ-05 howitzer battalion consists of three links, each link is equipped with six howitzers each. In addition, each business also made a maintenance and equipment - technical support company, and to improve the accuracy of conventional munitions for shooting fire control radar system.



PLA-style heavy PLZ-05 self-propelled howitzer live-fire combat training units remote.



July 14th, the new 05-style self-loading gun-howitzer out an artillery brigade of Beijing Military Region. The picture shows the installation ceremony was granted.

Chinese military's first five PLZ-05-type 155-mm self-propelled howitzers battalion has been in service. Each of PLZ-05 howitzer battalion consists of three links, each link is equipped with six howitzers each. In addition, each battalion also made a maintenance and equipment - technical support company, and to improve the firing accuracy of conventional artillery fire control radar system.

PLZ-05 evolved from the PLZ-45, which began in the last century 90's high-volume equipment, troops and successfully into the international market (now exported to Kuwait, Bangladesh and Saudi Arabia). PLZ-05 self-propelled howitzer weighs 35 tons, from 5 person operation, using semi-automatic loading mode.

PLZ-05 Although the weight increase than the PLZ-45 two tons, but the two guns are almost exactly the same size, body length of 10.5 m, 3.3 m wide, 2.6 meters high (if you count installed in the turret at the top of the 12.7 mm-caliber machine gun, then the height of 3.5 m). PLZ-05's barrel length than the PLZ-45 increased by 15.5%.

In addition, PLZ-45 has also spawned another model - PLZ-04. The gun's barrel length than the PLZ-05 about 4%. However, these three self-propelled artillery of barrel life are made in about 2500. As with the automated command system and satellite positioning systems, PLZ-05/04 are able to do shooting in a few minutes to prepare. It is reported that 30 per cannons Beidan hair (of which 24 fat stored in the loading machine), maximum rate of fire 10 rounds per minute (PLZ-45 for 5 rounds), extended-range missiles fired at the bottom of the exhaust when the maximum range can be 50 km, when launching the largest common range of ammunition, 39 km, firing laser-guided artillery shells to a maximum range of 20 km. However, this should be pointed out that the three guns on the use of a large number of stolen military technology from Russia.

Compared with the other two self-propelled artillery, PLZ-05's turret volume has increased, its shape was reminiscent of Russia's 2S19 self-propelled artillery. A source revealed, PLZ-05 is equipped with an automatic loading system was copied from similar Russian-made equipment, because the Chinese military on the PLZ-45 is equipped with a loading machine performance and satisfied.

China has in the last century 90's imports from Russia a number of "red land" laser-guided artillery shells, later, China's researchers succeeded in reproducing the domestic high-precision munitions. (LONDON compile: Big Dipper)


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Abstract: July 14, 05-style self-propelled Howitzer Beijing Military Region column mounted artillery brigade, the brigade held a grand ceremony for the award of equipment. This type of self-propelled artillery has unveiled the 60th anniversary of National Day military parade for the Chinese army in recent years, the focus of the development of equipment. [More]
 

Analysis of the United States all laser weapons project: preliminary research is the leading tips
July 19, the U.S. Navy Leixi En announced its laser weapon has successfully shot down four UAVs. This news caused great concern at home and abroad, Jane's said this marks the solid-state lasers into practical stage. The domestic military experts doubt that this is a "pseudo-item." Is the effectiveness of laser weapons? U.S. laser weapons research and development has reached? NetEase military for your exclusive interpretation.

 

 
Lockheed Martin and Grumman is a joint model of high-energy laser weapons, the current high-energy lasers have not achieved practical.
The United States is actually the most advanced countries of laser weapons, perhaps during the Cold War, Soviet Union, one can share the title, but in the Cold War ended nearly 20 years, with a long accumulation of a large number of inputs, the U.S. laser weapons worthy of the world title. Laser weapons by laser generator can be divided into chemical lasers, solid-state lasers, liquid lasers and free electron lasers and other four types, they have their own characteristics, only the chemical lasers and solid-state laser to achieve the actual deployment phase, other lasers have yet to mature.

The idea of using laser as a weapon, since its birth from the variety. Laser directive, the brightness, coherence and good, have a good basis as a weapon. Compared with the traditional gunpowder weapons with laser directed energy weapons to combat this fast, high accuracy, no recoil clean edge. In the era of hot weapons into guided weapons, the use of laser weapons is more low-cost advantages, such as anti-missile operations, space-based laser weapons intended ABL requires only 1000 U.S. dollars per shot about the cost of quality work, high-speed pursuits than Hundreds of millions of dollars on missile easily the unit price is enormous.

And shopping centers on the battlefield, the most commonly seen is a low-power laser blinding weapons, directly target the high-energy laser to destroy the delay input is useful. This is because the high-energy laser to destroy targets, mainly through the exposure target, target surface, the strength will decline within a short time and even the formation of melting gasification perforation, damage to achieve the goal structure. Strong laser beam may ignite or detonate the missile warhead missiles, aircraft and target fuel tank. Whatever the mechanism of destruction, we need a high laser power and excellent beam quality, assurance laser to the target when there is sufficient power density to achieve anti-effect.

 

 
U.S. Air Force uses modified NKC-135 aircraft, as contained in the space-based laser laboratory program successfully verified the destruction of the laser tracking and ability. Note that red box for the aircraft carrying the laser.
The United States is high-energy laser weapon in the field leader. Born in 1960, the world's first laser, followed by a series of studies that can be fast on the gas heating or cooling produced laser. In 1966 the first high-energy gas dynamic laser development work, working substance use carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water. In 1970, continuous output power is up as much as 60 kilowatts, 1973, the pulse output power of 400 kW, though still far from the actual demand, but the increase in mean power output from the project on high-energy laser is feasible. Gas dynamic lasers came to be known as chemical lasers, the use of carbon dioxide in 1973, the U.S. Air Force shot down the drone of chemical lasers.

ALL the case plan

1976, U.S. Air Force also further their space-based laser laboratory (ALL) plans, ALL using the NKC-135 aircraft as set out, the Air Force hopes to verify ALL track and destroy aerial targets. ALL still use carbon dioxide lasers, the wavelength of 10.6 microns. According to reports, the project in 1979, ALL laser output power has reached 456 kilowatts, and the maintenance of 8 seconds, after treatment from the weapon when the system output of 380 kilowatts, 1 km away goal to achieve 100 watts of energy per square centimeter density. ALL items for 11 years, in all trials were shot down five AIM-9B Sidewinder air to air missiles and a BQM-34A drone fire peak. ALL trials to address the practical laser weapons in the process of major issues, such as high-energy lasers, and long-range precision tracking system. But the atmosphere through atmospheric turbulence and the problem of uneven heat could not be resolved, in fact, now, it still is a difficult issue, and later left behind Star Wars space-based laser weapons (ABL) missile flight altitude in the stratosphere when layer, largely to avoid this problem.

 

 
ABL plans to use Boeing 747-400F as a carrier aircraft, loading higher power chemical oxygen iodine laser (red box on the chart below), focus is on the boost phase, and ascending in ballistic missiles. However, due to a power greater than the actual needs of the existing power, the project is eventually eliminated.
From the ABL to ALTB

ALL projects in development, while the U.S. Air Force in 1977, invented a new oxygen iodine (COIL) laser, its energy conversion efficiency up to 20% of the role, then continue to develop for the present space-based laser (ABL, now has been renamed ALTB ). Oxygen-iodine laser with more power, in size, power, weight and reliability form a balance. Unrealistically high targets in the Star Wars laser dystocia, Star Wars End of the situation, the U.S. Air Force's ABL program because technology is more mature and maintained.

U.S. Air Force officially began in 1992, ABL program, the U.S. Missile Defense Agency in 2001 to take over project management from the Air Force. ABL plans to use Boeing 747-400F aircraft as a carrier aircraft, the Boeing Company as the prime contractor, TRW Inc. is responsible for manufacturing by the laser, the laser wavelength of 1.315 microns, combat aircraft will reach 2 MW output power, to achieve before the deployment, the number of 100 km away from the boost phase intercept ballistic missile targets. U.S. plans to deploy a theater seven ABL aircraft, combat aircraft when the five tracks the formation of two anti-missile, ABL system designed to intercept one or more of the same launch site launch 5 to 10 ballistic missiles.

Even if the technology is more mature ABL is also often delayed because of technical problems, in 2002, ABL was carried out deadly anti-launch tests in 2006, the United States canceled a scheduled deployment plans, expected to increase further mature before making test the deployment. ABL YAL-1A prototype anti-missile test postponed several times, until February 2010 live target practice for the first time before trial, however, as early as 2009, U.S. Department of Defense canceled the ABL on the further development and the technical verified. According to the United States Defense Secretary Robert Gates saying, ABL system is far from mature, in order to achieve the boost phase, and ascending block, need ABL laser power than the existing 20 to 30 times the power of strong, while the deployment of ABL requires high costs. Obviously, ABL also can not meet the demands of actual combat.

 
ATL tactical laser in June 2009 that the success of the first air-launched.
ATL to continue the development of tactical laser

While the development of ABL failed, but the chemical laser remains the most sophisticated laser weapons, the type. Oxygen-iodine laser is also the advanced tactical laser (ATL) still continue to develop. Boeing is responsible for the project is scheduled to carry by the NC-130H platform for high-energy laser tests, ATL 2006 carrier aircraft delivered. September 2009 ATL for the first time-to-ground combat high energy laser, destroying an unmanned vehicle, had the same year in June, ATL for the first time in the air-launched laser. According to weather conditions and the different parts of the environment, ATL's effective range of very different, preferably when more than 30 km, while the worst when the effective range of less than 8 km.

Oxygen-iodine laser is also applied the U.S. Army, 90 of the last century the United States and Israel to the Tactical High Energy Laser (THEL) and the derivative models of the early 21st century mobile tactical high energy laser (MTHEL) are verified. MTHEL is a small car lasers for shooting down aircraft, short-range missiles, rockets and other artillery. In 2000 and 2001 in the range test, MTHEL down after more than 20 rockets, but the development of the 2005 MTHEL be terminated.

 

 
Compared to solid-state laser chemical laser in the size and weight have been better controlled, and rapid development in recent years it has reached an output power of 100 kW of weapons-grade.
Although the chemical laser is the most sophisticated lasers, but the weight of large size, each additional supplementary chemical refrigerants, the use of its maintenance, are trouble. In contrast, solid-state lasers are much better, now the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Army tactical laser focus on the shift to solid-state lasers have started on the core items of which the joint energy solid-state laser (JHPSSL) Joint Technology Office by the High Energy Laser (HEL / JTO) and the U.S. Army, Navy and Air Force jointly developed.

Solid-state laser output power reached weapons-grade (100 kW)

The development of solid-state laser speed quickly in previous years, in January 2009 is to achieve output of 105 kW, 100 kW to power the third stage of the goal. 100 kW power has long been regarded as high-energy laser weapons-grade threshold, JHPSSL achieve this goal, indicating that solid-state laser weapon short of the actual laser is a step closer. JHPSSL project of 105 kW of power at the Northrop Grumman's laser from 7 FireStrike 15-kilowatt laser modules.

According to the information on Northrop Grumman, FireStrike laser module performance is quite good beam quality output power 15 kW up to 1.5 times the diffraction limit; start soon, the output from full power down to just 0.5 seconds; reliable nature is also good, its time to just be input laser energy and cooling system constraints. In size and weight, wide and deep, respectively 23/40/12 inch high original 2009 data has been reduced to 13/30/9 inch, FireStrike single module weighing 400 lbs / 181 kg. This volume weight and performance has be combat ready.

JHPSSL success of the project and the rapid development of solid-state lasers for the development of tactical laser weapons provide a new direction. Than the traditional chemical lasers, solid-state lasers will go small modular and universal, to improve the mobility of laser weapons, and reliability. Solid-state laser power over 100 kilowatts, have been on the chemical laser ATL project constitutes the pressure of competition, Northrop Grumman that FireStrike lasers can be integrated in future high-energy laser technology demonstration from the Army (HEL TD) to the Navy warships self defense and advanced naval and air attacks on the UAV and the JSF fighter. U.S. Navy and Northrop Grumman signed a sea-based laser show (MLD) program contract, use of the technological development of laser weapons JHPSSL demonstration system is expected late this year will be the real test. MLD focus on boats and small aircraft to face saturation attack, Northrop Company believes that their design can increase or decrease in the module by adjusting laser power to deal with different levels of threat.

 
Laser weapon systems the U.S. Navy (LaWS) in July 19 of the marine environment successfully shot down four UAVs. This indicates that fiber-optic solid-state lasers in the short-range aspects of the marine environment has solved the problem of laser erosion.
More optimistic outlook solid fiber laser

As a major project JHPSSL, the United States also launched ytterbium doped fiber laser solid work, and now fiber laser has become the mainstream of industrial lasers, the use of its military a more optimistic outlook, the U.S. Army and Navy cooperation in this area .

Jan. 2009 U.S. Army tested Lei Xien's laser centurion demonstration system, its power to 50 kilowatts, Lei Xien plans to use it to replace the Navy's Phalanx system and the army centurion system (that is land-based Phalanx). June 2009 Lei Xien company also conducted a Navy laser (LaWS) project on land shooting test, the system is used to replace the Phalanx system, providing for the warships and boats to small aircraft defense capabilities. LaWS in the China Lake test range in the three shot down a total of five unmanned aircraft, to verify its offensive capability. Lei Xien company that LaWS the main problem is not lack of power, but the marine environment and more salt and humid environment, which would undermine the effectiveness of laser blow.

This year on July 19, Lei Xien release of information in Farnborough Air Show, announced that its navy laser weapon system (LaWS) in the marine environment, the successful UAV shot down four. 【Video】 The test pilot for 6 sets of small-power fiber lasers for industrial use combined total of 32 kilowatts power output of the laser. This test of view, the weakening of the marine environment of the laser, at least in the short-range defense was a better solution. Against anti-ship missiles that laser weapons are the most likely deployment of laser weapons into combat.

 

 
Liquid lasers than the small size of existing chemical lasers, high-energy laser weapon miniaturization is the other direction (above). Jefferson Lab is located in the United States free-electron laser experimental device, although the power of high and bulky, there may be a new generation of all-electric ships (below).
Liquid Laser

Liquid lasers have Defense Advanced Planning Research Council (DARPA)-sponsored "High Energy Liquid Laser Air Defense System" (HELLADS), currently developed by General Atomics. This is a compact high-energy lasers, tactical aircraft or ground vehicles can carry. HELLADS system in fiscal 2006 advanced tactical and technical projects have been about 20 million U.S. dollars in funding. HELLADS designed 150 kW, weight requirement is less than 750 kg, volume of 2 cubic meter. This indicator is much smaller than existing chemical lasers, high-energy laser weapon miniaturization is another direction. The third phase of the project in 2007 HELLADS developed a 15 kW output power, the fourth stage is expected in 2010 will demonstrate 150 kW output power.

Free electron laser

Free electron laser (FEL) using the free electron stimulated emission, the electron beam energy into laser. Of the last century 80's Star Wars plan to use high-power ground-based free-electron laser for defense, TRW and Boeing to compete for this. Finally, since the cost of such technology and strategic shift is canceled, but still the United States the development of free-electron lasers foundation. Free-electron lasers with tunable resistance (from mm waveguide UV), high efficiency, high power characteristics, in particular, is very suitable for tunable nature of the Navy operational requirements of different environments, but it requires large amounts of electricity on the ship power supply system proposed high demands.

U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (ONR) since 1996, free electron laser development, laser power in 2004 has been to 10 kilowatts to 25 kilowatts in 2007. 2009 According to reports, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and Boeing signed a contract with Leixi En, a 100-kilowatt free-electron lasers the preliminary design. The next 100 kW free electron laser will be completed towards MW pave the way for free-electron lasers, MW free electron laser may be equipped with the new generation of all-electric warships for the Navy to provide comprehensive combat and defense capabilities .

 

 
U.S. high-power laser beam emission test, this test, the laser in the atmosphere will be reduced distance out on a lot. Atmospheric disturbances and energy sources and power and volume / weight ratio, which is now facing the development of laser weapons three technical problems.
Despite the solid-state lasers, liquid lasers and free electron laser have been over or close to 100 kilowatts of this high-energy laser weapons threshold, but look at the history of the development of chemical lasers, which translate into actual high-energy laser weapons also take a long time.

Three major problems still exist in practical

High-energy laser weapons now there are three major problems: 1, energy source, laser weapons, the power is very large, to apply to warships, it must be all-electric propulsion system of matching, and the present all-electric propulsion systems for naval applications is still in initial stage; 2, atmospheric disturbance compensation, the problem mainly affects long-distance operations, laser weapons, the United States will continue the ABL program to verify ALTB mainly because they can not overcome this problem. 3, power - the volume / weight ratio, the current size and weight of laser weapons are still too large for the ABL program is necessary to intercept ballistic missiles, the Boeing 747 used as the carrier aircraft.

Assisted laser weapons or take the lead in service

Strategic situation faced by the U.S. military concluded, similar to the last century, high-energy chemical laser 80 development, in the next 10 years is difficult to see "Fight," serving high-energy laser weapons grand scale. But the previously mentioned close to intercept anti-ship missiles for the navy laser (LaWS), now seems to have overcome a major problem, it is likely within a few years can be put into service. In addition, some anti-terrorism for the destruction of explosives using laser weapons are progressing more smoothly.

Pre-research on the weapons the U.S. military attaches great importance to

Should be accountable to the readers is the author and editor of Netease military took a long time to gather military information about laser weapons programs, the U.S. military tried to outline the development of laser weapons road map. However, the U.S. military's laser weapons are too many projects, each armed service has several ongoing projects have been or, to clarify the status of these projects is not easy, this can be reflected from the side weapons the U.S. military on preliminary research of the future emphasis.

Pre-research for weapons development is extremely important because modern weapons is a highly integrated system, the skill level of each subsystem will affect the progress of a weapons development, and even the success or failure. China has ignored the pre-aviation engine technology research, with the result Flying Leopard fighter-bombers in service after the engine has a chronic shortage of domestic supply, while still using Russian-made F-10 engine so far. The United States as a strong technical reserves, so that 30 years ago developed F-16/F-15 upgrade subsystems can be achieved through the tactical high performance, leading to the advanced F-22A was forced to cut production.

 

Currently, the development status of the U.S. military laser weapons can be "big faster," so a word to describe, is in a problem-solving phase, the anti-missile weapons in the 1990s with the development of the situation is very similar. The development of laser projects a number of U.S. troops is not "pseudo-item", but not a "strategic deception", it is only necessary to develop weapons. In fact, the development of any technology is like the maze, only been trying to finally find the road to success. The U.S. military laser weapons in the huge investment will encourage them to share opportunities again in the future.

For China, even if you can trace the development of foreign technology to save time and cost, but the key technology is not be bought, only by strengthening the pre-study before they could no longer significant in the field of laser weapons behind.
 

Hardest South China Sea Fleet exercises, real-launched missiles, a total of 16 models of 71
Core Tip: 26 July, the South China Sea Fleet of the navy arms contract, the live ammunition exercise was successfully held in the South China Sea waters. The naval exercise is the most complete history of participating in the training elements, the largest live-fire missile, the highest level of information technology, electromagnetic environment in a joint fight against the most complex combat training exercise. The exercise was launched missile 16 71.


054A class destroyer launched anti-ship missile
 

East China Sea Fleet of modern destroyers fired anti-aircraft missiles
 

Participating ships fired rounds of anti-aircraft missiles
Liberation Army Daily reported on July 30 July 26, organized by the South China Sea Fleet, the Navy contract, a multi-service live ammunition exercise was successfully held in the South China Sea waters. The naval exercise is the most complete history of participating in the training elements, the largest live-fire missile, the highest level of information technology, electromagnetic environment in a joint fight against the most complex combat training exercise.

The training was preparation for military struggle Hu on the leading position of upholding the important instructions unwavering guidance, training strategies and campaigns to implement the spirit of the whole army to expand and deepen the military struggle for the traction, full blood command information system, highlighting the complexity of electromagnetic contract under the sea, air and missile defense and air combat exercises actual use of weapons, heavy and difficult problems of specializing in highlighting refining and "experimental training," the exploration and practice, highlighting the use of heads of agencies command information system, focusing on information systems to improve the system based on combat capability, testing new tactics in complex electromagnetic environments, new training methods and new achievements in information technology units, located in a complex electromagnetic environment, structure, real-time impact assessment, information management and control mechanisms and generate operations information system based on ability and training mode Exploration of research has made new achievements.


Exercise in the three sea areas, more than 18,000 square kilometers of sea launched missile 16 71. This is a real combat into the background, the whole complex under the conditions of electromagnetic interference of the military confrontation, so that joint operations, three-dimensional combat, close combat through the entire process, a complex electromagnetic environment of training a multi-service contract under the sea long-range precision strike, air force air operations and complex electromagnetic environment surface ships such as integrated air and missile defense issues 6.

In recent years, the Navy determined to implement President Hu Jintao and Central Military Commission headquarters decision-making arrangements, and vigorously combat information system capacity to generate a solid system foundation, strengthening military training and ability to generate accelerating the pace of the combat, intelligence and reconnaissance, detection of early warning, command and control, communications security and electronic countermeasures equipment, performance is greatly improved, the level of weapons and equipment of information has improved significantly with the initial implementation of the information sources, command posts, combat platforms and weapons systems of cross-linking. This exercise is also a naval combat information system based on the actual test.
 

China's next launch satellite mapping resources on the 3rd resolution of 2.5 meters
Core Tip: National Mapping Bureau of the person in charge of resources on the 3rd resolution satellite images and mapping accuracy of the first domestic satellite's three-line array mapping camera with two camera images of the ground resolution of better than 4 meters, a Taiwan is better than 2.5 m ground resolution multi-spectral imaging is better than 10 meters, height measurement accuracy of better than 5 meters.



November 6, 2004, China successfully launched the "China Resources II" 03 stars.

July 29 Xinhua reporter on the 29th from the National Mapping Bureau, China's first autonomous civilian high-resolution three-dimensional mapping satellite, "Resources III" will be launched late 2011, which will fill gaps in China's civilian mapping satellite .

At present, the satellite has been completed the work of the whole star power measurement, the ongoing identification of pieces of research, this October will turn to the kind of development work. Meanwhile, the National Mapping Bureau will cooperate with the China Aerospace Science and Technology Group to jointly promote the resources to follow up on the 3rd satellite satellite, satellite III of resources to achieve a continuation of a national 1:5 million mapping satellite data to provide a stable and reliable source of protection.

Resources on the 3rd satellite project officially approved in March 2008, construction period of 36 months, the satellite system developed by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, the final march on the 4th 2011 by B carrier rocket at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. Satellite launch, will be in orbit altitude of 506 km sun synchronous circular orbit on the fly, can be 84 degrees latitude north and south of the earth within the coverage area seamless image every 59 days to realize the global scope of our territory and an image coverage. Satellites are placed side functions in emergency and other special circumstances, to 5 days to revisit the same location filming. Satellite data will be distributed through the system from the ground in Beijing, Kashgar, Sanya's three ground stations to receive and transmit to the applications.


National Mapping Bureau of the person in charge of resources on the 3rd resolution satellite images and mapping accuracy of the first domestic satellite mapping three-line array camera with two camera's image ground resolution better than 4 meters, a superior 2.5 m ground resolution multi-spectral imaging is better than 10 meters height accuracy better than 5 meters. At the same time satellite image data and applications processing speed is the first.

It is understood that resources on the 3rd set of mapping and resources survey satellite functions in one, mainly for the production of the national fundamental geographic information products 1:5 million and 1:2.5 million scale maps such as the revision and a larger and updated, to carry out land resources survey and monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, forestry, water conservancy, ecological environment, urban planning and construction, transportation and national defense fields to provide effective services.

 

Experts say a 10-day tank can be the enemy of China 3 99 tanks - shameless Japan

Core Tip: Japan's Fukuda true central tank expert said that China is definitely not the 99 tanks 10 tanks Japanese rivals. It is no exaggeration to say that a tank can destroy 10 3 99 tanks. Last year, South Korea and gave birth to the alleged "second in the world, in Asia," the K-2 main battle tanks, these three have been called on behalf of the Asian country to the highest level of main battle tanks.



July 11, 2010, Japan 10-type main battle tanks (TK-X has been named the tank) in schools in Japan, Fuji mobility display.



Data Figure: China's 99 tanks equipped with improved



Data Figure: South Korea XK-2 main battle tank

People's Network on July 30 reported that, according to Japan's "land power" electronic magazine reported: July 11, 2010, 10 Japanese-style main battle tanks (TK-X has been named as tanks) in the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force Fuji schools a mobile display. The show is about a 10-type serving the fourth generation of a new main battle tanks in Japan, its development began in the 20th century 90's, after mass production in the setting will replace and supplement the existing fleet of 74 Japanese Ground Self-Defense style and the 90 tanks . Japan really central tank expert Fukuda said that China's 99 tanks 10 tanks is definitely not Japanese rivals. It is no exaggeration to say that a tank can destroy 10 3 99 tanks, but he did not talk about the latest in China's 99A2 models. In the last year, with the Northeast Asian countries of Korea, also allegedly created a "second in the world, in Asia," the K-2 main battle tanks, these three persons are referred to as representatives of their highest levels in Asia main battle tanks, then in the end who is the king of Asia, it tanks?

Comparison of main performance data: Japan and South Korea tank mobility was slightly stronger than our

Japan's 10-style Keywords: hp

10 type new tank is in Japan 3rd generation 4th generation main battle tanks and the development of the model between the main battle tank (also known as 3rd generation and a half tanks), will be used to replace the existing fleet of old-style main battle tanks and 74 Type 90 main battle tanks. 10 MBT power components used in Japan to introduce technology MHI latest developments in the common 8-cylinder 895 kilowatts (1,200 horsepower) diesel engine, maximum speed can reach 70 km / h, mobility is not inferior to 90 tanks.

According to analysis, because the relative weight of 10 Type 90 tanks greatly reduced obviously broken mountainous terrain in Japan and developed the idea of mobile operations highway gateway development. The compact and lightweight body, full-liquid suspension to a hilly area of operations provides a good environment for internal mobile operations. 10 tanks of all heavy main battle tanks than the light of other countries by 8 to 15 tons, the weight to make it through most of Japan bridge Culvert, with Japan's active tank can transport four motor tractor, which islands can be deployed in Japan, it will be following the 74 tanks, the Japanese new generation of nationwide mobile deployment in the main battle tanks (90 tanks because the larger self, not directly through a lot of bridges and culverts).

South Korea's K-2 Keywords: smart

South Korea's K-2 R & D has produced three tank-like vehicles were installed in 1500 the German MTU 890 hp diesel engines and Doosan Heavy Industries Company and S & T co-developed automatic transmission, but is reportedly now has some serious quality of the Part questions, follow-up tank production should continue to drive components imported from Germany. K-2 is also equipped with hydraulic pneumatic active suspension system that can separate individual cantilever control, not only to do "stand up, sit down, kneel down, backward," etc, and also can be tilted to one side or any one of angle. This excellent suspension system makes K-2 availability by sexual and crew comfort are great for Ti Gao Qiang Du, very suitable for these outstanding Texing special geographical features of the Korean peninsula, so Gai tanks Nenggou anywhere on the Peninsula Shang , regardless of dive attacks or climbing a great degree on the context of Yang-attack, fast attack, whether plain or special circumstances, the normal attitude of emergency non-fire, the tanks can pitch with ease, improve their survival battle capacity and flexibility to combat, deter, or for offensive operations, all very handy. In addition, K-2 tanks as modular power system design, easy disassembly, low fuel consumption, small space, so its benefit is not small, they have been proud of the Koreans as "the world's most advanced main battle tank. "

China 99A2 Key words: mobile

China's development of improved 99A2 MBT, its flexibility indeed improved by leaps and bounds, the most important thing is to replace the 1,500-horsepower diesel engine. China to improve its power system through, so that it can adapt to China's cold, heat, mountains, deserts and other special geographical features, any theater in the country accompanied by combat missions. According to foreign periodicals reports, 99A2 tanks of the suspension system using torsion spring suspension system, which is the second-generation tank technology, and thus its ability to adapt to the terrain is not good, the entire vehicle stability and better through the application of all hydraulic pneumatic suspension system of tanks and high reliability.


Through the above analysis, there are three main battle tanks of power system can meet the basic needs of their mobility because of their need for different tactics, the same. However, the three main battle tanks power systems technologies are from Germany's domestic development type, we can see that even with power and advanced technology but also with Japan and South Korea and other countries like China dependent on foreign technology. Main differences between the three suspension in the tank, the Japan and South Korea because of the introduction of technology from Western countries, all using the liquid-gas suspension, which occupant comfort and tactical performance stronger than the Chinese Chamber of 99A2. The use of liquid-gas suspension greatly improved the driving performance, higher speed can be ups and downs of the mountain in traveling. As the adjustable body can cross the relatively high vertical obstacles, may also be hidden to attack the lower the car when the high-hide itself, but also a faster running speed vibration in the rolling land. Water in motion can also be adjusted to reduce sliding resistance, so that the viability of the battlefield will be greatly enhanced. Therefore, comprehensive performance point of view, Japan and South Korea main battle tank mobility Chamber stronger than China.

Comparison of fire and fire control systems: 99A2 integrate the three unique styles Russian technology

Japan's 10-style Keywords: caliber

Japan 10 tank's main weapon is a 120-mm smoothbore gun of the artillery from the German Rheinmetall (Rheinmetall) company through transfer of technology to the Japanese steel companies produced. However, model L44 from the original 90-style into the L55, that is used 55 times the diameter of the barrel, this gun's muzzle velocity faster, the range will increase, its stability and shooting accuracy has improved. Reported that 10 tanks equipped with F-type hunting new fire control system, there is the Ordnance mirror is not through the armor to observe through the fiber optic sensor connected to the LCD display to improve the observation. If Japan really did this, first the first time will find targets, I believe will be more prominent than the 90-night combat capabilities. Turret in also installed automatic target tracking system, this served the world Tanqueray only Israel's "Merkava 4" only have this feature.

South Korea K-2 Keywords: shells

South Korea's K-2 tank gun used by Germany's Rheinmetall Group for the production of Rhl20-L55-type 120-mm gun chamber slide (and 10 type 1 model). The tanks and ammunition, including regular high-Bomb, developed by the tungsten alloy off shell and top attack smart munitions. The tank is also equipped with a Korean from the study called "self-sharp," the 120-mm core of new tungsten penetrators, can be meters in 2000, "while the two side by side through the Japanese Type 90 tank," the U.S. military earlier said to have been more than the level of depleted uranium. K-2 tanks installed on the most advanced third generation of tank fire control system, which includes C4I network systems, GPS positioning systems, combat management systems (combat units can share information with other data). Equipped with these devices, with both the rest of the tanks or on the move between stationary and moving target combat capability and night fighting capability. That is, the tanks have today is the most advanced "active hunting - J" capacity.

China 99A2 Key words: reaction

China 99A2 tanks also used the international advanced and popular hunting - J-type fire control system (also called dual-command-style), its most notable feature is the fire response time is short. The system can fire a result of the implementation of automatic correction of the fire control system, vehicle sensors through the first rounds of the miss distance measurement in real time situation, the deviation distance and angle of fire control computer automatically enter the tank for the next rounds revised calculation of the firing parameters and immediately after the shooting. The tank thermal imaging to obtain a panoramic view of the image can be sent directly to the car in front of a long and target hand-color display, this will help members keep abreast of battle tanks and dynamic information. In addition, the tank is also equipped with inertial and satellite navigation systems, received the same information can also be displayed in front of the display drivers, and with the overlay of digital maps. 99A2 tanks on the introduction of Russian technology and equipment improved a high chamber pressure 125 mm smoothbore gun, with its multi-functional grenade explosion to enhance the charge of high explosive type, sufficient to breakdown the most advanced main battle tank's main armor. In addition 99A2 MBT gun four artillery missiles can not only have the ability to attack targets with long-range counter-helicopter capabilities.

From Japan and South Korea's new main battle tank gun, although the large-caliber guns in China, but said that relatively low muzzle velocity, so the actual armor-piercing capability and Japan and South Korea's L55 gun almost, but China's auto-loading Ramming speed faster than Japan and South Korea. But China's tank as the missile is equipped with new artillery, and therefore the means to combat capacity and slightly better. Tank fire control systems in Japan and Korea influenced by the West, many parts can be imported from advanced countries, and China's electronics technology can not compete with these two countries, therefore, China may not be as Japan and South Korea advanced fire control system, but China's combination of Russian technology integrated fire control system has its own features, so in fact the fighting ability of the three great deal of diversity.

Three tanks of the region of: landing ship carrying a positive "go out"

Japanese 10 type Keywords: carrying landing ship

Japan's 10 tanks inherited the 90 tanks of the fire, but greatly enhanced mobility, and more importantly, access to powerful information capabilities, therefore, for Japan, the island nation, the 10 tanks to make up for the 90-type heavy motor less than poor, but also a substantial overall increase combat capability. Although the Japanese were landing very difficult to attack, but for the future of Japan to actively "go out" to participate more in international peacekeeping and to provide logistical support for U.S. troops, but it is very important. Equipment in large quantities of 10 tanks, the tanks not only the level of threat in Japan under the trailer or on their own domestic use mobile deployment, but also through the construction of the present volume "Dayu" class landing ships, deployed outside the island. More importantly, the tank carrying "Dayu" class landing ships, you can achieve breakthrough in peace constitution, Japanese troops on a combat mission abroad dreams.

South Korea's K-2 Keywords: Peninsula surprise advantage

South Korea's K-2 tank is for North Korea's new tank "casual day" and developed, so K-2 tanks, the first combat mission against the special geographical features of the Korean peninsula. According to the K-2 tanks on the performance description, it can be done, "stand, sit, kneel, recline" and other actions, is to adapt to fighting in the mountainous and hilly areas, which can not be done by the Korean tanks . In addition, Korea imported U.S. tanks information warfare systems and active hunting - J-capacity tanks are far stronger than Korea, so K-2 tanks in the equipment, the Korean peninsula, the army will regain the advantages of the ground assault. In addition, Korea's new construction "Dokdo" class amphibious landing ships, will be able to carry K-2 tanks, carried out in a similar war against the DPRK behind the current "Inchon landing" as the amphibious landing operations, making South Korea the initiative firmly in the theater right. It is worth mentioning that, K-2 tanks can be purchased through the LCAC hovercraft Korea transported about 70% of the coast in the implementation of the landing.

China 99A2 Keywords: Confrontation Super

China 99A2 tanks imaginary of course, is the world's most advanced main battle tanks, therefore, be Japan and South Korea both claim to be "world-class advanced" 10-type and K-2 of natural rivals are the one. In order to adapt to almost all Chinese around the terrain and climatic conditions of the battle, the tanks in almost all field-tested across the country. As the tank focusing on enhancing the information capabilities, mobility, protection and firepower to combat capability, which is China's most powerful army combat tanks, reported its overall strength is not weaker than the American M1A2, the leading People's Liberation Army Army's operational capability can be described as even more powerful, but also for China's Class of army to fight with the world's super laid the foundation equipment. And, like Japan and Korea, China, 99A2 tanks can be equipped with a new construction of 071 amphibious landing ships, landing won the reef task execution. For Japan and South Korea, the waters and reefs are among their disputes, it will inch of land to prevent, therefore, may be obtained among a fight.


On the whole, Japan and South Korea's new main battle tanks, Korea K-2 in the mobility, protection, information technology capabilities should be the highest; Japan's 10 domestic deployment ceremony for the main consideration, in light of the effort up and down enough , but the defense force, weak; China 99A2 perhaps weaker in the mobile capabilities of information technology to a lesser extent, the other does not fall on the leeward side, especially the active protection technology is far greater than the former two. Can say that if any two of three in a rival, in the battlefield environment, under the same conditions, 10-type and K-2 to see who should find out who, but the viability of K-2 is higher; 10 type and the 99A2 vs. 10 type may be early detection 99A2, but can not guarantee the destruction of hair in the first case, 99A2 immediately returned fire and to ensure the destruction; K-2 and 99A2 duel, both may also find each other who the winner is hard to say. It should be mentioned that the first discovery in the case of the other 10-type and K-2 tank gun as the limited range, it can not be found directly from the fire, and 99A2 but not yet in contact with both sides before the can destroy long-range artillery missile target. In the cluster operations, the 10-type and K-2's information advantage can be revealed, the battleground will be the concrete embodiment of perception, but China's rapid development in recent years, information technology, I believe 99A2's information warfare capabilities to gain new progress has also been , in particular, 99A2 has a lot of equipment of the PLA have long been key Army, and 10-type and K-2 just to mass production. Moreover, according to foreign reports, China is so large-scale changes and the planning and design 99A2 main battle tanks, which South Korea and Japan plan new development is inseparable from the new tank, that is, 99A2 is completely against the main battle tank Japan and South Korea's new main battle tanks and specialized development.
 

South Korean media said restricted by China, proposed the development of nuclear weapons against China
Core Tip: Korea, "Central Daily News," 28, entitled "China's Black Hole," the article expressed some sentiment in China. The paper wrote that South Korea's trade with China than the US-Japan trade combined. China, cough, cold South Korea would. The paper also wrote that if the South and North Korea have nuclear weapons is a nightmare for China. We must use the chips to deal with Beijing to develop nuclear weapons.



US-ROK exercise, the participating warships to launch anti-submarine torpedoes.



US-ROK military exercise in the participating warships fired decoys.

Global Times on July 30 reported that more than 8,000 military, including nuclear aircraft carriers, including more than 20 ships, 200 combat planes, and sent F-22 "Raptor" fighter ... ... July 25 -28 days of the United States Han Jun play non-stop jet determination and anger. A work in Korea, the Chinese on the 29th of the "Global Times" said that despite the completion of ROK-US speech, but many Koreans still simmering mind, they consider the Security Council presidential statement did not achieve our goals, exercise dragged also changed places. It shares a number of grievances under the guidance of the right-wing media often point to China.


South Korea's "Central Daily" 28 "China Black" wrote an article full of emotion, China (has been secretly expanded military), it drops the mask of humility and now dominate the exposed face of a kind, to send their orders to do newly acquired superpower status. The article added that South Korea's trade with China trade than the United States and Japan combined. China, cough, cold South Korea would. Article wrote, not without the threat that if the ROK and the DPRK has nuclear weapons is a nightmare for China. We must use this chip to deal with Beijing to develop nuclear weapons.

Korea Institute for Advanced Study of unified members of the British-ho Park, quite sad at the same day, "Central Daily" said the author, or a small country in South Korea, the United States and China on the Korean peninsula's influence is very great. Now South Korea's economic strength has been ranked the world's top ten position in the international community also increased, but still cross, but "G2" of the barrier.

"A clear signal of 'North Korean provocation, be punished if' the will, while leaving the subject of comfort to the Chinese." South Korea, "Seoul Press" that the US-ROK military exercise left a double legacy. South Korea's left-wing newspaper "Han Nation" says, there have been comments that the exercise "will push the Korean Peninsula into the United States and the supremacy of the dispute, to the military tension index back to the Cold War era."
 

Typhoon warplanes in Europe said in a simulated air combat easily beat the F-35
Core Tip: The European aircraft company on July 27 announced on its official website, computer simulation of air combat results show that 85% of cases, Lockheed - Martin developed eight F-35 fighters of the "attacks" are was developed by four European companies "Typhoon" fighter in a long-range radar and command aircraft to help search successfully "defeated."




The article said, F-35 fighters of the rival is not a typhoon, typhoon can easily beat the F-35.
 

U.S. F-35 stealth fighter
Xinhua reported on July 30, according to Russian military news network reported on July 29, the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Spain, the European joint venture company has publicly questioned the U.S. fighter aircraft F-35 "Lightning" II fighter combat effectiveness, claiming that the computer simulation " Typhoon "and F-35 air combat results show that in most cases is not a U.S. stealth fighter planes to rival Europe.

The European fighter aircraft company on July 27 announced on its official website, computer simulated air combat results show that 85% of cases, the U.S. Lockheed - Martin developed eight F-35 fighters of the "attacks" have been European companies developed four "Typhoon" fighter in a long-range radar and command aircraft to help search for the successful "rout." Eurofighter In particular, F-35 stealth performance is not strong, if the adjust angle airborne radar observations can be easily found in the looming U.S. warplanes. In the simulation of air combat, the U.S. F-35 is equipped with two JDAM precision-guided weapons and two air to air missiles, bombs. The European fighter's ultimate conclusion, said the company, F-35 for anti-enemy ground targets, however, not suitable for air, that can not be used to win air supremacy.

Prior to Lockheed - Martin has claimed that, with high precision and powerful mobile weapons and radar equipment and the emergence of close air combat in the era of the past, F-35 can use their on-board weapons, under the former and after the attack the enemy target, so high mobility is already very important for fighters, once the fourth-generation F-35 fighters and air occurs, the loss ratio will reach 1:6.


July 20, 2010 Italian Air Force announced its intention to give up the procurement of 25 "Typhoon" Tranche 3B fighter, not yet made a final decision. It is learned that after giving up fighter procurement in Europe, Italy, the United States may be developed by a small amount of the procurement of new fighter. The European fighter claims that Italy abandon procurement "Typhoon", turned to import F-35, will lead to a substantial decline in the national aviation safety. F-35 are land-based, shipboard and short take off and land three kinds of models, the maximum speed can reach 2100 km / h, equipped with 25 mm guns, 6 missiles under the fuselage pylons, fuselage there are two weapons bays plans to begin volume supply in 2016. Europe "Typhoon" maximum speed of up to 2,500 km / h, range 3,500 km, and equipment 27 mm guns, a total of 13 air bombs, air to air missiles, air-surface missiles and laser target designation system rack.
 

Basalt C-type cruise missiles: long-range strike force against North Korea
Recently, South Korea open the latest "basaltic C"-type long-range land-attack cruise missile has a maximum range of 1,500 kilometers and can cover the whole territory of the DPRK, China, Beijing and Shanghai. South Korean media and then claimed that South Korea's technology in this area than in China. In the US-ROK joint military exercise is about to begin a sensitive time, so an aggressive public equipment, is undoubtedly a South Korean military force against North Korea show.

 

 
70s of last century the United States, Korea, Zeng Yi, "Nike" air missile based on the successful production of several short-to-ground ballistic missiles.
South Korea's ballistic missile development by the U.S. restrictions

North Korean long-range combat the growing strength of South Korea's remote drive is the perfect combat weapons development on the momentum. North Korea's development of the "Mars" series of short-range ballistic missile at a range of 300-500 km, "labor" and "Taepodong" series of medium-range ballistic missiles at a range of 1200-1500 km, breaking the 4,000 kilometers is within reach. As the longer range North Korean ballistic missiles are deployed on their strategic depth zone, ready to fight on the South Korean targets. Korea To eliminate this threat in time, we must use force in the beginning of the war or ground-to long-range precision strikes, or just escape the war against its own strategic depth objectives were to combat the bad luck. South Korea's major development which will focus on the procurement of F-15K fighter-bombers and the development of ballistic missiles and cruise missiles on their own.

Korea from the mid-70's began to develop ballistic missiles. 1978, Jun Han to the U.S. system "Nike" surface-based, developed a range of 150 km and 250 km of "basaltic" ground to ground missiles. 80, South Korea is more advanced development of the performance range of over 300 km of "basaltic" ballistic missile, and is prepared to increase its range of 400 kilometers. But subject to restrictions under the US-led South Korea can develop a range of less than 300 km, warhead weight of less than 500 kilograms, had to shift attention from ballistic missiles to cruise missiles on the ground.

 
As South Korea "basaltic 3" missiles were highly confidential, causing most of the domestic media mistakenly "Starfish" missile photo as "basaltic 3" missile.
South Korea land-attack cruise missiles, high level of confidentiality

As the South Korean government on the cruise missile R & D projects is very high level of confidentiality, the outside world also reportedly in chaos. There are more graphic coverage of only a range of 150 km "Starfish" anti-ship cruise missiles, and "basaltic 3" series of land-attack cruise missiles in the picture is never seen before, only with written reports. Readers should be noted that most of the domestic media to "starfish" missile photograph as the "basaltic 3" missile. September 2006, South Korean military for the first time acknowledged the existence of a land-attack cruise missiles, then reports the name "Dragon" cruise missile with a range of 500 km, the development time of up to 10 years. A month later, another high-level South Korean government told the media, a range of 1,000 km of "basaltic 3" cruise missiles have also been developed, and began in about 2004 combat deployment.

In the recent South Korean military for the first time the disclosure of a range of 1,500 kilometers of "basaltic 3C" cruise missile. Korea South Korean media have also made clear land-attack cruise missile named, 3 km range cruise missiles respectively 500,1000,1500 clearly named "basaltic 3A", "basalt 3B" and "basaltic 3C". It is worth noting, "basaltic 3C" cruise missile has entered the mass production stage, the South Korean military officials said this year more than 100 missiles to be deployed. This means that South Korea will soon be covered by North Korea's long-range strikes throughout.

South Korea's first self-study "Starfish" anti-ship missile as the basis of the improved ground attack anti-ship missile, developed a range of 300 km of the "basaltic 3" on the ground cruise missiles. The test is "basalt-3C" cruise missile, due to a range of 1,500 kilometers can not be made by the improved anti-ship missile, can be determined that the attack on South Korea's real breakthrough development of cruise missile project. South Korea's military has also claimed that: to be overcome "on North Korea in missile disadvantage."

 

 
"Tomahawk" 4 missile that uses a typical long-range subsonic cruise missile layout: obtuse warheads, long cylindrical projectile, high aspect ratio folding wing sweep angle and so on medium.
Taiwan has been hyped with the "Hsiung Feng 2E" cruise missiles, as South Korea's "basaltic 3C" no entity is a photo of the "existence of equipment." But according to defense cooperation between U.S. and ROK, the ROK defense industry status quo, the strategic needs and long-range cruise missile defense technical characteristics, we can still text from the South Korean media reports, the "basalt 3C" The performance of simple analysis.

Conventional aerodynamic configuration will

"Basaltic 3C" should belong to the typical long-range subsonic cruise missile attack on the ground. The design of such missiles are generally more similar. And because the United States and South Korea's special relationship exists, "basaltic 3C" learn from the sea-launched "Tomahawk" missile aerodynamic design it is inevitable.

Sea-launched "Tomahawk" cruise missile warhead with a rounded, cylindrical missile body length, medium-swept high aspect ratio folding wing, tail and abdomen scalable cross the aerodynamic design of the inlet. As the realization of long-range supersonic missiles, the cost is too large, modern cruise missiles are subsonic cruise by. In the absence of the existence of supersonic wave drag, the missile warhead design without using sharp, blunt bullet can be used to increase available space and shorten the entire warhead missile length. Large aspect ratio wing for the whole cruise missile provides lift, a larger wing span, but although the resistance of lift characteristics of a larger and better, higher drag ratio. So far, countries have used such long-range cruise missile aerodynamic configuration, I believe, "basaltic 3C" will be no exception.

"Basaltic 3C" The aerodynamic design should be and sea-launched "Tomahawk" at a level designed primarily focus on a long cruise. "Basaltic 3C" 1500 km range, not only against targets deep inside North Korea, but also threaten China, Russia and Japan strategic objectives.

 
"Tomahawk" BLOCK3 missile launch instant, the missile is equipped with a small Fl07-WR-103 turbofan engine. Box is Fl07 series engine in the Fl07-WR-101, the engine equipped with AGM-86B.
Engine should be made for the United States

As to ensure long-range and missile storage fuels, lower fuel consumption of modern cruise missiles use the missile turbojet or turbofan engine. Sea-launched "Tomahawk" basic model a range of 800 km, the choices are the F107-WR-400 double spool turbofan engine.

Turbofan engine to reduce fuel consumption. Williams, the U.S. Navy had selected the company's F107-WR-400 turbofan engine with Double Rotor. This small engine weight 65.3 kg, diameter 305 mm, length 937 mm, 11 124 kN thrust. Later in the "Tomahawk" improvement plan, the decision to all the "Tomahawk" higher power models improved the Fl07-WR-103 engine. With the improved engine and fuel increases, "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 to a range of 1800 kilometers.

Used in power systems, the focus on long-range strike "basaltic 3C" certainly thinking of ways to use less fuel consumption the engine, but this source should the United States. Because the South Korean air force itself does not sound scientific research and industrial systems, the lack of jet engine technical reserves, selected U.S. products or even directly using the "Tomahawk" missile engine is the best way.

 
"Basaltic 3C" range coverage diagram. However, the precision, the "basaltic 3C" can not achieve the Korean media claimed accuracy of 1-2 meters, which limits the accuracy of the existing cruise missiles.
Guess guidance system

As the "basaltic 3C" be the main target is the depth of the DPRK missile launch position, does not require rapid response time goals, but in times of peace there is enough time for geographic information retrieval. In addition, South Korea did not bomb containing two-way satellite data links and video data link system, which gives the missile more difficult task characteristics.

"Basaltic 3C" most likely to be used in guidance programs INS (INS) + GPS assisted terrain matching guidance (TERCOM) + infrared terminal guidance (DSMAC). This easy to use North Korea's mountainous terrain contour matching, and infrared terminal guidance for the North Korean missile launch vehicles have better hit probability.

This speculation, in 2006, South Korean media on the "basaltic 3B" also can confirm the report. Together, "basaltic 3C" reached the ax when the medium-term guidance to improve standards, compare latest model of the "Tomahawk" Block4.

Overall performance evaluation

According to South Korean media reports, "basaltic 3C" cruise length 6 meters, diameter of 53-60 cm and weighing 1.5 tons, with aircraft with jet engines, speed of Mach 1, below warhead weighing about 450 kilograms, hit the target precision error is 1-2 meters. And "Tomahawk" basic model compared to the "basaltic-3C" Dimension greater and more important, this should increase the fuel and the pursuit of long-range results. The ROK media's accuracy has reached 1-2 meters, which has been approaching the limits of precision cruise missile, should fall out of an exaggeration for the purpose of deterring North Korean propaganda. According to the U.S. "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 missiles in the war about 80% hit rate and 5 meters circular error probability, "basaltic 3C" should not exceed this level.

Through the air, power and guidance system of the three, "basaltic 3C" should belong to the more traditional long-range ground-launched cruise missiles, technology level and the U.S. "Tomahawk" Block3 rather, its main operational task is to make deep precision attack North Korea.

 

 
U.S. Tomahawk missile production plant. "Basaltic 3C" is probably their "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 Korean assembly version, because South Korea does not have the high-precision inertial navigation devices, high resolution imaging devices such parts of the production guidance.
After the task characteristics of the preceding analysis and technical analysis can be seen, "basalt 3C" and "Tomahawk" BLOCK3's strike capability, guidance system, the overall system is very similar in fact to be "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 Korean assembly version.

As for the export of weapons between the U.S. and South Korea agreement, coupled with consideration for the Korean Peninsula, the U.S. and South Korea do not want to sell high-profile "Tomahawk" cruise missile of such obviously offensive weapons. But the face of South Korea for the needs of remote and economic interests against the temptation, the United States and South Korea are likely to choose the name "Korea Development" is actually "The United States arranged" forms of cooperation. Specifically, long-range cruise missile project is the South Korean military model, a company contracted by the Korea Development Project. And specific missile design, components, test, materials or finished products are imported from the United States, or direct purchase.

"Basaltic 3C" requires high-precision inertial navigation devices, high resolution imaging-guided devices, high-performance missile turbofan engine as well as experience in developing long-range cruise missiles are short-term or even long term, South Korea can not provide. Operational demands, according to South Korea, direct import "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 missile finished fastest of the most effective solution. The face of the situation can not import, procurement and the introduction of "Tomahawk" BLOCK3 finished parts and technical information in Korean assembly, and wear an "independent research" label has become an alternative approach.

That South Korea can not only promote their own strong national defense scientific research capacity, more importantly, imports of advanced equipment that can not be offensive weapons. For the United States, apart from earning a technology transfer fee, "the cover of darkness," to make their own strategic allies equipped with essentially developed their own weapons. Why not?

 

 
Chinese sword level 10 missile technology catching up with the United States in the latest model of "Tomahawk" Block4. Launch the video in public can see their targets after launch long-range target shooting situation.
South Korean media reported that "basaltic 3C" when cruise missiles, also referred to: South Korea is following the United States, Russia, Israel will become the world's fourth self-developed countries a range of 1,500 km cruise missile. Clearly, military coverage, now at a sensitive moment the Korean peninsula, South Korean media paid great attention to meet the psychological needs of people, deliberately ignored the existence of China. Because, in less than a year ago, China's National Day military parade on the 60th anniversary of the public the "sword 10" long-range cruise missiles, while the South Korean media that time also as evidence of China's military threat is one.

In fact, the Chinese Second Artillery Corps has been regarded as asymmetric warfare "killer", China attaches great importance to developing long-range missiles. Single on-guided approach, since the potential war in China objects are separated by oceans and China can not adopt local terrain matching guidance technology, which "sword 10" directly to the most advanced high-precision two-way data link + INS + Compass / GPS Navigation + imaging terminal guidance of the whole program, technological level of catching up with the latest United States, the "Tomahawk" Block4. Not long ago the network upload sword out of 10 cruise missiles test video, the sword of 10 cruise missiles to attack in thousands of kilometers of it will remain accurate and hit targets. [Sword 10 missile hit the target video]

More importantly, China is fully based on national defense industry has developed an advanced long-range cruise missiles. In missile development, the Korea Independent actually just called "assembly factory", compared with the Chinese defense industrial capacity, is not an order of magnitude. "Sword 10" missile fleet in front of the world before the passing parade from Tiananmen Square, and "basaltic 3C" not even a picture published before, this is the missile technology to China and Korea as a reflection of the gap.

 

South Korea began mass production of equipment, a range of 1,500 kilometers of "basaltic 3C" cruise missiles, means that South Korea and North Korea will have the same or even more efficient long-range strike capability, the war to the South Korean side of tower cranes to tilt. But "basaltic 3C" no "Tomahawk" Block4 the two-way satellite data link, Han Jun, the U.S. military set of complete lack of surveillance and monitoring system, and South Korea only on their own, unable to suppress North Korea's ballistic missile force. In addition, Korea is not the so-called "fourth country has a long-range cruise missiles," came in "basaltic 3C" in front of the Chinese "sword 10" long-range cruise missiles.
 

Japan's new ASM-3 supersonic air-launched anti-ship missile
F-2 wing mounted under the ASM-3 missile

Recently, the Japanese public of its newly developed ASM-3-type air-launched supersonic anti-ship missile, ASM-3 will be equipped with F-2 in the air from the top into space from a new generation of fighter aircraft air-launched anti-ship missiles, the missiles will be developed to air anti-ship capabilities from tactical missile industry and even the Japanese are onto a new level.

ASM-3 in Japan announced the news; the missile is to counter China's aircraft carrier, the implication seems not to develop this type of missile at it, would in my opinion, there is a guilty conscience, seems to open the ASM-Japan 3 missile data view, ASM-3 weighs approximately 900 kilograms, even if the Japanese high level of materials and processes, the missile's warhead weight it's hard to over 200 kg, then the count of its Mach 3 speed, its power would still be inadequate to deal with tons of class the following fighting ships, by contrast, the Russian used to attack aircraft carriers SS-N-19 supersonic anti-ship missiles, its rate of fire is 2M, weighs 9 tons The warhead fragments weighing 700 kg or so, might be much greater than ASM-3.


 ASM-3's appearance and performance with the French ASMP similar - even the names are similar

We know that anti-ship missile in certain circumstances, have the right to attack, so many cases, anti-ship missiles, particularly long-range anti-ship missile is seen as an offensive weapon, but the surrounding sea as the island nation of Japan, developed a type of new anti-ship missile is a reasonable need, the outside world this is understandable, then why should Japan so closely guarded secret for the ASM-3? The answer lies in ASM-3 engine, ASM-3 is based in Japan by the integral Ramjet Tactical Missile, and the overall Ramjet be seen as small, supersonic, long-range anti-ship missiles, the best choice. That would be Japan's future tactical missiles are smaller, faster, farther distance, with Japan's growing fleet of long-distance operations, the aggressive self-evident.

General there are three modern tactical missile engines, solid rocket, turbine / fan motor and ramjet engine, solid rocket motor is simple, and comes with oxidant and fuel, so you can work under conditions of hypoxia, but disadvantage is its solid rocket motor burn is the instantaneous fuel, difficult to control, with the range of increase, their weight and size are growing rapidly, so the weight and size are strictly limited tactical missile, its range was limited, such as use of the Exocet missile solid rocket motor weighing over 800 kg, a range of only 40 km, 80 km improved before they close, while the use of turbojet engine of the Harpoon missile has a range of 150 km, improved more than 200 km, do not need to carry oxidizer because of its weight is also less than 700 kg, while a range of thousands of kilometers to the cruise missile is not the weight of 2 tons, but the jets have their own shortcomings, the need for high-speed turbine compressed air admitted to combustion chamber, so the missile's speed is limited turbine blade speed, taking into account the friction heat of the impact of the speed of turbine blades can not be too high, corresponding to the speed of the missile is difficult to improve, so for tactical missiles, the need for a engine that is simple in structure with the advantages of solid rocket also have the ability to turbojet engine do not need to carry oxidizer, that is, ramjet, scramjet principle is to slow down high-speed air pressurized by the inlet and then into the fuel chamber and the fuel mixed fuel, resulting in high pressure gas discharged by the jet speed to produce thrust, ramjet inlet generally, fuel rooms, vents and other components, because there is no compressor, no gas turbines and other rotating parts, hence, have a simple structure, light weight, thrust to weight ratio, the advantages of low cost For single-use missile, these advantages are particularly conspicuous, but the absence of the compressor, Suo Yi ramjet can not Zixingqidong, Xu Yao boosters Qiangqijiasu Dao Yi Ding's Sudu to work after.

 


 Japan described the ramjet


 ASM-3 used schematic overall Ramjet

Ramjet has developed three generations to the present; first ramjet thrust insufficient because only two engines to be installed in parallel above the missile, then booster rockets to accelerate to the pace of work, so this generation of missile weight, volume are large, second-generation booster rocket ramjet engine and the top series in the same axis, although the weight and size are reduced, but still can not be applied to those who require a higher weight and volume areas, such as air-launched anti-ship missiles To solve this problem, the third generation as a whole Ramjet appeared, the so-called integral rocket booster and ramjet is to integrate press launch, the two shared a fuel chamber, fuel booster rockets of the grain, its vacant space is the ramjet fuel room, so the whole stamping engine size, weight and other indicators are much lower than the previous generations of the ramjet engine, so as small size, light weight, supersonic, long-range tactical missiles to lay a solid basis, the French ASMP is the first supersonic missile ground by the integral ramjet missile, weighing only 800 kg in the case of realized speed M3, a range of 250 km (upper trajectory) performance, its performance is far higher than similar weight and size of the tactical missiles, while the former Soviet Union / Russia and the United States has carried out research integral ramjet, where the former is the development of a series of supersonic anti-ship missile into the 90s last century, the overall style ramjet applications began to develop in depth, and the traditional use of solid rocket motor compared to the overall style can provide full ramjet powered flight, not only to improve the missile's range, but also increased the maneuverability of missiles, the most obvious example is the new Meteor air to air missiles and generation of KH-31, advanced radiation missile, the missile's range and maneuverability than the traditional model is greatly improved.


 Japanese officials say ASM-3 is the successor of ASM-1 missile

In accordance with the Japanese side of the argument; the last century from 90 carrier-based air defense system performance, taking into account the improvement of Japan believes that its existing fleet of ASM-1 anti-ship missiles, the performance can not meet the need, and therefore decided to develop a successor to ASM-1 missile, requirements The missiles have greater range, speed, quickly in the other shipboard air defense system, attack the fire outside the same time, through stealth missile deck of the better anti-interference ability of electronic systems to increase the missile hit probability, 1990 By 1997, Japan launched the "future supersonic anti-ship missiles," the preliminary technical feasibility studies to determine the new missile with integral ramjet, then in the "supersonic anti-ship missile prototype bomb" project began under the integral ramjet Research in the Technology Division Ministry of Defense Tsuchiura test site start and fuel characteristics of the ground test, field test in Sapporo completed simulated altitude launch and flight test, the success of these tests based on the 2002 Japan decided to develop supersonic anti-ship The prototype missile missiles, and plans to enter the real test in 2010, but due to schedule delays, the Japanese Diet in 2003 eliminated funding for this project from the project was formally launched in 2004, 2006, the Japanese system the first XASM-3 test like bombs, and Japan Air Self-Defense Force base in Gifu development flight test mission F-2A aircraft were flying and hanging test. Japan's parliament formally approved in 2010 amounted to 2.3 billion yen in the "new anti-ship missile development program", the new missile is expected to launch in 2016, and the total investment of about 32.5 billion yen.


 ASM-3 development progress of the diagram

Relevant images from the Japanese public view, ASM-3 form with the French ASMP missiles similar to the open space, with streamlined cylindrical missile body, the sides of conformal fuel tank, two are located in wedge-shaped inlet missile lower side, with some stealth capabilities, the tail of the X-shaped arrangement of four was a small steering wing, front to back the missile guidance section, respectively, fuel tanks and ramjet three parts, according to the Japanese side of the relevant information; ASM-3 approximately 6 meters in length and weighing about 900 kg, speed up to M3, with a range of 150 km, inertial guidance system, plus the last paragraph of the relay / Passive complex guidance system, which has strong resistance to electronic interference. It should be clear is that ASM-3 range, we know that different ballistic missile profile, their range is different, high-altitude thin air, the resistance is small, so the range on the large, low-altitude air density, high resistance, so a range of small, front ASMP mentioned altitude range of 250 km, then to the significant reduction in the low 90 km, then the ASM-3 is what the 150 km range ballistic? Technology from the Japan Ministry of Defense headquarters open ASM-3 concept map using terms; ASM-3 has two ballistic, launching high-altitude, high altitude cruise, and then the last paragraph of lower height, sea-skimming targets, another is the low-emission, low- cruise, the last paragraph of sea-skimming attack from the concept map view, only when high-altitude ballistic carrier aircraft carrier-based air defense system only at the target outside the scope of firepower, but still have to launch low-altitude air defense system of the fire broke into each other within the scope of the other technologies listed in Part ASM-3 missile, compared with similar foreign list, ASM-3 only gives a range of assessment "in" less than ANF supersonic anti-ship missiles, the "big", given the latter's low range of 150 km, 150 km so I think that should be the ASM-3 high-altitude ballistic data. This indicator than the ASM-3 differences, of course, take into account the ASM-3 with INS plus main / passive radar guidance system, its size and weight are higher than ASMP pure inertial guidance system, it appears guess the level of Japan's overall Ramjet similar to Europe and the United States.


 asm-3 ballistic profile


 ASM-3 Structure diagram


 ASM-3 compared with foreign technology

Japan's Air Self equipment ASM-2/93-type air-ship missile has range of about 150 km / low trajectory, according to Japan's technical strength, to upgrade to the harpoon BLOCK1D level, that is, a range of more than 200 km without difficulties, to an F-2 can be mounted up to 4 ASM-2 program, sent a 20-aircraft attack waves has been able to suppress the neighboring countries and regions, surface ships, then why should Japan develop ASM-3? We know as modern radar and datalink technology, on behalf of Aegis ship surface ship combat air defense capability has been improved several times, while the introduction of cooperative engagement capability, but also allowed to have a breakthrough in antenna attack of water over the horizon target ability, low-altitude anti-ship missiles that cruise the traditional tactics to reduce each other's detection capability, thereby reducing the scope of its air defense system to combat fire, and now have greatly reduced the effectiveness of this tactic, then how to improve anti-ship missile strike capability? Use of radiation against the other party is a way of Aegis destroyers, Aegis ships as a mobile radar platform, and ship to air missile with a range of modern far, so need more than anti-radiation missiles have a range, faster speed, greater mobility performance, which is integral ramjet possess advantages, in fact, a trend of anti-radiation missiles now is replaced with a monolithic solid rocket motor ramjet engine, and a is the ASM-3 main / passive guidance system, we know To counter the use of passive anti-radiation guided missile, developed countries ARM bait used to lure away from the anti-radiation missiles, so the latest AGM-88E was introduced in the guidance system active millimeter wave seeker for target identification and development of Active millimeter wave seeker for Japan is a piece of cake, that is not so much an ASM-3 anti-ship missile, it would be a kind of long-range anti-radiation missile, if developed in Japan for a range of 150 type kilometers of anti-ship missiles, others can not say anything, then if this is a type range of 150 km, with passive homing, active identification of anti-radiation missiles, then can not but alert, which is why Japan should ASM hard -3 missiles and aircraft carriers in China do not exist any relationship between the root causes.


 
 ASM-3 test


 Tested by the F-2 to implement

For Japan, its ambition is not limited to this fear, by ASM-3 Development of understanding of the whole Ramjet technology is only the first step in its plan, this plan is by dragging, finish the whole process of ramjet development, master relevant theoretical knowledge, the use of accumulated engineering experience, the training of relevant technical personnel, for the development of more advanced scramjet basis, the existing sub-combustion ramjet ramjet engine in fact, that air should slow down before entering the fuel chamber , acting as air, so its temperature rapidly Zengjia So the punch engine speed Chaoguo 4M is very difficult, but yes scramjet combustion air Zhijie into the combustion chamber, so it can speed Ti Gaodao 5M aircraft above to achieve Gao Ultrasound flight, if the flight is flying high ultrasound technology in the history of a revolution, then the scramjet engine is the material basis of this revolution. So scramjet is the development of hot spots around the world race to one of the areas.


 Scramjet is the basis for future hypersonic aircraft

 


Japan's future space plane

Japan began in 1984 of scramjet technology, have been completed and can simulate altitude 35km, the number of flight speed M 8 hypersonic free jet test rig, to a large number of high-M simulation test, 3 the end of 2002, Japan Airlines the Space Technology Institute of scramjet combustion achieved the first successful test of an effective thrust. In the same year on May 23, in a simulated flight condition Ma = 8 scramjet combustion test, made the flight in the Ma = 8 effective thrust under the world's highest, while Japan, Australia and other countries is also associated with research in the field, and plans to develop a type can be passenger for the 10 single stage to orbit space plane, the successful development of these technologies will mean the Japanese have a cross continental, and global strike capability, that time can not be known as the Self-Defense Forces of Japan Self-Defense Force is really a problem?


By ASM-3 program, Japan has established a perfect ramjet development, testing system
 


 For the future development laid a solid foundation

Be prepared to treat many related projects in Japan, it seems only willing to talk about other people's failures, it ignores Japan's long-term strategy for the maintenance of related technologies; If you see AESA is the direction of development of airborne radar, it would prefer not to develop technology and the difficulty of funding more small PD radar, also developed for the F-2 AESA, could not build aircraft carriers, destroyers on by helicopter to "Quxianjiuguo", the nature of the effect is the same, that scramjet is sent to the future, so investment-related research projects to gain experience.

Tiger is tied with ropes tiger, let alone the tiger's Okanagan has become increasingly thin rope!

Xinhua News Agency: United States interfere in this issue around the country stirring up discord
Core Tip: Recently, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the ASEAN Regional Forum Foreign Ministers meeting to comment, saying the South China Sea island territorial disputes concerning U.S. national interests. These remarks show that the foreign forces to intervene in the South China Sea issue of "interest", the intention behind and the possible impact of neighboring countries should be alert to the South China Sea.



Data Figure: People's Liberation Army stationed soldiers Nansha Johnson South Reef on the reef for military training at Fort

Xinhua reported recently on July 29, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in the ASEAN Regional Forum Foreign Ministers meeting to comment, saying the South China Sea island territorial disputes concerning U.S. national interests. These remarks show that the foreign forces to intervene in the South China Sea issue of "interest", the intention behind and the possible impact of neighboring countries should be alert to the South China Sea.

Hillary said: "In the freedom of navigation, opening up access to Asian waters and high seas areas in the South to comply with international law, United States, the country has its own interests." She also said to promote the multilateral consultations, and to talk about in the South China Sea Wen Tishang Fanduishiyong of force or by force threat, and asked the parties to abide by international law, especially the dispute "United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea."

From the United States called on all parties to comply with "United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea" is a rather ironic. As we all know, since the inception of the Convention in 1982, the United States Navy and the intelligence in order to maintain the power of "freedom of action" Piren other Guojia right of jurisdiction in the exclusive economic zone have not Jiarugongyue, only in recent years, said Cai little interest. Why an "outlaw country" to claim the South China Sea dispute the parties to "abide by the law?" Merits special attention.

Since 2002, China and the ASEAN countries to "United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea" as the criteria, signed the "Declaration on Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," has maintained a stable situation in the South China Sea, so far no threat to regional peace and freedom of navigation events. U.S. so-called "use of force or threat of force" and then pointless to "no", but doubt the intention.

Historical experience shows that when countries dispute between the territory or territorial sea, the external forces, especially the involvement of Western powers will only bring tragedy to the parties. Western powers often provoke other countries into discord, dispute, planted the seeds of regional tensions, and then the "arbiter", "balancer" of the identity of intervention on the parties to the dispute "divide and rule" to seek to maximize their own interests.

Nineteenth-century Britain as the top powers on the colonies to deal with such a strategy; today, the United States intervene in a dispute in some areas, people can also see a similar trick. In fact, so far exaggerate the South China Sea "tense situation" the largest, not parties, but rather is part of the United States government officials, academics and the media.

Some neighboring countries may think that the South China Sea territorial disputes international, the introduction of checks and balances of foreign forces in other countries, would contribute to their own interests, but often it did not, their still may be used by others. Hillary 23, the South China Sea issue in the "high theory" quickly changed the subject, then in human rights, freedom of the press to "beat" some of the ASEAN countries. This shows that the U.S. is not helping other countries, but has its own considerations.


The South China Sea countries, the dispute between the parties should be through direct bilateral negotiations to solve the problem. China and ASEAN countries signed the "Declaration on Conduct of Parties in South China" already specified: "sovereign states directly concerned through friendly consultations and negotiations, by peaceful means to resolve their territorial and jurisdictional controversial." This has been among the countries concerned to promote mutual trust, the final settlement of the dispute, and create favorable conditions and good atmosphere.

Outside forces will only complicate the South China Sea issue, increase the difficulty of solving the problem. Asian countries should show their wisdom and ability to equal treatment, mutual respect, peaceful settlement of the dispute, helping to build the South China Sea a sea of peace, friendship and the sea, a sea of cooperation, rather than allow the South China Sea into a strategy of some external forces the "water board."
 

Hong Kong media: the PLA navy in the Yellow Sea at the same time exercise a rare move

Core Tip: 28, Hong Kong South China Morning Post reported, the PLA held more than twice in the Yellow Sea military exercises, these exercises is clearly the target of the ongoing US-South Korean military exercises held. Military observers said the People's Liberation Army for decades, few in the Yellow Sea near the Korean Peninsula at the same time land and sea exercises.




27, PLA Nanjing Military Region, the Yellow Sea near the test-firing of artillery, a new long-range rockets.
LONDON July 29, according to Hong Kong's South China Morning Post reported that 28 reported that the PLA held more than twice in the Yellow Sea military exercises, these exercises is clearly the target of the ongoing US-South Korean military exercises held. Military observers said the People's Liberation Army for decades, few in the Yellow Sea near the Korean Peninsula at the same time land and sea exercises.

China's official China Central Television reported on 27 noon, at the UAV, radar and other surveillance equipment in support of the artillery units of Nanjing Military Command, a new long-range rocket launch. Although the report did not disclose the specific location exercise, but said the exercise was carried out in the sea near the Yellow Sea. On the same day, the Jinan Military Region Command, Shandong Peninsula in the Yellow Sea near the coastal city held a military exercise, rocket launchers, satellite communications vehicles and other facilities in the exercise of military assets debut. CCTV coverage is not mentioned in the Jinan Military Region of the exercise, but Xinhua did not mention in the reports that the Nanjing Military Region of the exercise.

China Central Television said the Nanjing Military Region, this large-scale long-range artillery rocket fire against the exercise is the first time. The television program showed a video of 12 300-mm multi-rocket launcher systems, rockets, believed to PHL03 (export version is known as AR2). TV commentator said, this long-range rocket fire system in the People's Liberation Army played a key role.

July 17, the PLA held an unprecedented Yellow Sea to hypothetical war between China and other countries against the background of maritime safety emergency drill. Military observers said the People's Liberation Army for decades, few in the Yellow Sea near the Korean Peninsula at the same time land and sea exercises.

PHL03 rocket range of up to 150 km, and small missile similar. Military experts said Ni Lexiong Shanghai, Nanjing Military Region, long-range rocket artillery fire against the exercise was intended to show that if the allies invaded North Korea, People's Liberation Army forces of the army to protect it. Ni Lexiong said the People's Liberation Army Navy's inability to play against "Washington" aircraft carrier, which is its failure to hold anti-aircraft missiles in the Yellow Sea and the reasons for testing. However, long-range rockets and missiles in support of the PLA ground forces, combat and powerful enough to expel invaders.


Own reports, "Washington" aircraft will participate in the US-ROK joint military exercise held in the Yellow Sea after the tensions between Beijing and Washington relations began to intensify. However, Beijing's repeated protests, "Washington" in the Yellow Sea aircraft carrier program was canceled, the Pentagon said the aircraft only in the waters east of the Korean peninsula.

Reported last year, a survey of the Sino-US relations, as much as 72% of Chinese students and 65% of the Chinese public have liked the United States - almost a decade ago. However, Fudan University in Shanghai to participate in the survey countries, said Jiang Changjian professor of international relations, the United States and South Korea to participate in the exercises held in the Yellow Sea, a move could undermine the good impression. Moreover, South Korea said in September this year will be held in the Yellow Sea with the United States to another round of joint military exercises.
 

Chinese Air Force will extend the life of three generations of aircraft engines to 1500 hours

Core Tip: In recent years, the Air Force 5719 factory completion of 63 scientific research, innovation and then a military aircraft engine manufacturing technology reached the international advanced level, engine repair capacity doubled. The technical success rate of three generations of aircraft engines to army life extended from 900 hours to 1,500 hours, equivalent to a 1.6 engine to play the role of engine.



Factory workers to work.




Successful campaign engine remanufacturing plant technology, engine life from 900 hours to 1500 hours.



Factory workers to engage in serious engine repair and maintenance.

Xinhua reported on July 29 in recent years, the Air Force 5719 factory completion of 63 scientific research achievements, obtained more than 20 countries, military science and technology progress awards, independent innovative manufacturing technology for military aircraft engines and then reached the international advanced level, engine repair capacity doubled.

Through their maintenance of a significant new military aircraft engine life extension, 1 to play the role of 1.6 units, the defense has made great military, economic and social benefits.

A 1.6 engine to play the role of engine

5719 plant is under the Department of Air Force equipment, equipment support enterprise, charged with protection of military aircraft engine repair task. Here's employees, like "do not wear military uniforms."

In recent years, with the large number of new aviation equipment in the force deployed, the new military aircraft engines the key, important parts supply, and gradually restricted the air force is continuing the outstanding problems generated. If not promptly and effectively resolved, will inevitably affect the role of the advanced fighters.

Innovation of the 21 factories with international advanced level and then three generations of aircraft engine manufacturing key components, broken by a few Western countries to air engine re-manufacturing monopoly, so that three generations of military aircraft engine life from 900 hours to 1500 hours , equivalent to a 1.6 engine to play the role of engine.

Not occurred for 14 consecutive years, the factory responsible for an accident caused by the flight level

Quality is the lifeline of aircraft engine maintenance. In order to ensure maintenance of quality "zero defect, a boutique." Starting in 2005, 5719 factory set up a "quality alerts walls.


Road, 89 meters long in that the quality of warning on the wall, 历史 上 Air Force aircraft accident for each incident and Demian Deng Ji accident, plant history occurred 10 cases of Jiaotai quality problems Deng Deng impressively in the present, constantly reminding the entire corps the quality as life. So far, the factory has not occurred for 14 consecutive years, the factory responsible for accidents caused by flight level.

Many ordinary workers like those many screws, precision in their posts hold up the plant's aircraft engine maintenance business.

Senior Technician Huang Qiang, "willing to ordinary to accomplish great things small," three decades, painstaking research, careful exploration of the professional involved in the 3400 parts and equipment structure knows quite complex, with 9 out of all apprentices are technical experts. Assembly process provides the technical parameters of the upper and lower limit, the median is the ideal state.

Wu create their own team put forward the "harsh" requirements: Be sure to take intermediate values. Although the workload doubled, but the engine flight safety factor has substantially increased.
 

Chinese nuclear submarine with a new torpedo can target a large tail swing attack
Core Tip: North Sea Fleet of the "pioneer underwater boat" - Type 091 submarine is equipped with a new torpedo in recent years. In a second training, the submarine has successfully turned the boat in the absence of the circumstances, the launch of the new torpedo hit the tail to follow the target.



"Pioneer underwater boat" in review. That China's 091 nuclear attack submarines.



Data Figure: China sonarmen.



Data Figure: New Chinese Navy submarine loading torpedoes.

Peninsula Metropolitan News reported on July 29 of a base in the North Sea Fleet has repeatedly established a military exploits of the "pioneer underwater boat", was awarded the honorary title of the Central Military Commission for 16 years, generations of crew always uphold "underwater pioneer" flag to create a comprehensive excellent underwater pioneer, fighting for a submarine to make a special contribution to the continuing jump.

"Pioneer underwater boat" Since being established, creating a certain type of submarine in the history of nearly 30 "first" and a number of "first", has won 2 集体二等功, 4 collective merit, for 3 was commended for the basic construction of the Navy model units, 60 times by the fleet, the navy, army, national recognition, 2 times by the General Political Department recognized as "the whole army advanced grass-roots party organizations," 2 times by the Central Organization Department recognized as " National Advanced grassroots party organizations "; has awarded a first-person, 2, and 14 awarded second class, 190 people awarded a third class, 2 were rated as" the whole army advanced individual learning from Lei Feng ", 2 were as a "fine young naval force talent model."

■ deeds of a

Another large iron and steel man named storms scare

16 years, generations of crew always uphold "underwater pioneer" banner, and strive to build themselves into underwater pioneer, fighting for a submarine to make a special contribution to the continuing jump:

To test the combat capability of a submarine at sea, the boat has a large range for a long time the largest self-assessment training sail power, in submarines and humidity, high temperature, high noise environment of work, many officers and men of oral ulcers, physical exhaustion ... ... but , no amount of difficulty deters these perennial sea Chuang guy, and then the storm has not scare this group of steel cast of a man, the officers and men one after another unexpected victory over the hardships and difficulties, victories return.

About to dock at the moment, the captain shouted at the loudspeaker: "Comrades, we must accept the motherland and the people standing review!" Hear "the motherland and the people," the five characters, everyone with strict and military capacity, encouraging the state onto pier. A former general who came to greet the submarine. When you see the young faces that draw a smile on the blooming time, the generals tears. He said the submarine voyage so many days, can climb out of the hatch is not easy, to smile, it is a spiritual force.

The long voyage, breaking the record set by a foreign submarine, verify the reliability of the Chinese submarine machinery and equipment, and crew sustained combat capability. To temper the ability to win, "Pioneer boat underwater," the officers and men to explore bold, positive reform and innovation, training and operational methods, according to actual requirements and training techniques, tactics, command.

■ deeds 2

Work together to complete new tactics

Certain methods of operation, its risk has not been applied in the sea. The boat party "members" believe that the tactics of the largest mining weapons potential is essential to adapt to future operations. They carefully measured analysis, improvement plans for various programs, the final decision in the sea exercises for soldiers and equipment.


In a training, bad weather, sea conditions complicated, rough and the boat is scheduled to underwater submersible × m. Targeted at × meters behind the boat, turned the traditional approach to boat to, is an attack on the target, but this would delay the time of attack, and even the "enemy" attack.

This time, the captain decided to test its tactics, but risky. Boat party "members" that usually dare not risk, war would be dangerous; not usually high standards of training, the war can not be invincible in the future.

All the crew in the captain calm, orderly direction, navigation, electronics, torpedoes and other departments to operate in strict accordance with regulations, such as Lixianzhijian toward the torpedo away. Everyone's heart pulling together, staring long torpedo torpedo trajectory navigation, electrical and mechanical long closely with various instruments, all staff hold your breath.

3 minutes after the torpedo went straight to the established target track, the whole boat cheers.
 

Chen Bingde visited South China Sea Fleet exercises to strength the military struggle
Core Tip: 28, member of the Central Military Commission, Chief of General Staff Chen Bingde in the South China Sea Fleet of the Navy to observe a multi-service contract, live ammunition exercise, stressed the need to develop a high degree of attention to changes in situations and tasks, solid preparations for military struggle. Navy Commander, Assistant Chief of Staff, the commander of the Guangzhou Military Region, accompanied by senior officers to observe the exercise.



July 26, the Central Military Commission, member of the Navy Chief of General Staff Chen Bingde the South China Sea to observe a multi-service contract, live ammunition exercise (CCTV news video shots).



171 South China Sea Fleet battleship, "the sea" ship, 169, "Wuhan" leader-ship exercises. (Currently 170 "Lanzhou" as the sixth ship fleet is the Gulf of Aden to escort escort, 168, "Guangzhou" the end of the fifth ship to escort mission, is to visit Egypt. This is purely made four new destroyers, the South China Sea Fleet of the PLA's "Four King Kong ") (CCTV news video shots).

Liberation Army Daily reported yesterday, July 29, CMC member and Chief of General Staff Chen Bingde in the South China Sea Fleet of the Navy to observe a multi-service contract, live ammunition exercise, stressed the need to conscientiously implement the important instructions and the Central Military Commission Chairman Hu deployment requirements, focus on generating system operational capability, actively promote the transformation of military training. CMC members, Navy Commander Wu Shengli, accompanied by observation.

Chen Bingde pointed out that the central task force to be close to great efforts to strengthen party building. Always the main focus on the overall situation, focus centers on the full completion of the central task of party organizations in the core of leadership in the role of the military into the center of the real party-building tasks, using the results service central task of party building. Vigorou