Do not look to regret: to capture the ongoing wind tunnel tests of the Chinese fourth generation fighter

 China's fourth generation fighter Description:

     China has two fourth-generation fighter design.

    The first aerodynamic configuration with canard delta design, which was thought to benefit from Russia's design, because this design is similar to Russia's Mikoyan Design Bureau MiG 1.44, fifth-generation fighter-type, but then did not use Russian Mig 1.44 fighters of the design ideas.

     Another fourth-generation fighter design is comparable to the U.S. F-35 fighters, only slightly smaller form factor, if such aircraft design is successful, undoubtedly in the cost is lower than Lockheed - Martin Corp. F-35 fighters.

     China is developing two fourth-generation fighter aircraft - the twin advanced stealth fighter, the project is named as the "J -13" and "J -14", the project to undertake side are flying into a fly and Shen.

   The end of 2003, circulated on the Internet a wind tunnel model of fighter aircraft programs may be closely related with the F -13. Machine model shown proof of concept, the aircraft with the U.S. F-22A stealth fighters have some similarities, such as the built-in weapons, bomb bay. The project is still in the proof of concept stage.

      In addition to "J -13" project, there is also competition in the Chinese company the fourth-generation fighter the Air Force procurement contract. This company successfully developed the F -10 fighter, has attention turned to the double payment of J -10 big version, the project was named "J -14."

  "J -14" should be a high-performance heavy-duty control of the air fighter, its performance in Europe, "Typhoon" fighter and the French "Rafale" fighter on top, but I am afraid that can not be compared with the F-22A Raptor.
 
      F -14 in the "Ninth Five-Year" project since the end of the development. State upfront investment of more than 80 million development by the 611 organizations, is that by following the -10 F, the development of another major national organizations, special projects. There are three aerodynamic research and development program in the pre-research wind tunnel tests. Stealth aircraft currently using a variety of materials and technology, to head the direction of radar cross section (RCS) reduced to 0.5 square meters, its enemy radar detection range will be halved. Electromagnetic theory and applied by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of the research team who organized the inlet and engine J -14 compressor blade surface sprayed with a layer of magnetic radar absorbing material. One of the coating thickness of 0.7MM and 1.4MM material for inlet; a 0.5MM for the low-pressure compressor coating material before the class leaves. These measures can make the F -14 inlet reduce radar reflection generated 10-15DB; to stealth, J -14 The canopy also been improved, the latest news is that research staff have developed a plasma deposition treatment process, the plasma deposition of metal and polymer materials to the dissection. The wave shield in the cockpit, the same time does not affect the sunlight to enter.

Hold back China's export of military products for personal use of weapons with different

Lanke: China's weapons and equipment, we always learn from them to us by outside China for similar Pakistan, Zimbabwe. Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand. And so, from where many of our understanding of China's conventional weapons performance. However, these so-called weapons, in fact, with the Chinese-owned weapons are not exactly the same. China has adopted this approach, although the surface is to emulate European and American countries so-called "export-oriented" but, in fact, China is still a closed security measures. 
  
For example: China open to the public announcement of the C802C-type missiles, and his maximum range of 120 km. Improved to 180 km. Warhead weight of 250 kg. 1-2 times the speed of sound. Therefore, as a NATO military journals have this as a benchmark for the Chinese C082 missile technology parameters. However, a report from Pakistan: Chinese naval equipment C802 and external sales decidedly different, even more than the so-called public figures. His biggest can carry 330 kg warhead, with a range increased to 195 km. Lowest trajectory is 1.5 meters and not his, said outside the 2 meters. Chinese sales of missile technology to Iran C802 system is more compact warhead parts of his set playing only 125 kg. Ballistic 2.5 meters. Guidance for a single guided mode. Speed is 1.5 times the speed of sound. Therefore, relying on the technology developed in the Iranian missiles used against Israel in the ship when Salmond type 5 can make the other escaped. But Pakistan did not mention the other key parts of lead. Sold to Thailand, China, 85 armored vehicles, installed in accordance with Thailand, "will" of the German KBN new type of radio. Their own appearance before the COP90-based radio stations removed. 
  

In the J-7F for Pakistan exports fighter, China removed a long-range development of the new implementation of synthetic aperture radar. It also installed a European Bray Vista's LA302-type medium-sized radar. China's exports of weapons, to be such a cover, the main purpose is to lead us to confusion and to distort the understanding of Chinese military. So that we do not actually understand China's own military equipment, weapons. In 94 years of negotiations between China and Russia introduced SU27 fighter aircraft production line, Chinese negotiators at the outset that Russia will, SU27 fighter jets airborne radar part of the operating system. Finally, Russia reluctantly agreed. However, Russian engineers and technicians in SAC for final assembly into the guidance period, China has refused to enter the Russian expert guidance. They think that China can install the guidance equipment. Therefore, from the Russian news on the F-11, generally stay in his line of raw data. 
  
As for China to improve in-house secret, the Russian side to this is no way to completely unknown. Therefore, we can see that China in all manufacturing, research introduction.Weapons work, and for a long time to make a secret means to cover. This is China's so-called "progressive liberalization of military transparency." 
  
List of China's arms exports 
FC-1 Xiaolong fighter 
FC-1 was developed in cooperation between China and Pakistan, a new type of aircraft, the Pakistan Air Force called it JF17, FC1 has successfully completed a test flight. Recent 04 sample, it is in the use of DSI inlet, on the aerodynamic shape with no small change, with the world advanced level further reduced. 
Export models: FC1 (JF17) 
Main export countries: Pakistan 

J-7 fighter 
Imitation of the Chinese J-7 fighters from the former Soviet Union, MIG21, but higher than its prototype are more resistant, not only in the Chinese air force for decades, but also a large number of export to third world countries, these countries become a powerful tool to defend airspace, and received widespread praise in these countries. 
Export Model: J7A J7B J7II J7M J7P JJ7 
Main export countries: Albania, USA and Yemen Iraq, Iran and Egypt 

J-6 fighter 
Chinese Air Force J-6 fighters are equipped with the largest number of a fighter.Prototype of the former Soviet Union developed in the early fifties MiG-19 light fighter, who in the sixties China exported to Pakistan, J 6, J-6 in the India-Pakistan war, the number of enemy aircraft shot down since the loss of three, achieved good success.Today, China has gradually retired J-6, has also been serving in a foreign country was nearing the end of life, but people will not forget it had set off the credit. 
Export Model: J6 JJ6 
Main export countries: Pakistan 

K8-based trainer 
K8 trainer China Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company and Pakistan jointly developed integrated aviation intermediate tandem two-seat trainer / light ground attack aircraft. General aviation enterprises to invest in Pakistan 25%. K-8 program for the full mid-level flight training, external part of the basic and advanced flight training and light ground attack can also perform the task. Pakistan for more than interested in a K8, Egypt, China has exported K8 production line, the eighth cross Egypt K8 industry has successfully off the assembly line production, in addition to other small countries are also interested in buying K8. 
Export Model: K8 
Main export countries: Pakistan and Egypt 

CJ-6 trainer aircraft 
CJ -6 developed by the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company, on January 62 finalized and production of five prototype, six months after the mass production. CJ -6 long served in the Air Force and the local aviation school in China is still the main force of China's primary trainer. For performance, reliable, durable and very shape of World War II feeling, CJ 6 have been many foreign flight enthusiast, and now, many second-hand fly CJ-6 is the sky in a foreign land. 

Export Model: CJ6 
Main export countries: Albania Bangladesh and Cambodia North Korea Tanzania and USA 

Strong 5-type attack aircraft 
Strong 5-type attack aircraft is based on the former Soviet Union MIG19 fighter developed is still in the military service. Strong 5 is an excellent attack aircraft, in addition to domestic use, but also be exported to a number of friendly countries, in military exercises on a variety of foreign fighters beat it, in some countries has also repeatedly withstood the baptism of war. 
Export Model: A5C (Q5III) 
Main export countries: Pakistan, Bangladesh and Myanmar 

H-6 bombers 
H -6 bomber, the prototype for the famous former Soviet medium jet bomber Figure -16.The machine uses two Ottoman Zaitsev turbojet engine, swept wing, the former Soviet Union is an excellent long-term use of the bombers. In 1959, China's Xian Aircraft Manufacturing Company began to imitate the bombers. H-6D was able to mount an improved anti-ship missiles, sea attack capability has been greatly improved in the 80's when the China's exports to Iraq had been the bomber. 
Export Model: H-6DII 
Main export countries: Iraq 

Rivers and lakes class frigate 
Rivers and lakes level Hudong and Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai built the first generation of Navy guided missile frigate, commissioned in mid July. "Jiang Hu" class is a modified F-18's hull on the cheap in the cost of equipment artillery, anti-ship missile corvettes and anti-aircraft gun, the biggest feature is the high performance and low cost, easy maintenance, Thailand in 1988 decided to China ordered ships of this type, and then ship in 1991, over the years so that the use of this type of ship Pingjiapogao Thai Navy. 
Export Model: 053HT (F18) 053HE 
Main export countries: Thailand, Egypt and Bangladesh 

"Grace is satisfied to" level 
In 1991, the Thai Navy ordered two Chinese shipyards newly designed F-25T "satisfied to Grace" level (F-25T NARESUAN CLASS) frigate, and the "Chao Phraya" level ("Wild III" class) The difference is, "satisfied to Grace" class ship of major equipment and weapons detection equipment the West, but it is still regarded as a cheap weapon. 
Export Model: F-25T (satisfied to Grace) 
Main export countries: Thailand 

Victory-class port patrol boat 
"Victory" class fast patrol the main port for the steel hull, the superstructure is aluminum alloy, according to the French classification society specifications BV designed and built aircraft airworthiness in the coastal zone. Has been cross-Fu Yijun, mainly used in the training of Iraqi and U.S. troops carried out under the guidance of port security patrols. 
Export Model: Victory class 
Main export countries: Iraq 

China Cat-class missile boats 
China Cat-class missile boats is a small missile boats, the type of boat used catamaran hull, the maximum speed of about 50 knots, the main weapon is the two double-loaded C-701 anti-ship missile launcher modification, the Iranian Navy its major buyers. 
Export Model: C14 (the Western code - the cat) 
Main exporting countries: Iran 

Valley class missile boats 
"Valley" class (Type 024) small missile boats, from the former Soviet Union "tiny" style improvements come fast and has good resistance to wave forces. Started in April 1966, launched in August, December service, named as 66-type of small missile boats. 1980-1982, 701 and 4805 plants will be four Navy C-801 utility converted to a 024 missile boats, attack power greatly strengthened, Africa and Asia have to buy some third world countries. 
Export Model: 024E 024G P29B 
Main exporting countries: Iran, Egypt, Bangladesh and Pakistan 

R-class submarines 
"R"-class conventional submarines (Type 033), is an improved type of the former Soviet Union 613, is based on "twenty-four Agreement", the former Soviet Union paid transfer to China by the China imitation. Is the largest production volume of a submarine, but also the only submarine of Chinese exports. 
Export Model: 033 
Main export countries: Egypt, North Korea 

Shanghai class patrol boats 
Shanghai level (062) high-speed service corvettes in 1962, has built a variety of modifications, is now part of the retired. Shanghai-class boats exported a total of more than a hundred vessels, including Asia, Middle East and African countries, the Navy, in which Romania, through licensing, and built their own 25. 
Export Model: 062 
Main export countries: Romania, Vietnam and Pakistan, Bangladesh and Myanmar North Korea 

Hainan-class submarine chasers 
Hainan-class submarine chasers in the transfer of part of the 6641 Soviet-type boats based on drawings by 701 Design. Construction number reached more than 100 vessels. And exported to Egypt, Myanmar and other countries. 
Export Model: 037I 037IS 
Main export countries: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Egypt 

59 tanks 
Type 59 main battle tank is based on the former Soviet T-54A tanks imitation. In 1956, China won the T-54A's technical information and samples. December 1958, the first one assembled with parts made in China the Soviet T-54A open down the line. Type 59 is one of the largest number of Chinese-tank, at the time, it is also a more advanced tanks, exported to many Third World countries. 
Export Model :59-2 59-125mm gun-type 
Main export countries: Albania Iran, Iraq and Congo Cambodia Korea 
Pakistan and Vietnam 

69 tanks 
69 tanks in 59 tank designed on the basis of self-improvement of medium tanks in 1965 to produce prototypes, design finalized in 1974. 69 type of exports are also relatively large, in some areas of conflict to play their role. 
Export Model :69-II 69-S 69IIAP 
Main export countries: Iraq Thailand, Pakistan and Iran North Korea Sudan, Vietnam and Congo 
Tanzania, Albania, Cambodia Saudi Arabia 

85 tanks 
Chinese Type 85 tanks, tanks in the 80II changed based on the power plant and the turret from a new type of main battle tanks, the latest improved in the country known as the Type 96, Pakistan has imported from China more than 85 tanks. 
Export Model: 85 85IIAP 
Main export countries: Pakistan 

63 Amphibious Tank 
Type 63 amphibious tanks are the first generation of Chinese self-developed land and water tanks, in October 1958 began to design, start small batch production in 1960 and try to pay troops, military equipment currently in the latest model is the replacement of the turret 63A. The tank had exported Myanmar and other countries. 
Export Model: T63 
Main export countries: Myanmar 

Type 86 infantry fighting vehicles 
Type 86 infantry fighting vehicles (also known as WZ-501) is 80 years of the 20th century, the Soviet BMP-1 infantry fighting vehicles, based on imitation, design finalized in April 1986, began production in 1992. The car is mainly used for collaborative combat tanks can also be carried out combat missions independently. 
Export Model: WZ501 
Main exporting countries: Iran, Iraq and Myanmar Sri Lanka 

Type 85 armored vehicles 
China Type 85 Type 63 improvements comes from a tracked armored vehicle family a total of a dozen different variants. The car in the 80's had hundreds of vehicles to the Thai exports, and later used to obtain a good evaluation of the Thai Army. 
Export Type: YW531H 
Main export countries: Thailand and Myanmar 

Type 63 armored vehicles 
The car started to develop in 1958, design finalized in 1963, named Type 63 armored personnel carriers, tanks, mainly used to transport infantry combat coordination, access to 80 years, 30 kinds of rapid development into a tracked armored vehicle family. And equipment is still continuing to produce and export abroad. 
Export Type: YW531 
Main exporting countries: Iran 

Type 63 107MM Rocket 
12 Type 63 107 mm rocket was developed in 1961, finalized in 1963, designed and put into mass production, a large number of armed forces. 63 type with a small size, light weight and a series of characteristics, is a weapon of guerrilla warfare, have exported to many countries, has been widely copied abroad, China's export of weapons in one of the most famous, known as "gun in the AK47 ". 
Export Model: 63 
Main export countries: Afghanistan, Iran and Myanmar North Korea 

PLZ45 add their own style 155MM howitzer 
PLZ45 is based on 155-mm self-propelled artillery of the world's development trend, with reference to the West 155-mm self-propelled artillery of the development goals developed, and its overall performance with the U.S. M109A6, Germany and the UK AS90 PzH2000 equivalent fire performance is better than the U.S. M109A6 and British AS90. After the Gulf War over Kuwait to my order?? Witt 

56 assault rifle 
56 assault rifle is modeled on the Soviet AK-47 type 7.62mm assault rifles, in 1956 production models. Installed outside of the military except for those listed, it is also widely exported to other third world countries, known as China's AK, the same time, the Chinese people in the U.S. AK market, also known for its reliable, cheap and very popular. 
Export Model :56-1 ,56-2 
Main export countries: Vietnam Iran, Iraq and USA 

HY-series anti-ship missile 
"Sea Hawk" anti-ship missile is the basis of the former Soviet Styx missiles early on developed an anti-ship missiles, although now outdated, but at the time there is a cheap deterrent against weapons on the sea , in addition to serving in our military forces, but also exported to some Third World countries. Iraq imported a lot of Seahawk missile used in combat, has achieved some success. As captured by U.S. forces in Iraq in 2003, remaining part of the U.S. military into the hands of Seahawks generation come to such a fate were playing a real pity. 
Export Model: HY-2 
Main export countries: Iraq, Iran, North Korea 

C801 anti-ship missile 
C801 is the first to understand the outside world in 1984, the National Day military parade ceremony, the then looks exactly like the Exocet missile that appeared to rise to a world's attention. With the gradual disclosure of information, people will know that this missile is not to imitate the foreign products, but China is developed, but its performance no better than similar foreign products poor. 90, C801 in China started to export. 
Export models: C801 C802 
Main export countries: Algeria, Iran and Thailand Korea 

 Red Flag 2 missiles 
Red Flag is China's No. 1 anti-aircraft missiles SA-2 based on the former Soviet Surface to Air Missile Weapon System in imitation of semi-permanent high-altitude, in the short-range surface to air missile weapon system, after it became the basis of further improvement of the red flag 2. Red Flag 2 is the largest output of a missile, even today still in service, and because of the famous U2 reconnaissance plane was shot down known, China has exported to North Korea and other countries such missiles. 
Export Model: HQ-2 
Main export countries: Vietnam Iran, Iraq and USA

Chinese military has finally unveiled the heavy bomber

Hey, let's also keep pace! Western hegemony is always a look at some countries, some concepts are being developed or come in to show off.
 
    Recent analysis of China's strategic bombers and comments heard from the Chinese version of the Soviet H-6 -32 to improve the model, from buying to Russian Figure-22M3 supersonic strategic bomber is being developed in China, China's strategic offensive and strategic projection has been more much speculation and concern. Strategic bomber is a manifestation of a nation's comprehensive national strength, but also a country's national strategy and military strategy, embodied, whether in political or military, for a country of great importance. Recently U.S. military experts also said China has developed improved H-6 model, will have a longer combat radius and all-weather long-range strike capability.
 
According to the assessment community to understand reports, the U.S. deputy director of International Strategic Assessment Center, the Chinese military expert Richard. Fisher, the author claims that China has developed the latest improved H--6, saying the threat of the PLA Air Force will have the U.S. military in Guam capacity. Richard. Fisher published an article entitled "China's new bomber," the article.
 
The article said that some pictures on the Internet, these photos show that China's H--6 medium bombers and the emergence of new improved. This improved on two important features, one is a larger engine air intakes, indicating that the aircraft installation of the newer, bigger engine thrust; the other is a total of six under the wing pylons. These racks can be mounted independently developed a new type of China's new precision-guided cruise missiles and ammunition. These improvements to the old H -6 attack potential to be the biggest upgrade.
 
Tactical battle, the Cold War, strategic bombers, only as a deterrent nuclear shield, conventional combat is weak, there is no conventional bombing capability, like the United States B-58 "bandits" (It is also that it was hastily retired) and Soviet figure-95MS (Russia plans to have the tactical ability to improve) and so on. The current strategic bomber can perform strategic tasks only, but also can perform tactical missions, precision-guided weapons appear to greatly increase the ability of targets. H-6K also have this capability.
 
Precision-guided weapons appear to greatly increase the combat capability, not only with small guided bombs, cruise missiles can hit point targets using the remote. Also means increased accuracy against a one-time attack missions more efficient, fewer sorties, the loss rate is reduced accordingly. Meanwhile, the payload could be reduced, increased range and mobility, do not like the B-52 (26 吨), B-1 (56 tons), Figure -160 (30 tons), as dozens of tons of payload every turn . Load of bombs to reduce the efficiency of their attacks is not to say, less than the original results, the opposite is multiplied. During the Gulf War, B-52's actual use of terms in the fighting in Iraq contributed to the collapse; in the war in Iraq, it is mainly played the role of psychological shock and awe; and the war in Afghanistan, it is mainly hiding place for Osama bin Laden carried out precision strikes, the effect is obvious.
 
Fisher believes that improved the appearance of the new -6 H marks the PLA Air Force has a remote air attack platform as the focus of its modernization, and the future, China will invest in terms of strategic bombers greater financial and material resources.
 
Fisher claimed that a Chinese source suggests that the H-6K was developed in 2000.This machine has a larger engine air intakes, which marks the introduction of new larger engine thrust. Some Western reports speculated that the H-6K new engine type may be used 12,000 kg of thrust D-30KP turbofan engine (the engine transport aircraft Il--76), H -6 relative to the old installation of 9500 kg thrust WP-8 turbojet engine type, the H-6K type of engine performance improved greatly. Greater thrust and higher combustion efficiency will make the H-6K has a larger payload and longer operational radius.
 
Currently, H -6 bomber combat radius 1800-2200 km. Most Western arms experts speculate: D-30 engine with improved aerodynamic body shape and position in the increase in fuel tanks mounted weapons, the H-6K can easily be raised to combat radius of 3,000 km, or even further, almost four Jian Shi times. (Note: Jian Shi fighter combat radius of 1,100 km)
 
Future, China will further improve the H-6K type, to perform more accurate attack missions and space warfare missions. H-6K to redesign the front of the fuselage for the introduction of new optical aiming equipment plenty of room left, the new view of both the aiming device can be embedded inside the fuselage, can also form through the targeting pod installed. H-6K can through its own airborne sensors or ground / air sensor to receive data information, the main evidence is the marked improvement in the aircraft cockpit for a 6-digit multi-function display. The future may be equipped with more powerful of the new radar, the H-6K will certainly have all-weather combat capability, capable of firing laser guided or GPS-guided type-type precision-guided munitions.

China's first aircraft carrier's it: good military ushered in a new Wagner

Recently, online on Wagga good news spread throughout the military aircraft carrier altar network. Gangster level in several military sites appeared in Wagga good news finally completed, that the network has already begun on the Wagga good very sensitive, and very likely the carrier has been successfully modified. The military could go to meet a new Chinese aircraft carrier.
    Wagner Liang built by the former Soviet Union, created in 1998 by the law of the Macao tourism and entertainment company bought, and finally in the hands of the military, while the Chinese military has been the past two years, and some foreign teams have a strong technical transformation of Wagga good cooperation . Netizens at home and abroad according to military experts, and some speculation, Wagner senior People's Liberation Army, a good litmus test is, once the successful transformation of China master the technology, after the carrier, Wagner may be a good carrier of China Kaishanzushi God.
     Wagner is a good role in the biggest transformation of renovation, reconstruction, and Ukraine, China and Brazil on the way of cooperation, China can learn a lot about the aircraft carrier technology. Once these technologies are fully grasp, we need not worry because there is no technology can not start building an aircraft carrier. At that time, China can build more aircraft carriers, China does not build aircraft carriers is not because there is no money, not because do not want to make, it is highly possible that the construction process is our carrier of technical know that much. When we have this technology can be replicated after more good Wagner. At that time, China that is the real owner of the aircraft carrier. Ushered in the so-called transformation of the military success of the new Wagner is only a good alternative, personal opinion, Wagner successful transformation and good water that means the carrier has to learn the technical and construction details, then we can build their own new aircraft carrier.

      "Wagner good" aircraft carrier length 304.5 meters, full load displacement of 67,500 tons. Using angle flight deck, the bow has a smooth jump Qiqiao deck of 12 degrees, the aircraft can fly directly to slide leaps. Official equipped fighters and Su-card -33 -27 twin helicopter.
Main dimensions: Captain 306 m (length), 281 meters (waterline), ship-wide and 73 meters, 10 meters draft

Flight deck: length 304 meters, 72 meters wide

Hangar: Length 152 meters, 26 meters wide, 7 meters high

"Wagner good" number of the future should be two possibilities. First of all, "Wagner good" numbers may become test ship, the ship was used as test equipment, electronic systems, weapons, equipment and carrier aircraft test platform. "Jane's Defense Weekly," had earlier mentioned in some reports, "Wagner good" number is handling devices, including carrier-based aircraft catapult take-off device including a variety of carrier ship and a number of self-defense weapons and equipment.

    Although the Chinese military pilot flight deck can land a new carrier aircraft taking off and landing tests, but this method is difficult to simulate the sea swing and sway when taking off and landing. "Wagner good" was a test ship for new aircraft carrier after that they can provide the best test platform. And, "Wagner good" numbers can also be used to test different types of aircraft power plant, in order to determine what future Chinese aircraft carrier power plant use.
 
Secondly, the "Wagner good" No. There may be a training ship for naval aircraft carrier battle staff to China for long-term training. Since 1985, the Chinese Navy began to pick from the naval air force pilots in aircraft carrier captain qualified to participate in training courses for officers, the so-called "flight captain class." However, no aircraft carriers, the excellent group of trained officers had acted as captain of the destroyer.
 
 Needless to say, you want a guided missile destroyer to the carrier on the accumulation of management experience is almost impossible. This dilemma in the "Wagga good" was obtained after a training ship completely changed, including the captain of the ship including the officers at all levels, all ship personnel and carrier-based pilots to pass through the real training ship gained valuable experience. "Wagner good" No. Once a long-serving training ship, will be able to train for the Chinese navy's aircraft carrier generation after generation of qualified service personnel.

Russia successfully test-fired again Bulava submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile

Data Figure: Russian Navy, "Bulava" ICBM launch instant
MOSCOW, Oct. 29 (Xinhua Weiliang Lei) 29, the Russian Defense Ministry announced the day of the Russian Navy has successfully conducted the second time this year, "Bulava" sea-based intercontinental ballistic missile test, which is the 14th of the missiletest.

Russia's Defense Ministry said the missile by the Russian Navy, "Dmitry East Vanscoy" was the domain of heavy strategic nuclear submarine fired from Baihai Hai, warhead accurately hit the Kura testing Russia's Far East Kamchatka Peninsula, the court's intended target.

As planned, the Russian Navy will be three times this year, "Bulava" missile tests, the first two from "Dmitry East Vanscoy" nuclear submarine launch, if successful, the third time will be scheduled equipment "brava "missiles" 尤里多尔戈鲁基 "nuclear submarine launch.

Russian Navy this year, scheduled August 11 to 14 test "Bulava" missile, the latter announced the postponement. 7th of this month, Russia conducted a successful first time this year, "Bulava" sea-based intercontinental ballistic missile test. Earlier, Russian military test-fired 12 times, "Bulava" missile, 7 failed due to technical failure. Some Russian military analysts question of developing a "Bulava" missile necessity, but the Russian Defense Ministry and the Navy have indicated, will not give up research and development efforts.

"Bulava" missile developed by the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering, 10 points lead can carry nuclear warheads with a range of 8,000 kilometers. Under the plan, "Bulava" missile nuclear deterrent will be the E Haiji core, and the "Topol-M" as the core of the land-based ballistic missile nuclear deterrent, and space-based nuclear deterrent force together to form a complete system of nuclear deterrence.

The face of India, China, Pakistan should be appropriate to show what the power of friendship

 India, Pakistan, on the strategic aspects of growing pressure, it can not be tolerated in China and ignored. Moreover, behind India, the United States are fueled, need a high degree of vigilance.
India has the help of the United States began seeking to completely change the status of Sino-Indian border. Of course, where the border is not a territorial borders, but security boundary.
Pakistan is China's most important strategic security border, to safeguard China's strategic security the cornerstone of the south. Once a change in the ideal world, China is bound to be a lot of the resources necessary to contain the South direction.
China to establish the true sense of course looking forward to the strategic mutual trust.On the one hand you can let the Chinese have more resources to face the possible threat, it can also enable India to mobilize more resources to compete with the interests of world hegemony, the struggle in China is also a pivot. However, when India's hands in the direction of Pakistan, when everything is impossible.
A pro-China Pakistan in India appears to be a very serious security threat, which is just as China, India to see a pro-American feeling. However, this mean that the efforts of Pakistan, India Jianchu reasonable interest demands that China should understand?Obviously, this idea is wrong.
Now to maintain mutual trust, we must first maintain the vital interests of the other party of tolerance. India do not have to do this. Especially the recent to exert tremendous pressure Pakistan once again verify the pro-China Pakistan India for a very low tolerance.
As the process of Sino-US strategic mutual trust, the Taiwan issue as the status quo.Taiwan, China put up a period of no unification, the United States agree that a period of time not only to Taiwan. Thus, the two sides to form a mutual trust mechanism, to a certain framework to find common interests. In other words, if China is seeking to unilaterally seek to change the status quo, it will inevitably bring about the deterioration of Sino-US relations.
If the United States seek to unilaterally change the status quo, there will be the same result. This is not to say that China has always been not to seek status quo, merely to show that trust is to change the status quo have a great impact. In recognition of the status quo, the two sides will begin a game with a race against time.
Pakistan's pro-China-India relations in the state is the most important status quo. India will seek to change the status quo goes to the core interests of China, the Taiwan issue than the much more important in the United States.
Once the position of Pakistan to change the existing power structure or destroyed, then the overall balance of power in India if not a decisive change, but the direction will inevitably lead to the South Asian balance of power in a decisive change in India. This will force the deployment of the overall pattern of China's lethal negative impact.
In China and India seek to build trust in the process, India is still seeking to unilaterally change the status of the direction of Pakistan, apparently without any sincerity at all. This round of repression against Pakistan, India seeks U.S. help in Pakistan forced down, against the United States expects Pakistan lost the courage.
Bilateral mutual trust is similar to the ceasefire agreement, India's behavior exactly the same unilateral cross-border attack! In other words, India is not complied with the basic code of conduct and mutual trust.
Pakistan's status has changed the direction of serious consequences, it is can not bear.The cost is much larger than China and India are the positive benefits of mutual trust.The intention to change the direction of Pakistan, the fact that the status quo, but also apparently just do not have proof of the sincerity of each other, then China can imagine the reaction.
Not to say that China Xiaodujichang. China can tolerate a wide range. Such as India and vigorously strengthen the military, such as India on the issue of provocation in the territory, such as India's poor attitude to China. Only change the status of the practice direction of Pakistan is zero tolerance. Trust behind a recognition for the status quo. The two sides put down the existing contradictions, individually or in collaboration with the interests of the battlefield to find more appropriate.
India should thoroughly examine the following China's history, especially the Korean War. Why did the Korean War to fight it? Of course, nothing to do with trust, but it involves the security of the border to China a major change.
At this point, Pakistan and North Korea is a heavy weight on. Since then North Korea and China can be a superpower war, then, not to mention India? Unfortunately, India is obviously not equipped to deter China's deterrent force.
If India is not enough research, you want to come then in the Korean War lessons learned by the memory of Americans will be more profound and research. It would appear that Americans seem to help India move to a very worth pondering.
A war between India and Pakistan, followed by the Indian war, the impact on China is difficult to estimate. If the United States, China, India to conduct a forced at gunpoint to accept the war, it is no doubt that such a silly run into a neighbor of China is too sad. We can only give up the idea of mutual trust to maintain the status quo of the direction of Pakistan. But, even more sad to lose the war will only be all of India.
If you need to change the direction of India, Pakistan, the status quo, and does not lead to violent conflict, it is only a possibility. India can match that given in the interests of the exchange. The exchange value of the interests of balance of power between China and India are closely linked. Can be predicted, as long as India does not have an absolute advantage on the balance of power, they need to pay the exchange costs is necessarily difficult to pay for it.
In other words, this exchange may be essentially non-existent. Than the exchange of interests on the Taiwan issue, the difficulty is much greater. Because the interests of Pakistan as the fulcrum of the scale and significance of the geopolitical position to be much larger than Taiwan. Moreover, Chinese people would be willing to betray a friend?Word of mouth to treat a friend, is also a very considerable soft power.
India dare to continue playing with fire in the direction of Pakistan, most likely next step is to test the Chinese action. If under the judge finds that the direction of China in Pakistan, there will be no action, I am afraid that not only did the Indian front of this action. It would appear that India is still deeply for fear of China's strength, so China had carefully to test the true attitude.
In the previous phase, the establishment of bilateral strategic mutual trust in order to also enable India to China resulted in a small strategic miscalculation. However, this strategy produces false positives since the beginning of a domino Piansi generally had a chain reaction. India continue to strengthen their own sounding, China-related issues in the increasingly reactionary, and finally embarked on the touch or the direction of Pakistan the status of the road. Far beyond the territory of the nature of the issue to the saliva account. In fact, the direction of the current situation in Pakistan is China's attitude to deal with territorial disputes advantage of important strategic capital.
Too late, too late. Today, India has not change the status quo is ultimately fatal stroke, the Chinese also have the opportunity to make things back to normal track. On the one hand, it is necessary to support Pakistan, on the other hand, beat India is also necessary. Even the issue of China to show in Mumbai very different position with the United States.
Let India know that the cost of investment in China as the trust is limited, predictable, and absolutely will not include the status of the direction of Pakistan. While only the strength and skills to respond in order for India to realize that he can not change the direction of the current situation in Pakistan, even if such efforts he supported in the United States.
Theoretically, we can certainly stand ready to respond to escalation of the crisis. But saying that only a thousand days Thousand Days Fangzei not thieves. China can not always deal with a high degree of focus on the direction of Pakistan. Thus, the real crisis is still to kill in the bud stage, forcing India to return to the path of mutual trust. Pressure will make India realize that the suppression of the status quo, there is no mutual trust between China and India, the pace of India in South Asia and the Indian Ocean is difficult to get out of this area.
It concerns China's core interests, 是可忍孰不可忍. Collaboration with a firm attitude to change the security of India Pakistan border situation to dispel any attempt, which is developing China and India had to take the road of mutual trust. As the volatility of short-term or even declined, in the long run is acceptable must be accepted. The arrival of the first step of mutual trust, nothing is to make India accept his absolute disadvantage in the strategic, pro-China and Pakistan to accept the long-term objective.
If India still can not accept the status quo, then he would not meet the game between the major powers. Deal with such an immature state, I am afraid to battle until the further escalation of the conflict, are helpless in the last resort option. When appropriate, should really show what the power of China-Pakistan friendship.

U.S. nuclear missiles hidden out of control, early predictions of General Qiao Liang

U.S. nuclear missiles hidden out of control, has long been predicted, General Qiao Liang
2010 10/29
Warren Air Force Base, U.S. nuclear missiles on Saturday suddenly the computer system failure, fifty intercontinental nuclear missiles and launch control center lost contact for 45 minutes, which were the worst in the history of U.S. nuclear weapons accidents, the majority of Chinese and foreign media reports focus on the United Statesnuclear attack greatly affected. In fact, real concern is about the computer attack by hackers, so that an accidental launch of nuclear missiles.
U.S. military admitted that day of the incident, one responsible for managing the computer at least five nuclear missiles suddenly appeared on the program to send confusing signals, engineers quickly repaired, but more missiles error set, then was forced to close one of five computer, and fifty militia 3 intercontinental nuclear missiles suddenly lost contact with the control center, is still unknown cause of the accident.
U.S. total of four hundred and fifty militia with nuclear missiles, not to mention being one as a failure, even if all land-based
Death fire nuclear missiles, the U.S. strategic nuclear bombers, nuclear submarines and also where. U.S. has 14 Ohio-class nuclear submarines, each ship is equipped with 24 Trident submarine-launched ballistic missiles with a range of far more than 11,000 km; a missile has eight sub-15 million tons TNT equivalent missile head; circular deviation of 90 estimates meters. Design of Cold War thinking is; as long as an Ohio-class nuclear attack submarine force will be able to destroy the former Soviet Union's strategic objectives.
U.S. "triple play" nuclear strike force includes 93 B-52H and 20 B-2 strategic bomber, its combat radius (air refueling) covering the global, 8-16 nuclear missiles to carry nuclear bombs, or guided, at any time to maintain air patrol duty.
According to the latest US-Russian nuclear disarmament agreements, serving thousands of nuclear warheads to be reduced to 1550, which they say have sufficient deterrent to all potential enemies.
China, Qiao Liang, General military scientists created 10 years ago predicted the war novel "End of the gate", describing the terrorist organization's control of the nuclear missile system, kidnapping of all mankind "or probability"; terrible than the U.S. nuclear weapons accidents much more.

Not credible to say the boat hit.

Submarine-launched missile in order to avoid smashing the boat, are launching ramp outside, even if the drop down, in accordance with the parabolic trajectory, impact point also left some distance from the boat. Moreover, live pre-launch models without power catapult the shells do not know how many times has happened boat hit something.

Also, according to this article said, more than ten tons of potential ground missile can play 8000km, JL-2 is really artifact ah

Always like to engage in Taiwan's media through, this is not 20 years ago when waves 1 Test Well that accident.

Early models of the Chinese ground-launched test vehicle fall smashed the launch, several attendant sacrifices. To the West to become the underwater launch of the failure, fell smashed the submarine.

Indeed the eighties with the JL-1 (or DF-21) cold launch failure, car crash accident, the source remember.

Summarized above news:

1. U.S. and Japanese intelligence community to detect and open to the public of the waves-II test-fired four times, respectively, in 2003, Dian Dian 2004, 2005 and 2008, the attention of military news as long as there still remember.

2.2005 of that from Japan's Defense Agency released a report written before the underwater test, but there is news that the water test, this is the only successful, falling bombs in the Taklimakan Desert.

3. Therefore, the press emphasized that "the underwater waves-II test-fired several times over the years all failed."

4. The news called "ignition failure hit back," seems to not publicly acknowledge that U.S. and Japan four times, but rather a party to disclose the information. Point in time according to the China Times, in late 2009. May be no more than three: 1. True 2. False 3. Have occurred, but the time was transplanted.

5. The only certainty is that the underwater waves II launch suffered a major setback, still stable. 094 in 2008, not on the picture also shows the missile.

Senior officials, R & D in China II submarine-launched ballistic missiles waves a few months ago for undisclosed tests, the results can not fire another missile after the water fell into the sea, and the impact of missile tests as a modified Golf platform (Golf) class ballistic missile submarine, the hull is badly damaged nearly sank after she reluctantly drove back home port into the factory overhaul, China successfully tested underwater waves there is no record of the second type, when served in sight.

China plans to cut nuclear missiles ○ ninety-four type of waves II submarines equipped with missiles, while waves II missiles, "ship missile match" R & D blocked, sources said, the third ship in early-type submarines ○ ninety-four project is still under water from Huludao base, the ongoing sea trials. China now has an old-fashioned type Summer ○ ninety-two class missile submarine missile submarine (with waves of a type) service, a new type of submarines with ship ○ ninety-four no bombs, than China's nuclear deterrence capability to its advocacy much weaker.

One type is the first waves of a submarine-launched ballistic missiles with a range of nearly two thousand kilometers, although equipped with nuclear warheads, but the range is too short ○ ninety-two ships with coastal activities in China do not have the actual deterrent effect; waves II Dongfeng Sayi type submarine-launched missile version, upgrade to eight thousand kilometers range, much higher than the waves of technology needs a type.

JL II R & D more than ten years, the United States and Japan publicly confirmed the test only four were in the Second ○ ○ 三年 Dian Dian 二 ○ ○ 四年 二 ○ ○ ○ ○ 五年 with two eight underwater tests have failed.

Officials explained, is very difficult underwater missile launch, limited water can not ignite the engine, the missile must rely on high pressure gas drive to ejected from the ship is flying out of the water until, when the bomb before the end of the nozzle out of the water off the ignition. Most importantly, the missile flew from the submarine to the surface of the water when the ship is to maintain a certain attitude angle range, after the ignition is not flying.

Golf in China a few years ago gave its submarine surfaced, successfully test-fired off a huge wave II, point of impact in the Taklimakan Desert. But then to have no successful underwater test, the most recent test result in serious consequences for the Yellow Sea, when the missile in the high pressure gas after driven out of the water, which should not respond to an engine ignition, the whole ten tons of gold free fall missiles fell into the sea, hit on the submarine is still underwater, resulting ship is damaged.

Generally speaking, Golf-class submarine is the main platform for underwater missile tests, the damage to the development of Type II waves is a big blow.

Detection according to the U.S. and Japan, the PLA test-fired four waves of underwater-II have failed to show the technology is facing a bottleneck, if you can not successfully break through, the new submarines will maintain 094 ships are currently no bombs dilemma of the process of continental nuclear deterrent can be a big Jin injury.

Chinese Navy had a surprisingly large plan

Chinese Navy does have a surprisingly large projects. The plan from about 85 onwards, has been gradually developed. As chief of the General Zhang Aiping was the main force to create this great plan. And with the "heads" at a fight in a quarrel.
The essence of this program content, including the construction of two full load displacement of 80,000 tons-class aircraft carrier. 2 60,000 tons of medium-class aircraft carrier. The cross configuration were deployed for 2 fleet. Attempt to control the East China Sea, South China Sea. Then out of the blue water. In addition the project also built about 40 large destroyer program. Frigate project and "advanced diesel submarine" project. However, all plans to eventually ran aground in 1996.
Why?
Chinese Navy in 1994, according to the original plans to build a two accordance with the "Sheffield" model construction "frigate" setting to "052." But when completed in 1995-1996, found that 4,800 tons full load, equipped with swing before and after the bursts of 8, Block 2, Unai this "advanced destroyers" in the international development of the Navy under the circumstances, have been nearly equivalent to similar levels in Europe "frigate. "
Built in the first two, the Chinese military was to be "no money" outside the public that the suspension of the construction plans. If this 052 as originally planned construction of destroyers at least 17-20 all Navy ships to meet the replacement was "the water when the family" - 051 Luda class.
How to do a gap? Had to learn it!
In 1996, China will launch two minutes into the program, one submarine improvements.The program as a "fraud on the United States has a" role. For a very hot frying. China in 1996 and subsequently designed a one kind of "Song-class" submarines deployed to create a 4-8 Northeast Sea Fleet ships. But this command F "2 Step" of the Song-class.The actual effect is difficult to be satisfactory. Subsequently provided with reference to Pakistan, "Agnes Vista" combined with his older R-class. Song was created level."Flying submarine fast" is inherited from the Mao era coastal defense policy, so China was that "as long as this does not fall," then the Americans should not be very suspicious. Successful sea trials in 1997. Since then, China's average annual rate of about 4-6 to begin building ships, the submarine began in 2004 to make further improvements. By 2008, improvements have been manufactured for about 50 Song-class submarines. According to Navy statistics. From 2002 to the ongoing U.S. carriers followed the Song-class events, as of the end of 2008 from a total of about 12.
Not long ago the U.S. Navy Pacific Fleet Commander Moses Lackey quite in Hong Kong said: "The PLA has already has 200 diesel-powered submarines, at least 56 in the deployment and ongoing activities, but it has not arrived yet so I can not sleep when . " From here we can see that Americans really fixed on the glasses, a piece of "fat."
Repairing the path along the cliff line, and then the darkness of the unknown path that?
052 is China's new naval frigate "experimental body." His total is divided into "052, A, B, C" 4 different models. Each model has its own existence. 052 Basic. It is a large naval surface ships first breakthrough of the modern 3,000-ton destroyer. The actual beginning of 4800-ton destroyer is a big place. Basic assumptions if the 052 is not successful, then the following may reduce the manufacturing standards. Such as the manufacture of full 4100-4500 tons.
052A is the larger version of 052 base-type, weapons system is not fundamentally a huge difference, it seems very normal changes. But actually it contains a great mystery.052A full load up to about 6800 tons (all figures vary). Basic than 052 increased by nearly 2,000 tons full load. And its success is only a building. And to the South China Sea Fleet, appears to be "weak to make up for what the South China Sea Fleet," Actually, it is the second time the Chinese Navy frigate, a step forward. Really taken this step is not small, the gap of 2000 tons. If you do not practice, then, but with several military "voice" of the war of words, how can we determine the gap between the span of 2,000 tons can be achieved? However, the tonnage must be a simple forward. No intention to create more. With just 167 something the South China Sea Fleet. Make up for what is acceptable, right?
052B which is the Chinese version of "Modern-class" guided missile destroyers. The load displacement of about 6800 tons (international fashion statement is based on the 052B in the 052A out of the hull). Instead, the Chinese navy is actually making his own move away going back. How to explain? "Modern-class" air defense missile system is the 052C is the first Aegis guided missile destroyers. It's loaded with the maximum vary.China has said that 7,500 tons. 7000-ton international fashion statement. The ship is using its stealth-based structural design. (China has said or the basis of the improved 052B). Even if the claim in accordance with international and 7,000 tons. Then compare the original 052 base type, this value has exceeded the tonnage of nearly 3,000 tons of.From the technical name, the early bursts of 052 Basic 8 swing hanging hair, after already losing the battle when the ship was built. Other combat systems integration capabilities and is far better than 052C. However, the interval between the two for about 5-6 years. The latter is to break China's "blank." VLS Vertical Launch System also is making large-scale PLA Navy into the 21st century validation. Even better than MK41 advanced, multi-purpose. But you can not do without the other "side" of defense. The 054 provides 32 frigate sent rectangle hanging hair. The future is a new direction.Eventually also be used in destroyers. Contrast U.S. 96? 48 Indeed, not much. But still the "first solve the" problem.


China has always emphasized doing things, first, and backward. Which is to be there!Making further improvements. Therefore, even if according to some domestic "military meter master" said, "Chinese Aegis" "still very rubbish", but will it have, out. Write to the Pacific you're mouth, or have. Japanese navy built around 1993-1994, the first generation of Diamond class Aegis destroyers. China has about 6-7 years behind him.But China is to rely on their own what to do engage. The Japanese? Its hull is a US-made "Burke-class," a replica of the U.S. Aegis system is "imported." Speed can be assembled with your own research and development in the same category type it? .
052C last about 05 sea trial. 052C this shape, then it marks the what? You have to savor this. Power Systems: Basic 052 American L2500 installed power system, s nice nice, good good MA's bubbling. But people do not sell no matter how good you are no good, right? It uses the steam turbine 167 is a tried, the results certainly do not increase effectiveness. Otherwise, if the post no. 052B, 168, 169 engine using the Ukrainian-AM50. 052C also uses this engine. So then how are using it you? 2007 British "Financial Times" revealed a story to tell your thoroughly to expose. As China's overseas total of 07 purchased in about 17 major "company" large-scale equity.Including Ukraine. There are Israel's "cruise." This appears to be not in the United States illegal. 07 "flat X husband" sued the U.S. Department of Defense, "the development of weapons monitoring" organizations, but for "regular business plan," the U.S. military is the right to interfere in the business and not the United States itself. So get the 052C is the first "large ship-based engine preliminary plan." The next step is developed.
Aegis system. Chinese-made ship-borne Aegis system is a passive Aegis system.(U.S. Navy is moving towards the future development of this area, which seems to exceed the number of 'military-meter site master' forecast). Although this comparison Aegis 6,7 on behalf of the United States still has some gaps. Such as the role of up to 450 from the U.S., China is only 340-380. But have to say that an availability problem.As long as there remains as long as the snacks and consequently easy to handle. Some say this is a replica of the Ukraine, was said to be modeled in Russia. But the ship is self-developed public sector. (Perhaps leading home with the kids who said, hey we are counterfeit).
To 052C until the development of today's popular world of the Navy technical model, the Chinese learned the basic entry level. (High-end do not dare to say.) Reached the same basic standards of international navy. This is a big naval program had the practical.Record set from 1985 to today about the project took about 24 years. But the confused technology from the Chinese Navy surface ships suddenly increased in 1950 times the level of the 21st century. Increased almost 50 years. 24:50. How many still have some money to make.
If in accordance with the so-called "052E" legend. Logically, it should then continue to develop China's two new 052D. (Online has also has this statement). But after 2005 the construction of China's new 11X level is 2. In accordance with the number but 4 have problems, 112,113,115,116. Then it is basically an extension. It can be seen very clearly that they are different with a quantitative level development planning.
051C main significance level, which is the latest in 2000 the U.S. Navy's "Fleet theater defense program," a idea. SC21 U.S. Navy plan is also the beginning of the program early. U.S. Navy began building this "arsenal ship." However, the missile is not much. If you've seen that a large Russian cruiser, you will wonder who is the first game of "missile arsenal," the. "Kirov" class has more than 500 pieces of various types of missiles. 051C is also the fleet-class guided missile destroyer theater defense systems.
2007 President Hu said: "We are maritime power."
This sentence is not joking. The results of the previous 24 years to no. So he would not say that. As for the plane? Boats do not say? How much is too simple manufacturing 022 I know I am afraid no less than. So the overall fraud strategy or effective. Coupled with a Taiwan independence. China's Second Artillery Corps has made a sudden out of the "development of nuclear weapons limitation treaty" binding.
But the carrier also plans to delay combination of multiple causes. Financial problems, there are technical problems. However, the carrier is out, the Chinese how to deal with the United States Navy aircraft carrier fleet in Asia? U.S. Navy aircraft carrier is to maintain system of life, is the biggest advantage, but the contrary is the greatest weakness. To maintain a real U.S. Navy aircraft carrier fleet, prepared according to the U.S. fleet, then all the team needs at least 50-60 boats of surface warships. With underwater submarines. Aircraft carrier at sea is a general, can be used to levy war, but it can not "bayonet." Must be well protected. Otherwise, it took thousands of lives, but a joke. Americans are definitely not such a stupid stupid.

Navy aircraft carrier against China at this stage generally several ways.
 
The first is that the submarine had laid an ambush. China has played the program not the first time. The last one is 08, Song-class stage in ambush suddenly appeared close in the U.S. aircraft carrier state. So This is configured with CY-1A, Homing Song-class multi-tool is really fire. I am afraid, "Kitty Hawk" killed or wounded. But this is only a test.Skill and thought nothing more. But this approach exposes the U.S. Navy for the development of the Chinese navy is insufficient degree of concern, but also display a "Jiaobingbibai" strategic posture. There is a Kilo-class elusive. Making Americans feel more headaches so unjust to Congress in 2008 forced the U.S. Navy "open active sonar."
The second is that the missile was. DF21 series of missiles with the exception of the nuclear warheads based on the DF21 configuration, the other two models are not nuclear warheads each. One is the letter warhead. Scattered points is relatively large, single attack is relatively small. Not suitable for attack aircraft carrier. But another kind of technology evolution by DF25 "split" guidance system. Are a bit like "Harpoon" anti-submarine missiles. The boost phase using inertial navigation. Separation after the separation of the body using optical guidance. Precision can reach 20 meters. DF25 experiments show that the maximum up to 10 meters CEP. This distance if multiple, can be used as the basic means of attacking large targets. DF21C is deployed mobile launchers. Played also on the "Pig Run." Approximately equivalent to 2,500 kilometers have to 1000-1200 nautical miles. After the zone is probably the "aircraft carrier closed."
The third method, strategies to combat the destruction. This said, to be sure God. The DF25 as an example, because of Iran's involvement in it before it dismount. But the 01 Chinese general public in Hong Kong said it had. 07 trains equipped with launch systems. It can seat "train" went to the predetermined location, firing with three stars 25 million tons each level of light-guided nuclear warheads. CEP accuracy of less than 10 meters. Over the "Minuteman III". It can destroy parked aircraft carrier base. Can destroy the entire fleet of large aircraft carrier fleet.
The fourth means: old B6, also made "Spring"
Russia revealed that, 02 years after the Chinese bought a Russian AS15 "Kent" air-launched cruise. In this connection himself come up with a DH10. Ukraine was anxious that his AS15 is given. China has not accepted this argument, tentatively heard. AS15 can either carry a nuclear bomb, you can also use ordinary charge. China bought from abroad about 18 AS-15, a range of about 3,000 km. This missile is a triple Guidance: Inertial + Terrain + GPS. Reported that China's own current total of about 50-200 pieces of equipment. Fairly good accuracy of these missiles can reach 50-150 meters.Obviously not as good as domestic evaluation BGM109. AS15ES is installed an upgraded version of GPS. China is buying this model. He can carry 200 tons of small nuclear bombs. Can carry 400 kg warhead. A B6K can carry 2-4 missiles, for the D80 engine can fly about 2,000 after the radius. Guo Degang groups with words, said: "It's a bit mean." The missile can also be ground-launched in Taiwan, said the maximum 1800 km.
So how to take the next Navy? 052 so-called "large-scale nuclear power" cruiser program, at least to 10000-12000 tons full load. But you know today is only 8000-8400 tons fully loaded 051C maximum. And non-nuclear power. And you will find described above. Take the road of pragmatic development of the Chinese navy, not things like the "Great Leap Forward," like a fast pro-American. So have a bite to eat bread. The next largest is between 8500-9000 tons. Maximum will be close to 10,000 tons. As for nuclear power? The first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to say it.
The plan in accordance with the Navy, 2015 Navy to be built at least nine of the "theater missile destroyer." Type 052C at least four Aegis-class missile destroyers. Technology also has been increasing. Now the outside world that two medium-sized 5. 5-6. 50 000 aircraft have been laid. So assuming 010 years out. People's Liberation Army Navy to do next is still very tense. There are at least as much as 26 to continue construction of the "Jiang Kai" class frigate is 054A. Money to replace those old "Wild, Jiang Wei."Another carrier must have a plane with you? Have to create a large number of aircraft.Training carrier pilots. These tasks must be completed within 10 years. Had to leave at least 5 years practical training at sea. The so-called "Big Navy" program can really achieve. Now is a critical moment in the not tolerate any "virtual first Pakistani Brain" mischief.

Nuclear program is a good thing. It was also mentioned. But now the established policy of not the point. Or do first Naju Hua "has" re-development plans. The construction of the Navy is not looking at you funny. Up a front, now is not suitable for pomp PLA Navy. Now we dream of from the successful implementation of the Navy, only one step. For this step we have been waiting nearly 30 years. For this step we sacrificed almost all of the early military programs. Makes the Army, Air Force has a quality almost backwards. For this step we are willing to delay the development of national strategic nuclear forces.One to 10 years. Why the huge price? How can because several "good-looking, fun" to give up halfway?
 
As for the South China Sea, it is now so much noise. Nothing to say. People have seen through your mind. Cover has been empty now pay. Two roads, one or "tolerance." In the forbearance of 10 years. Do the East China Sea, South China Sea has not had. 10 years late to get mad. Another way is to pull a posture, put a POSS. Frighten children.This is not to spend too much money. Will not cause too much trouble. (But scare, there are ways Yeah, like that sent several fighters now empty-handed in the past. Might as well stay at home do not go there.)
For really there to "fight", we will have a look. To really fight! Is the "old lady eating persimmons - specifically looking for soft pinch." The good fight. That little influence, that will not hinder the planned program. Give the knock. Finding fault, will not it? South China Sea, China's foreign naval vessels bullied more thing after another. How lessons learned in Vietnam that year Sha, will do the same pirated one. A cup of tea to sit down and look at the Americans reflect the face of economic crisis, you're glad you? Or willing to you? Or willing to you?
As to Japan, saying: well-intentioned as hepatopulmonary ass. Nothing to use. Do not painstakingly built the mainstream that the "draw in Japan." He is a bitch, do not take the name of pulling back. This Is not he pick you? He picked up a thing in front of the Americans in order to embody him. 30 years, he has determined to marry the American.You're still here, "his wife so stupid man," that is, why bother? This does not become a Third Party it? Haha
Or dead heart. Nothing to use. Some of the Japanese changed the strategy. Blindly meet, the yield thus encourage its arrogance. Who does he think he is? Take us as a punching bag? Kidding? Therefore, China should help in this crisis, the South China Sea, according to their own plan from the new shuffle. Just put down the South China Sea dispute. In turn, will beating up on Japan. He is the culprit. He is a moldy rotten "rotten teeth." He was not trouble you! ? Okay. He thought he was all right.
Putting aside what "nuclear peace" who. China to publicly claim to support the sovereignty of Dokdo in South Korea has, right? China can continue to claim that "Russia has sovereignty over the four northern islands", right? How is not it? This also dead it? Japan said earlier that the issue dragged on for 30 years. The time to resolve.Is not resolved he will always come out with you cause trouble. You can not call your peace of mind to go big naval strategy. How to play the 30-year diplomatic means, to the 21st century, but began to dull it? Will not play?
So how to drill the death of a tendon horns? Not to say that All roads lead to Rome?Way to go really will be dead for it? But do not be Pipao below what "small" did not come out right?

Air Force Base has now UFO, hide and seek with our fighter air

 The fall of 1998, China suddenly appear over the number of Air Force Base UFO. As the situation got off the green signal flare, a J-6 aircraft afterburner immediately trailing cone flying into the night sky with flames roaring, Liu Ming, deputy head of the flight the pilot and flight commander Hu Shaoheng. Soon they found a flier: round profile, curved top. The two pilots of the fighter suddenly augmented in order to occupy the height advantage, the aircraft jumped inverted, and referrals to whether to shoot down ... ...
The end of September 1998, accompanied by several reporters to the Badan Jaran Desert Academy of the Air Force test site a visit.

October 5, a reporter at the airport interview. 8 pm or so, reporters rushed to the runway, the research and testing has begun, a fighter aircraft is taxiing on the runway. A bright moon, Olga Bay pale pinkish purple color landing lights, lights flashing at the active figure ... ... lays out a moving picture.

In the shadows flickering on the runway, Zhao Xu generals spoke to reporters he and many colleagues on the runway a common experience witnessed UFO (unidentified flying object) events. Zhao Xu I graduated from Beijing Institute of Aeronautics, is a famous expert unmanned aircraft, the Air Force Major General professional and technical, and other witnesses have similar qualifications and technical expertise, they personally witnessed this should be solid and reliable.

Two months ago, the evening of August 6, the same night as the Mid-Autumn Festival, leading scientific research and experiments. The plane ready to take off from the runway south to north, at this moment, suddenly the first one on the north from the runway about two huge fireball fall from the sky. "At that time people feel the presence of the two groups over the fire will burn, and have subconsciously avoid." Zhao Xu stay calm and immediately call the person up off the platform tower shooting. When the camera man stumbled down, and the two fireball into the sky. The two big fireball Jidao beam of radiation from the inside out, no sound, came and went without a trace.

1999, Spring Festival, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, introduced to several media about the origin of bony fish, a new discovery, after the dinosaur expert Zhao Xi Jin told me about a few years ago the dinosaurs in the Gobi Desert in Xinjiang fossil study, he and his dinosaur experts, have personally witnessed a UFO event together. When he was coming out from the tent, a distance looked up and saw a huge cliff at the top of a bright object is moving, the flame lit up the half the sky.

He stared, for a moment before responding mind the "UFO" concept. He turned around and brought the gun from the tent, also cried out for others to watch. At this time the Board put aside the tent witnessed a rare scene. I asked Zhao Xi Jin, you shoot it? He replied, no. He ruled out the possibility of any known flying objects, because they "did not so much energy."

Many sightings have supported this view, the Gobi desert is prone areas UFO events, one as sparsely populated, and second, because the visibility is good. So, are there any other reasons?

>>> Cangzhou Air Force Airport
Air UFO hide and seek with the FT-6

Returned to Beijing from Badan Jaran Desert, the press attention around the world to collect a bit on that UFO's materials, which are the before and after August 1998.

At 11:00 on October 19th, 1998 or so, Cangzhou, Hebei Air Force found a UFO over the airport. At that time the radar report: an entity of air moving over at the airport, is rapidly to the northeast direction. At the same time, the airport ground staff found a bright spot in the skies above his head, began like the stars, one red and one white, two stars in the spinning. Flying objects may be due to reduced height, bigger profile looks like a short stalk of the mushroom, the lower part seem to have a lot of light, of which a large, has been irradiated to the ground.

Air traffic control authorities quickly confirmed that there is no civil aircraft through the airport over the Air Force another night training has been a half hour ago. "It may be alien aircraft" combat troops immediately into the first class.

23:30, radar, flying objects have been reported, and hover over to the Qing County, Hebei, where a high degree of 1,500 meters.

As the situation got off the green flares, an FT-6 aircraft afterburner roaring flames trailing cone flying into the night sky, Liu Ming, deputy head of the flight the pilot and flight commander Hu Shaoheng. They reach the goal of driving the location of the aircraft, according to ground command position, height, and soon found a flier: round profile, curved top, flat bottom, the bottom rows and rows of lights, beam down, the edge of ared light, the whole shaped like a huge straw hat!

Night near the command command pilot flying objects. Flying objects at a distance of about 4,000 meters, it suddenly increased. Pilot flying immediately climb, rising 3,000 meters when the aircraft when the aircraft came to the flying objects are just above. This shows the aircraft flying objects overhead rise faster than the plane. Paralysis of the pilot decided to look at the flying objects, change the direction of flight dropped altitude, and flying objects apart. Interestingly, the flying objects actually seemed very intelligent comes along. Two fighter pilots suddenly seize the afterburner in order to occupy the height advantage, the aircraft jumped inverted, the aircraft to level flight when they found that flying objects have been higher than their 2000 meters. Continue to pursue the pilot to fly a plane flying objects, flying objects, deputy head of the ring set into the sight, opened the trigger insurance, and referrals to whether to shoot down. Commander asked them not to worry, first see what it is.

Although the aircraft has increased the throttle, or not close to an aircraft, the aircraft up to 12,000 meters, the UFO has an altitude of 20,000 meters. An alarm signal when the aircraft fuel, catching down the fuel running out. Stock of the situation was returning ground command command aircraft, ground radar to track and monitor. When ready to launch two new fighters to capture the flying objects, it has disappeared from the radar screen.

>> "" Is the cup like cover "

Several pilots approaching UFO

This is the UFO incident in 1998 has suffered the more typical and credible one.According to local statistics from related departments, the UFO that night witnessed a mass of about 160 thousand.

Early March 1999, full of exotic tropical palm trees, has conducted the military aircraft commander to track UFO's Lee was talking about a detail, give me impressed: two with superb flying skills of pilots UFOs are several approximation found in the lower part of this dish is a round green light UFO sightings, including a red light, it's just below the beam down two out of irradiation. Surprisingly, this two bright beam of light is not as we normally see the light beam, as has been according to the distance and spread, but as two light-emitting entities, sticking out from the bottom after the UFO will end on a certain length. At least today, so have not got control of the human light technology.

I asked Lee commander, what is the shape UFO, he reached picked the cup on the coffee table cover, "is like that."

British intelligence experts: China's military secret exposed tip of the iceberg of sophisticated weapons

 詹尼特奎恩 (British intelligence experts in Asia): China's military has been gradually unveiled sophisticated weapons hidden!
This secret technology, and include those currently known to us. And so we have been more subtle speculation and mystery of the technology. This includes the development of China from the objects from the ground shield can be mounted laser system. Again in 2005 -2006, the U.S. Department of Defense, the Air Force Strategic Development Information Centre. NASA department. Repeatedly found and confirmed that the implementation of China's then ground-side satellite into orbit for the U.S. laser irradiation.
The sustained development of this laser is a high-power laser weapons destruction.Can lead to the moment he destroyed the satellite. Can easily be puncture some of the strategic missile seeker guidance and then split the front end, was high, according to the fire. The total loss of the middle makes the missile division points lead.
2005 China introduced the one made in China, 96 armored vehicles, large-scale experimental installation of a ground vehicle laser blinding weapons. It is used to blind from any visible and non visible light irradiation.
Can be instantly destroyed, such as "Night Vision" and "laser driving speed", "Optical Detection" and many other goals. At present, presumably his actual combat distance can reach 1-2 km. Just below the mid-80s the United States and then completed the "scalpel" system 40 meters. The high angle shot with the United States is almost flat.
Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier. This is almost completely predictable. China has proposed the construction of the first aircraft carrier is 46000-52000 tons full load displacement of conventional powered carrier. But this is not China's ultimate goal.
The conventionally powered carrier deployment of sustainability needs to consume much energy. The energy is precisely the focus of contention between China and the United States the problem. Since 1993, China had become a Shiyou Jing importing countries. Therefore, the deployment was to the aircraft carrier fleet, the required huge oil reserves. For the current tensions in China's energy problems, they is no way to resolve as quickly as possible.
Therefore, they built nuclear-powered aircraft carrier demand is certain and inevitable.The first number may be only 1-2 aircraft carrier construction. Coupled with early retirement has been purchased from Russia, the "Wagga good" training for a total of three carriers. And even the future to resolve the Taiwan conflict, China needs to be far less than the number of aircraft carriers and more. Therefore, we can suggest that they built nuclear-powered aircraft carrier is very possible.
In addition, the Chinese nuclear-powered submarines built 093/094. Obtained from the Chinese; gained experience in the construction of new nuclear power reactors. At present, the 095A-type test is a secret it has been fully changed. He was taken to refer to the current form of Russia, to nuclear-powered attack cruise + integrated combat submarines. Currently one should have been completed.
F22 tactical unmanned stealth fighter combat air forces. This is the last reference to U.S. troops fighting in Iraq again, using a variety of China is considered the current form."Dark Sword" is just one aspect of exposure.
The "dark sword" role is in line with China's fourth-generation stealth fighter. Use. Early re-fighter before he will attack. In order to expose their adversaries. The Chinese F-14 fighter, is designed in stealth supersonic, ultra-mobile. BVR attack. Therefore, F22 may be any one of the two left the shot down.
Sea-, land-based long-range cruise missiles. C602 China and then the actual maximum range of the experiment, if not MR constraints, he can be over 500 km without repeaters guidance. G with Tomahawk missiles is located very. At present, China's secret experiments HN3, its range of over 1,500 kilometers. Because of its extended range, but lack of capacity HN4. Has led to two failures.
But you can cruise 1,500 kilometers have been automatically hit most parts of Taiwan.The Chinese do this without using the included DF21, including any strategic weapons.And this attachment of nuclear warheads of cruise missiles can also be used. Each costing up to 3 warheads maximum equivalent kiloton. This is the achievements of small nuclear bombs. China can take as much as possible to avoid using the DF21 and destruction of mass destruction, kind of strategic missiles.

Ten ships near the Diaoyu Islands in China gathered in the end

Information disclosed by Japanese Prime Minister's official residence, said on 26 June, the Chinese marine survey ship with 10 in the Senkaku Islands (Chinese name "Diaoyu Islands") and the East China Sea gas fields near the assembly area, it seems to the Japanese declaration of sovereignty. Currently, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force aircraft and warships to guard the fleet is being monitored in China.

Japanese government officials said that by yesterday, the Coast Guard has confirmed that the 10 Chinese marine survey vessels in the Japan Sea side of the middle line of the East China Sea gas field assembly. These investigations did not enter the ship to Japan's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) waters, but also build so many Chinese marine survey ship, had never had to do.

In addition, the Japanese chief cabinet secretary, Paradise Valley yesterday afternoon by a reporter in the meeting said that from 24, China "fishery 201" and "fishery 203" was approaching the Senkaku Islands fishery ship 24 kilometers offshore, Japan Coast Guard patrol vessels out of the seven were alert, and through diplomatic channels, to the Chinese government lodged a protest.

At present, the Japanese government mobilized in the Kyushu region and Okinawa Coast Guard 7, 8, 9, 11 Coast Guard patrol ships to all Part Senkaku Islands and Japan Sea along the median line and monitor the implementation of alert. Meanwhile, the Maritime Self-Defense Force also sent a large number of warships and warning aircraft and the Chinese marine fishery research vessel to monitor ship fleet.
Since yesterday evening, the Japan Coast Guard patrol boats has greatly increased the number of 201,203 Chinese fishery call the basic means to one - the direction of your ship sailing Senkaku islands, is Japan's "territory", quickly changed course, not to enter Japanese waters, if you entered Japan's territorial waters, the Japanese patrol boats will take appropriate measures. Fishery board was aware of the Japanese patrol vessel changed his uniform, not that the Diaoyu Islands and was renamed the Japanese name for "Senkaku Islands", PL64 call this morning and when it comes to almost blurted out, "Diaoyu Islands", playing had a Keba quickly and be replaced by "Senkaku Islands."The timing of the call from the Japanese patrol to see that they obviously have a very accurate on board monitoring facilities, the Chinese ship's course as long as a fishery tend to the Diaoyu Islands, which will immediately yelling. If China continues to maintain this fishery ship heading, it will soon be blocking action, and follow the Chinese fishery patrol vessels outside of the ship, another ship fast transfer reinforcements collusion, deployment of the second, third interception array.
Yesterday evening, the sea had begun a fierce struggle. Cruise intersection opposite the Chinese fishery 201,203, after closely following the Japan Coast Guard patrol boat of 203 ships PL64 sudden continuous call, said the ship's course 203 around the Diaoyu Islands to enter the so-called "Japanese territorial waters", 203 immediately turned to coercion. 203 Miao captain ignored, to keep her course. PL64 anxious, stop immediately accelerate the change to the Xiecha. U-turn of 203 small boat turned around quickly give way to see the potential, around a small circle around to the back to continue to Diaoyu Islands to the PL64 the direction of navigation, well-trained PL64 quickly put the bow Niuguo Lai, about a 45 degree angle pointing to China fishery 203, whatever you put on a left to right to stop you approaching the Diaoyu Islands to posture.What a fishery 203, not left nor right, straight into PL64 away, to see quickly approached a left turn by his own dexterity at the man. Of course, the captain Miao know, after all, PL64 much faster, so far as to wait for it to sub-203 has a turn back to the outside of the PL64.
Here, a good while several Japanese patrol boats by the Chinese fishery saw PL64 continuous variable to do a 203 running around in circles, in which three immediately turn towards the 203 go through. Where can I get them to ship 201 have to deal with capacity of 203, siren sound Ming Xiao, Shi Dong ordered the captain to push the machine to the maximum of 9 files, navigation to the right tone, close to the Diaoyu Islands. The sudden speed change to the action, forcing the peer at the 201 Japanese patrol boats PL03 quickly accelerated to catch up, while squeezing the left and then pull out the first block 201. That while several Japanese ships to go to reinforce PL64 also prepare separate the two over 201. PL03 forced to close at the radio channel in angrily shouted: "China Fishery 201, I tell you, do not do dangerous navigation action! Not do anything dangerous to navigation action!" Shi Dong captain said: "do not Who cares! occupy China's Diaoyu Islands, let the Chinese ship in the past, the ship would also like to bully my brother, do whatever I can not help seeing? "
Two Chinese boat 201,203 fishery performance, absolutely deserve the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, fishery telegram command center "subject to the overall situation, obey orders, disciplined, courageous response" evaluation.

Hainan Sino-US plane collision and then exposed hidden secrets: the U.S. price for very heavy!

April 1, 2001, President Bush just took office, the U.S. Navy EP-3E electronic reconnaissance aircraft, over the South China Sea and China's naval air force F-8II fighter aircraft collided, the U.S. plane forced to land on Hainan Island, the outbreak of US-China relations the biggest crisis in recent years. U.S. forced the temporary destruction of computers, but China's machine-secret intelligence reconnaissance computer equipment, the use of "reverse engineering" to restore, read, hit the U.S. military, the loss so far difficult to assess.
United States has been late 2009, China was determined to reverse engineering of this caused the loss of military secrets, to take corresponding measures, innovative naval intelligence reconnaissance processing equipment. But too late, the United States only to find that the vulnerability of U.S. Internet system, the military immediately set up a network headquarters, heavy retina war (cyber warfare).
Scheduled Nov. 1 issue of "New Yorker" report, the United States presidential election of 2000, due to ballot disputes, can not decide who is the new president, Washington rudderless. At that time the U.S. has just decided to cut daily on the former Soviet military reconnaissance sorties, the military has not categorically end reconnaissance missions. Is to maintain the preparation of military power, China has become the new target, reconnaissance and military developments in China, flying sorties from the bi-weekly, increased to fly every day, in fact, just pure reconnaissance mission to meet.
Chinese pilot from December 2000 onwards, more and more aggressive action against U.S. reconnaissance plane. Although these cases reflect the Washington, but Washington was no one with authority to respond, resulting in catastrophic loss of the United States can not recover.

J 8-2 piloting fighter hero intercept U.S. surveillance plane
EP-3E before the emergency landing on Hainan Island, the crew should be destroyed in accordance with the provisions of the computer machines and other equipment.Requirements to use the fire ax crew, and even hot coffee and so on, the destruction of computer hardware and machine software. But then the crew in emergency situations failed to destroy, EP-3E machine fell Chinese hands, let the disposal.
EP-3E on the manipulation by the National Security Agency operating system, to monitor China's encryption radar, voice and electronic communications. Machine made in China after the EP-3E, the use of reverse engineering, copying machines on the computer, solve 3000-50000000 line password, computer programs, information is equal to the U.S. Navy to obtain top-secret decoding of the road map. China knows the U.S. China's secrets on how to detect, in turn, detected more U.S. secrets on U.S. military movements clearly.
China initially underestimated the U.S. Navy EP-3E made by reverse engineering, until the end of 2008, only to find that a tragic loss. Obama was elected president in a few weeks, usually found in the National Security Agency to monitor a series of Chinese Web sites, while a large number, including the U.S. Navy and other confidential details of the future direction, equal to showcase China to the United States the results of reverse engineering. Was judged that China's move is to give Obama the new government played rough.
Former CIA official said, when the U.S. Pacific Commander Keating, held series of meetings for this emergency, and Obama in early 2009 a new government report points out that if China had been operating on the EP-3E generic reverse engineering systemNavy all the computer systems must all be replaced. The results of the Navy to spend several hundred million dollars to complete the update.
 
Reported that surveillance in China to the United States and even held a secret meeting on Iran's content.
In 2008 Obama and Republican presidential candidate John McCain's campaign team, have been suspected Chinese hackers attack. Experts believe that China's Internet technology, enough to attack the United States civilian infrastructure and military installations.
But a former Clinton administration official said Chinese officials told him that China would not attack by hackers on Wall Street, "because Wall Street is basically us."
EP-3E electronic surveillance aircraft incident, the U.S. alert as soon as possible to face and deal with network security issues. This year in May, the U.S. officially launched the network command. Network Command Alexandria (Keith Alexander) will be that the U.S. military to re-network security operations. Obama will in the coming months, decisions should be driven by the U.S. military or civil network security, and network spyware, hackers, whether such action will be considered an act of war.


South China Sea after the collision, according to the two sides reach a solution Lingshui airport landing in Hainan EP-3 reconnaissance plane was disassembled into pieces shipped back to the United States.
 
U.S. military: China Bohai Ship suspected impact of very large aircraft carrier
Explosive situation in India and Pakistan: Chinese Air Force Commander met ready for battle
Chinese frigate was at the siege of China and India to the Philippines suddenly soft inside service
More aircraft carriers in China is nearing completion: the aircraft carrier came around the corner
French media: China's strong attack in possession of a very rare major mystery
West is shocked: the South China Sea confrontation revealed that China-US top-secret tactics!
Russia found too late: the accumulation of 5-year loan of China put pressure on Russia
Secret: Russian President prepared to send a large exposure of China's advanced weapons
Finally hands: the military actions of the large warships in the Spratly Islands beyond imagination
U.S. B2 bomber technology was forced to use debt in China
Indian media marvel: a little trick to China 10 million Indian overawed!
British media prediction: China will dig traps abusing the Diaoyu Islands to Japan!
British media: China's economic growth is really scary expensive!
Chinese soldiers from the South China Sea the world a public outcry of the Chinese Navy stationed in the Persian Gulf quietly
U.S. think tank: China is secretly developing an unmanned combat stealth F22
Credible information that the United States: the PLA to build six large aircraft carriers with the 5th generation fighter all!

Japanese Prime Minister concerned about China in the East China Sea, said "military activities"

Core Tip: Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan East Asia leaders in Hanoi during the meeting, including the Diaoyu Islands by China in the East China Sea and South China Sea in the so-called "military activities" expressed "concern." And its parade in the 24th of this month had said in his speech against China's growing military power, Japan should be prepared to deal with various events.

Data Figure: Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 31, according to Kyodo news agency reported that 30 Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan East Asia leaders in Hanoi during the meeting, including the Diaoyu Islands by China in the East China Sea and South China Sea in the so-called "military activities", said a "concern."


Had held the 24th of this month in his speech on Japan's military parade mentioned growing military strength of China is the case, saying "time is necessary to prepare to respond effectively to a variety of events." As early as Oct. 21, Japan's defense ministry has decided to Maritime Self-Defense Forces combat units the number of submarines increased from the current 16 to 22, and prepared to be included in this plan will be introduced in the new December issue of "Defense Program Outline. "

Earlier, Chinese Assistant Foreign Minister Hu Zhengyue 29 in Hanoi, said the Japanese side during the series of meetings in the East Asian leaders continue to spread through the media violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity of speech, then again the content of Chinese and Japanese foreign ministers spreading misinformation, destroyed the two leaders meeting in Hanoi, the atmosphere should be the same day, Chinese and Japanese leaders failed to hold a bilateral meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam. The resulting consequences of the Japanese side must bear full responsibility.

China urges the U.S. cautious on the issue of the Diaoyu Islands

Core Tip: 30, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi, the morning of the meeting of East Asian leaders met with U.S. Secretary of State Bill Clinton, Yang reiterated China's solemn position on the Diaoyu Islands issue, urged the United States in this highly sensitive issue cautious and respect the Chinese the sovereignty and territorial integrity.
China National Radio reported October 31, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi at 30 am local time series of meetings of East Asian leaders met with U.S. Secretary of State Bill Clinton, on bilateral relations and exchange views on issues of common concern.


Yang said that the joint efforts of both sides, Sino-US relations have maintained stable development momentum. President Hu Jintao will pay a state visit to the United States early next year. Next month, the two heads of state will also be the Group of 20 summit meeting in Seoul, we are willing to work with the U.S. to promote a positive, cooperative Sino-US relations continue to develop a comprehensive track for President Hu Jintao visited the United States to create a good atmosphere.

Clinton said the United States is willing to make joint efforts with China to promote bilateral high-level exchanges and cooperation in various fields, and jointly improve the two heads of state President Hu Jintao visited the United States and the Group of 20 summit meeting in Seoul for work.

Yang Jiechi reiterated China's solemn position on the Diaoyu Islands issue, urged the United States in this highly sensitive issue cautious and respect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity should not make any erroneous remarks.

Kan Wen Jiabao and the temporary 10-minute informal talks held
Core Tip: Japanese officials disclosed that 30 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and Japanese Prime Minister in Hanoi, Vietnam, Naoto Kan, held informal talks about ten minutes. Earlier, the two formal bilateral talks on the abolition of regret; they both agree to create opportunities at a later date for the talks.
Sichuan News Network - October 31 in Chengdu Evening News reported that Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council, 30 East Asia leaders end summit trip, around 3 pm local time, left for home, will travel to Shanghai to attend the Expo activities. Kyodo News Agency reported that the Japanese official said in Hanoi the same day Wen Jiabao and Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan, held informal talks about ten minutes.

Reported that the meeting be held at noon; the two of them had earlier canceled a formal bilateral talks with regret; they both agree to create opportunities at a later date for the talks.

Japanese media quoted Chinese officials said the talks were canceled the evening of 29 Japanese Foreign Minister to express dissatisfaction with Maehara. Reports also said that members of Congress have accused Japan's Naoto Kan cabinet diplomacy toward China is too amateur, Maehara should resign.

Earlier, Premier Wen Jiabao attended the 29th Japan and South Korea held in Hanoi, the leaders meeting with South Korean President Lee Myung-bak and Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan, Japan and Korea on cooperation and other issues of common interest to exchange views.

Mo Yang urged the United States to utter sensitive issues

Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi, 30 in East Asia leaders meeting, met with U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

Yang said that the joint efforts of both sides, Sino-US relations have maintained momentum of steady development, President Hu Jintao will visit the United States early next year, will also be two heads of state next month, the Group of 20 summit meeting in Seoul, we would like to United States to promote a positive, cooperative Sino-US relations continue to develop a comprehensive track for President Hu's visit to create a good atmosphere.

Clinton said the United States is willing to make joint efforts with China to promote bilateral high-level exchanges and cooperation in various fields, Hu visited the United States and the two together for the Group of 20 heads of state summit meeting in Seoul to prepare for work.

Yang Jiechi reiterated China's solemn position on the Diaoyu Islands issue, urged the U.S. cautious, in this highly sensitive issue and should not make any errors of speech, respect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Premier Wen Jiabao to attend the East Asian Summit

30, Premier Wen Jiabao attended the Fifth East Asian Summit held in Hanoi.


Premier Wen Jiabao said in his speech, the 5th anniversary of the establishment of the East Asia Summit to adhere to the "leaders to lead" strategic forum for positioning in the financial, energy, education, avian flu, the five key areas of disaster relief fruitful dialogue and cooperation, enhanced mutual understanding between the parties, promoting regional peace, stability and development.

Naoto Kan was "concerned"

China in the East China Sea so-called "military operations"

30 days, according to Kyodo News, Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan East Asia leaders in Hanoi during the meeting, including the Diaoyu Islands by China in the East China Sea and South China Sea in the so-called "military activities" expressed "concern." Naoto Kan, 24, held in Japan in his speech mentioned the parade on growing military strength of China is the case, saying "time is necessary to prepare to respond effectively to a variety of events."

Japan United States decided to promote pluralism of rare earth supply, get rid of dependence on China

Core Tip: October 27, Japanese Foreign Minister Maehara Hillary Clinton and U.S. Secretary of State in the United States Honolulu, Hawaii hotel were the talks. Because of China's rare earth production accounts for 9 percent of world production, to ensure diversification of sources of rare earth supply, Japan and the U.S. decided to work together.
China National Radio reported Oct. 31, according to Japan's "Yomiuri Shimbun" website reported that the Japan-US Foreign Minister to the diversification of the supply of rare earth agree.

October 27, Japanese Foreign Minister Maehara Hillary Clinton and U.S. Secretary of State in the United States Honolulu, Hawaii hotel were the talks. Because of China's rare earth production accounts for 9 percent of world production, to ensure diversification of sources of rare earth supply, Japan and the U.S. decided to work together.


In a press conference after the talks, Clinton on rare earth export control issues in China stressed that: "very obvious, too dependent on one supply source, then, if the unexpected disaster hit, then the supply will be interrupted. Should be in the world seek more sources of supply within. "Maehara said:" China's excessive reliance is inappropriate, Japan and the U.S. should join hands and strive to carry out a wide range of resource diplomacy. "

It is reported that the talks the two men about 2 hours, the U.S. President Barack Obama will visit to Japan, the two sides reaffirmed the importance of Japan-US alliance and accelerate the deepening alliance agreement. Whether to participate in around the same time Japanese Central Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP), will the former Foreign Secretary also explained that the former government and the Democratic Party of Japan to discuss the situation.

China Xiaolong fighter has a strong competitive advantage of Sri Lanka orders

Core Tip: Canada's "Chinese and Asian Defense" magazine recently quoted Sri Lanka Air Force sources as saying the Sri Lankan government is studying the possibility of purchasing Russian fighter. And China's JF-17 "Fierce Dragon" fighter is also alternative models.


Data for: Farnborough Airshow static display aircraft Xiaolong



, Data for: Russian MiG -29 more mature fighter

International Online October 31 News reported that according to Russian military reported on October 26, Canada, "Chinese and Asian Defense" magazine recently quoted Sri Lanka Air Force sources as saying the Sri Lankan government is studying the possibility of purchasing Russian fighter. And China's JF-17 "Fierce Dragon" fighter is also alternative models.

Reported that the Sri Lankan Government is prepared to purchase a number of new fighters, is currently under active consideration by both Sri Lankan Ministry of Defense procurement program will be in Russia's MiG -29 and China's JF-17 fighters to choose.Sri Lanka Air Force source said: "China has already provided us with JF-17 material, the Air Force also like to be on the Russian MiG -29 from the more detailed data." Sri Lanka Air Force is currently equipped with Chinese-made K- 8 trainer aircraft, the planned procurement of new fighter will be used to replace still serving in the domestic J-7M. Imitation as the MiG -21, this model has been significantly behind.


Some analysts pointed out that compared with the J -7 series aircraft, JF-17's performance is more advanced and have been equipped with Pakistan Air Force.Earlier this year, held at Pakistan Air Force high standard -2010 "military exercises, JF-17 have been wonderful performances. Pakistani air force pilots using missiles, bombs and other ammunition accurate hit the" enemy targets "to demonstrate the aircraft's combat effectiveness and performance impressive, access to the full house cheering. Not long ago, the Pakistan Air Force's two JF-17 fighter jets also participated in the British air show, this "role model" so that it has a strong competitive advantage . However, the MiG -29 underestimated the competitiveness of the same, the aircraft's technology is more mature.

Previously also reported that Russia has been actively competing in the arms market in Sri Lanka, to Sri Lanka for 10 years, loans of $ 300,000,000, specifically for the purchase of Russian military equipment, including meters -17 transport helicopters.

Most Americans believe that China will not threaten the U.S. superpower status 

Core Tip: "The New York Times" reported that in October within a short span of a week, 29 U.S. Republican and Democratic candidates to take China as a "scapegoat" attack each other on China too "kind." And polls show most Americans believe the United States have the ability to maintain the world's superpower status. 
Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 31 reported that the U.S. media recently said that "China" has become a major U.S. election campaign, "Popular." From the U.S. west coast to east coast, from the U.S. coast to coast, U.S. politicians are attacking the world's most populous country, "grab the jobs of Americans." 

"New York Times," the message said, in October within a short span of a week, 29 U.S. Republican and Democratic candidates to take China as a "scapegoat" attack each other on China too "kind." 


Yahoo News website recently the United States held "Ask America" survey activities to the U.S. electorate's perception of China conducted an investigation. Survey said that the problems between China and the U.S. is very complex, and therefore the results of the survey are also some "self-contradictory." Most of the respondents think the U.S. can maintain superpower status to China, but in order to achieve this goal, the U.S. government needs to intervene in certain areas, while some areas are not to intervene. 

Survey said that the U.S. is not the only jobs going to China, but China in the United States still need to be concerned about certain aspects of development. The survey also said that China's rapid economic growth has been a threat to the U.S. superpower status. However, despite China's economic growth attracted the attention of Americans, but there is still little more than half of respondents - 3.3 million people (about 56% of the total respondents) - that the United States the ability to maintain the world's superpowerstatus.

Destiny from the transport ten elite ignorance and quick success and short-sighted

Elites in China rattled the Chinese aviation industry demonstrate how cooperation with foreigners to "optimal" development, when the hair with the Third World developing countries _ Brazil, not only did not the U.S. cooperation, but launched a self- property rights, regional jets, sold around the world, but also sold to China! When the Chinese have a "Win ten" when the MD has also been keen to send out "is not outdated technology."

    Y10 research and development process, China is the world's second-largest computer producer, is the world's only two countries can produce the CPU, when China's computers have created a large number of foreign exchange

    Y10 R & D process, the world's first computer-aided design CAD design using large aircraft, (China purely domestic computer: from the heart of a computer CPU processors to the operating system software are invariably made), the use of this computer-aided design CAD kinds of advanced computer design has now applied to all walks of life!

    Y10 R & D process, the Chinese year of the computer business to a new level, not only independent of hardware manufacturing systems, as well as independent software system developed by a good operating system

    Y10 R & D process, the Chinese R & D system is a good industry, "large-scale systems engineering", Y10 has been spent, and Qian in China have created a system engineering methodology has been spent, so anything is now China's stop- gap

    Y10 development process, China has a set of scientific R & D personnel, Y10 has been spent, and also appeared in 70% of education funding cut (no matter how poor is not poor education, no matter how tough the child can not be bitter), research funding cut 48% (Science technology are primary productive forces), talent lean.

    Aircraft engine is the heart of the aircraft, and we developed a large aircraft engine technology is very weak, so the development of existing staff in the first reference to foreign wants the same type of aircraft engines, the only countries with this technology the United States and the Soviet Union, when Europe's "Airbus" was still in the cradle, especially in terms of static test aircraft, China is not as advanced aircraft project. But then the Western world, China is tight blockade of the country, and the enemy is the standard relationship between the United States, China and the United States Air Force air defense forces play was going on in Vietnam, relations with the Soviet Union is breathless tension, the Soviet Union in Summary of Mongolia and the Sino-Soviet border more than a million mechanized units, ready to war. In this case, sent a gift of iron Pakistan: A Boeing 707 crashed in Pakistan, body damage, but the engine remained intact, the Palestinian side to the whole secret of the broken aircraft delivered to China, so greatly accelerate the speed of the engine development it!
According to research staff at the time recalled, first of all fix the Boeing 707 aircraft and Boeing 707 engine based on the successful imitation out of the four engines, the imitation of the engine installed in the Boeing 707 on a successful test flight.

Ten shipped its first test flight to be safe, install a Boeing 707 engine, a successful test flight, and then copied into a very successful test flight of the four engines! Later flight times, one hundred percent success rate! And has seven times in the flight test fly the Tibetan Plateau during the delivery of relief supplies. Boeing flew the Tibetan Plateau is already a thing ten years later.

South Korean military said the military network was attacked by hackers every day nearly 10 million

South Korean Defense Ministry statistics show that South Korean military network hacking or attacks a day the number of times as many as 10 million cases.

Yonhap news October 22, South Korean Ministry of National Defense to the Congress members of the National Defense Commission Kim Ok statistics submitted by Iraq last year, South Korean military hacking websites, or the number of attacks per day to 93,720 since.

Reported that the South Korean daily hacking or attacks the number of military networks increasing trend year by year, starting from 29,681 in 2006 increased to 39,859 from 2007, 2008 and further rose to 79,022 from.

The report also said Jin Yi said that although the South Korean military hackers growing network of events, but over the past 3 years, the South Korean intelligence authorities sent information warfare defense system "INFORCON" the number of only 2 times. Jin Yi stressed that South Korea must raise awareness of prevention of network warfare."INFORCON" is a South Korean military to protect the military networks against cyber attacks, in April 2001 to implement information warfare defense system.

China's outsourcing market to reduce weapons intended to seize the opportunities of Italy

Following the leaked U.S. C-130 sales to China may be, the Italian C-27J is also interested in the Chinese market

Reporter / Weidong Xu

As the international situation changes, the Western ban on arms exports to China have been increasingly out of date. After China, the United States Government may sell C-130 "Hercules" transport aircraft, the person in charge of the Italian Finmeccanica company also said on October 18th, there will the company's C-27J "Spartan "tactical transport aircraft to the Chinese market. Some analysts believe that some Western countries are likely to ban arms sales to China transport transactions as a breakthrough.

Match for the temptation to Chinese market

Not long ago, Barack Obama requested the U.S. Congress lift its export restrictions on C-130 transport aircraft, hoping to "improve China's ability to clean oil spills at sea." The U.S. government's position, in addition to concerns raised in China, but also to some European defense companies have seen the "opportunity." United States, "Defense News" web site 18, Agence France-Presse quoted reports that the Italian Finmeccanica CEO 古阿尔葛里尼 the day, said: "We have been paying attention to this country (China) market, the United States show to sell C-130 transport aircraft intent, which means we can also export its C-27J transport aircraft. "

C-27J transport aircraft is the Finmeccanica company's leading products. The machine load is 11 tons, in the case without external support, but also in the rough short takeoff on the runway, viability, mobility and reliability of the strong. Performance of the advanced C-27J, and even the United States have ordered. However, this advanced transport aircraft you want to enter the Chinese market is not easy, because the ban on arms sales to China restricts European defense companies to expand their business.古阿尔葛里尼 stressed that, due to the "Defense Export Act 185/1990" restricted, C-27J transport aircraft can not be sold to China. "We are certain constraints that come from the bill, if we get rid of these restrictions, China will become our arms market."Obviously, put the sale in the United States Huajun tone with a transport aircraft, the European defense company looks forward to open the Chinese defense market, the mood is even more urgent.

Help strengthen the capacity of humanitarian relief

From the U.S. government to ban sale of Chinese C-130, to the Italian defense company wants to sell the Chinese C-27J, a time of military transport aircraft seems to be a breakthrough in US-European ban arms sales to China.

Military transport ban arms sales to China's becoming a "hot topic", with its unique attributes a great relationship. On the one hand, and fighter planes, tanks, warships, missiles or other offensive weapons, the more obvious compared to most military transport plane itself does not have the ability to attack is a "military significance" relatively weak platform; the other hand, As the performance of advanced military transport aircraft, various indicators of high, often play an active role in humanitarian relief operations, but also to become a "civilian property" relatively strong tool. For example, after the earthquake in Haiti, Canada's "disasters to help rescue teams" to send advance team aboard a C-130 transport plane arrived in Haiti. Similarly, the United States, engineers, communications experts, command and control team and other personnel also take the C-130 transport planes involved in disaster relief to Haiti.

In recent years, China has actively participated in international rescue operations and widely recognized by the international community. For example, according to Pakistan, "Daily Times" reported that the recent floods in Pakistan, the Chinese army sent four helicopters to transport relief supplies to the local and search and rescue mission, this is the first overseas military helicopter rescue mission. This is to the outside world that China is beneficial to the powerful air force the international community.

Moreover, if China similar equipment and the Western military transport aircraft, the international humanitarian relief in the future can also be better coordinated action.

Lifting of the ban is a win-win situation as soon as possible

The unilateral lifting of the ban arms sales to China does not benefit China, but China, the United States and Europe to win. At present, the Chinese army's weapons and equipment can be completely self-sufficient, 99 main battle tanks, PLZ-05-type self-propelled howitzer, "Guardian" series of rockets and other weapons and equipment have been close to or reach the world advanced level; the main naval ships also achieved the level of domestic the fly, new destroyers, frigates and submarines are equipped with volume forces; the Air Force has begun a large number of equipment, F -10, F -11, and other new-made fighter jets, on the whole, but in terms of equipment such as helicopters and transport planes is weak, but also actively developing, to catch up.Can be seen, the Chinese defense market opportunities left to U.S. and European companies are less and less.

Within the EU, the French defense market opportunities in China in a more clear understanding. According to Taiwan, "Central News Agency," recently revealed that the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Defense on October 6 press conference, to be submitted to Parliament published a "Report on 2009 sales." Appendix I of the report lists the countries allowed to export to the world, the amount of types of weapons, which involved 169 Chinese items, the amount of nearly 2 billion euros. Valerie French Foreign Ministry spokesman Bernard Lo also stressed that the EU's ban on arms exports for China too has been a long time, France has repeatedly proposed to the EU to lift the ban, and will continue to work hard. Thus, as soon as possible lifting of the ban arms sales to China has been the general trend.

Japanese Foreign Ministry officials said the East China Sea issue is not spreading false information

Core Tip: Chinese Assistant Foreign Minister Hu Zhengyue 29 in Hanoi, said the Japanese side during the meeting of East Asian leaders meet with Chinese and Japanese foreign ministers of the word content of disinformation to undermine the two leaders met in Hanoi on the proper atmosphere the same day, Chinese and Japanese leaders failed to hold a bilateral meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam. The resulting consequences of the Japanese side must bear full responsibility.


Data Figure: Diaoyu Islands, China-Japan relations due to a series of recent conflicts around the Diaoyu Islands dispute into a trough.

Chongqing Evening News reported Oct. 30 Chinese Assistant Foreign Minister Hu Zhengyue 29 in Hanoi, said the Japanese side during the series of meetings in the East Asian leaders continue to spread through the media violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity of speech, then again the content of Chinese and Japanese foreign ministers spread misinformation to undermine the two leaders meeting in Hanoi should be the atmosphere, the same day, Chinese and Japanese leaders failed to hold a bilateral meeting in Hanoi, Vietnam. The resulting consequences of the Japanese side must bear full responsibility.

Fried together with other countries in Japan over the Diaoyu Islands issue

Hu noted, we all know, China has always committed to the four political documents between China and Japan on the basis of maintaining and promoting the Sino-Japanese relations. However, the fact is that series of meetings on the eve of the leaders in East Asia, Japan's diplomatic authorities of other countries responsible together with another sizzling Diaoyu Islands issue. Japan is still the summit, spreading through the media constantly violated China's sovereignty and territorial integrity of expression.

Yang Jiechi reiterated that stance over the Diaoyu Islands

Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi held in Hanoi on 29 series of meetings during the East Asian leaders met with Japanese Foreign Minister Maehara. Sino-Japanese relations and the two sides exchanged views on relevant issues. Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi expounded on China's principled position on the Diaoyu Islands issue, stressed the Diaoyu Islands are China's inherent territory since ancient times.

Both sides agreed that efforts to safeguard and promote the Sino-Japanese relations is in line with the two countries and the fundamental interests of the people of the two sides agreed to maintain regular contacts, in order to improve and develop Sino-Japanese relations in a common effort.

Japan to spread misinformation

The Chinese delegation spokesman for the relevant 29 in response to a reporter's question said that the two sides agreed to resume oil and gas development on the East China Sea issue reports on the negotiations completely untrue.

On that day, a reporter asked: It is reported that Japanese Foreign Minister, said Seiji Maehara, the foreign ministers meeting that day, the two sides agreed to resume oil and gas development on the East China Sea negotiations. What is your comment?

Chinese delegation spokesman said the report completely untrue. Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said at the time, Japan should work with China towards the same direction, to implement the principle of consensus on East China Sea issue and create an atmosphere and conditions.

Clinton said the US-Japan Security Treaty applies to serious dissatisfaction with China's Diaoyu Islands

Hillary Clinton, U.S. Secretary of State capital of 28 in Honolulu, Hawaii (Honolulu) to the U.S. strategy in the Asia Pacific region delivered a speech, stressing the United States in the region should play a "leadership role."

Clinton said the Obama administration has been actively involved in Asian affairs to increase the strength of the United States, primarily to maintain and strengthen the U.S. leadership role in the Asia Pacific region, enhancing security and prosperity in the region.

She said that the U.S. implementation of the strategy in Asia rely mainly on traditional U.S. allies, new partnerships and the United States and key regional organizations. --- Traditional allies Japan, South Korea, Australia, Thailand and the Philippines, the United States and Asia-Pacific region is still the basis for strategic engagement, the United States while also strengthening relationships with new partners, such as Indonesia, Vietnam and Singapore.

Turning to China and India, Clinton said the two countries at the same time as the rise of emerging powers are "reshaping" the world, can effectively and in the United States and India cooperation will be a "major test."

Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Jiang Yu, 29, said in answering a reporter's question, the Chinese side on the U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on the US-Japan Security Treaty applies to the Diaoyu Islands in the comments that the serious concern and strong dissatisfaction.

A reporter asked: U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton 28 in meeting with Japanese Foreign Minister, after Seiji Maehara said publicly that the US-Japan Security Treaty applies to the Diaoyu Islands. What is your comment?

Jiang Yu said the Chinese side on the relevant remarks of Secretary of State Hillary Clinton expressed serious concern and strong dissatisfaction. Chinese territory Diaoyu Islands since ancient times, China has indisputable sovereignty. US-Japan security treaty is the product of the Cold War, is a bilateral arrangement between Japan and the U.S., including China, should not undermine the interests of third parties. The Chinese Government and people will never accept any treaty to be included in the scope of the Diaoyu words and deeds. We hope the U.S. and Japan do more to help the regional peace and stability. Xinhua manuscript edition


Wen Jiabao put forward the 10 +3 countries to strengthen cooperation in four areas

Premier Wen Jiabao attended the 29th held in Hanoi in the thirteenth ASEAN leaders meeting. Wen Jiabao put forward the next phase of the 10 +3 countries need to strengthen cooperation in the following areas:

First, adhere to the 10 +3 as the main channel to accelerate East Asian free trade area.

Second, to deepen the 10 +3 financial cooperation, strengthening regional economic surveillance mechanism to promote the Asian Bond Market.

Third, to promote food security, sustainable agricultural development, interoperability, education and other areas.

Fourth, strengthen communication on major international issues and coordination.

South Korea, after the two Koreas exchanged fire alert, saying that no special trend toward military
Core Tip: South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff said, North Korea on October 29 in the east to the front line in the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in the South Korean military guard post in front (GP) hit two shots, South Korean troops also fought back immediately.South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff said the South Korean military has strengthened the warning situation, but did not capture the special North Korean military movements.


Data Figure: South Korea military vehicles patrolling the demilitarized zone

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 30 reported that South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff said, North Korea on October 29 in the east to the front line in the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in the South Korean military guard post in front (GP) hit two shots, South Korean troops also immediately fought back.

Korean demilitarized zone in border clash

South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff related parties, said: "On that day (29) 17:26 or so, the Korean army was initially suggested to use 14.5 mm machine guns as weapons, in Gangwon Province to the south of Cheorwon near the front of the front horse ri alert hit post twice. South Korean troops at once using the K-6 (12.7 mm) machine guns fired back three shots. "

The official said: "We infer the location of the attack to the bottom of the front-line guard post, there were no casualties. South Korean troops during the shooting, it is also broadcast warnings of the DPRK, 'provocations against the DPRK, the ROK will exercise the right to self-defense counterattack. ROK solemn warning, you have violated the "truce" '. "front-line North Korean military and South Korean military guard post in front-line guard post 1.3 km away.

North Korea said the military alert and no "special movements"

South Korean YTN television reported that the fire located at Han Guohua River region, from Seoul about 90 km away. 29 South Korean military confirmed that the two Koreas for demilitarized zone along the border exchange of fire, no injuries ROK, the DPRK is currently concerned about the trend and current situation.

South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff said, in response to North Korea to further provocation, the Korean military has been strengthened alert posture, and when deployed in the occurrence of joint combat power can be immediately dispatched. After playing South Korean military radio warnings, fail to capture the special North Korean military movements.


South Korea, "Central Daily", said North Korea rejected South Korea 28, the requirements of practical inter-Korean military talks proposal, which North Korea threatened earlier in the day "(you) will deeply feel the refusal of dialogue triggered by the inter-Korean relations how serious the consequences devastating. " Some analysts said the exchange of fire, and the speech is likely related.

Exchange of fire does not affect the reunion of separated families

South Korean Unification Ministry in charge of inter-Korean border were the 29th place on the exchange of fire that is scheduled to start from the 30th reunion of separated families will be held as scheduled. According to the responsible person, has received the DPRK on the Korean side to shoot the news post, but the DPRK with the nature of the shooting is unclear. Currently more than 400 South Korean separated family members gathered in the Gangwon-do Sokcho. All the preparatory work carried out smoothly, as originally planned reunion activities.

China's military build-up to benefit the world, hospital ship free medical treatment abroad

Core Tip: In recent years, the pace of China's accelerating military modernization, and in fact, enhance China's military strength has brought tangible benefits to the world.Chinese Navy "Peace Ark" was the hospital ship Africa tour rounds. These examples prove a powerful force in China's contribution to the world.


October 18, the Chinese Navy "peace Ark" hospital ship left the port of Mombasa in Kenya to Tanzania

International reporting online October 30 in recent years, China is accelerating the pace of military modernization, but a few people with ulterior motives of the Western politicians and media are always on a "military threat" to describe this progress. In fact, to enhance China's military strength has brought tangible benefits to the world. Pakistani media on October 26 reported that the Chinese military and Chinese military enterprises affected areas in Pakistan provide a much-needed humanitarian assistance. Moreover, the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation, the Seychelles, "Nation" and other African media recently reported that Chinese navy also "Peace Ark" was the hospital ship Africa tour rounds. These examples are all a testament to the power of China's contribution to the world.

Significant force in Pakistan relief

According to Pakistan, "Daily Times" reported on October 26, China North Industries Group Corporation has been flooded to the Pakistani areas of China donated 10 sets and 500 tents, water purification equipment, and training of Pakistani personnel to use water purification equipment. Palestinian officials said, with these water-purification equipment and tents, we can provide to the homeless shelter to safe drinking water and the earth. Report that these supplies and equipment will be issued by the Pakistan Army to the flooded provinces of Balochistan and Sindh.

Pakistani media spoke highly of China's humanitarian assistance to Pakistan. Reported that, as an important friend of Pakistan, China has provided selfless assistance of disaster, not only sent the two treatment teams, but also dispatched four helicopters involved in relief operations. According to "Pakistan Times," further reported that the PLA sent a 4 m -17 helicopters participated in the southeastern city of Hyderabad in Pakistan's relief operations, and provided 10 million yuan in aid.

In addition, the Hunza River / 阿特塔巴德 Lakes region, the Chinese military's rescue force also join with the Pakistani military for nearly 25,000 victims of disaster are struggling with food and fuel. Obviously, suffered flooding in Pakistan during the time the Chinese army and military enterprises lent a helping hand. Particularly good performance of Chinese military enterprises, and by war profiteering, as one Western arms companies to sell weapons in sharp contrast. First foreign rescue helicopter units, but also take practical action to interpret the increasingly powerful Chinese military progress on the positive international role and influence.

Hospital ship to overseas learning from Lei Feng

Chinese navy's "peaceful Ark" was the hospital ship is designed and manufactured by China-ton hospital ship. Recently, the "Peace Ark" No. "overseas rounds of the Tour" also became the focus of the foreign media.

According to Australia's "Sydney Morning Herald" reported recently, carrying 428 officers, sailors and health care workers "peace Ark" was in the hospital ships to leave China on August 31, to Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Seychelles and Bangladesh port.Reported that the hospital ship displacement of 20,000 tons, has 500 beds and eight operating rooms, this form will provide local people with free medical assistance.

According to Kenya Broadcasting Corporation reported that Vice-President Musyoka of Kenya spoke highly of the friendship between China and Kenya. Reported that docked at the port of Mombasa "peace Ark" Hundreds gathered near the number of local people, one of them even treated nearly 1,000 patients.

Seychelles "Nation" in the October 26 early warning of the "peace Ark" was the trip. It is reported that Chinese navy hospital ship will be October 27 to November 1 period for the local people to provide free medical services, the hospital ship's medical staff will also communicate to the local hospital. Reported that the Chinese navy hospital ship first overseas trip was a peaceful, harmonious journey, Asia and Africa to strengthen the cooperation in the areas of humanitarian assistance.

China's military power to contribute to international

In the eyes of some Western countries, to enhance military strength is the "foreign expansion," synonymous with every move of the Chinese armed forces have been strong with this logic. But the fact is, as a responsible big country, China's military modernization is conducive to world peace and stability. Alone, the Navy, for example, China's advanced destroyers and frigates, and not as exaggerated as the West to "challenge the United States" or "Cope India", but actively participate in actions to combat piracy in the Indian Ocean, and with the other counterparts of the positivecooperation.


Chinese Navy "Peace Ark" was the same hospital ship overseas rounds and the West Indian media often hype of the "strategic balance at sea pearls India" and other absurd arguments proved unfounded. Some people say that if you have to give the Chinese Navy with a "string of pearls", then it certainly is a "chain of friendship and devotion."

It is generally noted that, compared with some Western military powers, the Chinese military in equipment and technology there is still a gap, but also in neighboring countries need help to help. Even compared with some Asian neighbors, the Chinese army has a large transport aircraft or aircraft carrier or a lack of such equipment, but was able to first build a class of hospital ships tons of humanitarian aid and equipment, and those eager to develop more aircraft carrier battle groups countries, China's military-friendly nature of the selfless and not self-evident. Thus, China's military buildup is not threatening, but to promote world peace, strengthening international exchanges and growth forces of justice.

China's militarization of space a great threat to the United States
Core Tip: U.S. "Christian Science Monitor," October 28 in the report that China is moving toward "militarization of space" on the road, that the United States and other countries that pose a threat.


Data Figure: China's lunar probe Chang'e II launched during the National Day

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 30 reported that the U.S. "Christian Science Monitor," October 28 in the report that China is moving toward "militarization of space" on the road, that the United States and other countries that pose a threat.

Reported that China's recent launch of the Chang'e II satellite technology not only means that China has made great progress in space, also reflects China's space exploration program as the "military strategy." Some scholars say the United States, China, the moon and other space program has military significance of inestimable value, or even that the Chinese army to obtain long-distance communication can be measured, and anti-satellite missile technology and other aspects of war experience.


Reported by the impact of China's space program, India, Japan and the United States faces "security risks." According to reports, the Pentagon said that China is exploring the use of the space program by the U.S. military dependence on space, saying "in the event of conflict, the Chinese armed forces will be the first time in U.S. satellite shot down."

In addition, the United States still has some scholars believe that China's moon plans to prove that China has a long-term strategic vision, which is lacking in the United States.Reported that, although within the United States in lunar orbit remote sensing satellite, but Obama already decided to cancel plans to return to the moon. United States still has some scholars worried about the U.S. plans in space will be behind China. U.S. think tank "Heritage Foundation," an expert on Chinese space mission researcher Cheng Bin (Dean Cheng) said, "This is like the tortoise and the hare story speaks as though China is slowly but steadily been on the moon there is a long-term basis, while the United States seems to have decided not to continue to invest to ensure maintenance of the status of the space leader. "

4th Japan Aegis test successful "standard 3" anti-missile interceptor

Core Tip: 29, Japan's defense ministry said, according to anti-missile plan to deal with ballistic missiles, the MSDF Aegis destroyers "Kirishima" in the Hawaii waters near the island of Kauai the successful implementation of the intercept test, shot down as a target missile's simulated missile.


Data Figure: No. Diamond Aegis destroyers of Japan tests anti-missile interceptors -3 standard, Japanese standard -3 in the design process involved in the work and to provide some electronic equipment.

China News Service reported October 30, Kyodo News reported, Japan's defense ministry announced that 29, according to anti-missile plan to deal with ballistic missiles, the MSDF Aegis destroyers "Kirishima" in the Hawaii waters near Kauai successimplementation of the intercept test, shooting down the simulation as a dummy missile.


This is Japan's fourth sea-based interceptor missile test-fired "standard -3" (SM-3). The second test of the missile warhead for orbit and attitude control device malfunction and failure. And second, the same three tests, the target missile's launch date has not been previously informed the Aegis destroyers. Test costs about 67 billion yen (about 550 million yuan).

Ministry of Defense said 29 noon Japan time, simulated missile launched from U.S. Navy facilities, about 3 minutes after the launch Kirishima No. SM-3 missile hit the target missile outside the atmosphere.

Japan's ABM two steps: first by the SM-3 missile to intercept ballistic missiles outside the atmosphere, if not hit, the Air Self-Defense Force fired anti-aircraft missiles "Patriot -3" (PAC-3) will shoot them down. Japan had "PAC-3" missile tests carried out 2 times, all the successful implementation of the interception.

China's new carrier force has shipped 9 C-130J close
Core Tip: I think that the United States intends to cancel the "Hercules" transport planes to China-related initiatives is a limit signal tentative, more symbolic than practical significance. Future for a long period of time, especially for large transport aircraft in terms of transport will remain self-reliance is the only choice.


Data Figure: China is developing medium-range transport aircraft transported nine renderings



Data Figure: U.S. Air Force C-130J transport aircraft

International Online October 30 U.S. President Olusegun Ma Zhixin recently reported to the Senate and the House Speaker, the proposed termination of the export of C-130 "Hercules" transport aircraft of the relevant restrictions. For the news, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce spokesman, said in answer to a reporter's question: The Chinese side has taken note of the United States intends to loose C-130 transport aircraft export ban to China for use in offshore oil spill contingency purposes related news, the Chinese side expresses its welcome. Ministry of Commerce spokesman said the lifting of a temporary ban on the export license is issued by the U.S. exports to China to promote a positive signal, the Chinese side for all the help to promote bilateral economic and trade cooperation and promote bilateral trade development initiatives welcomed.

I think that the United States intends to cancel the "Hercules" transport planes to China-related initiatives is a limit signal tentative, more symbolic than practical significance.Future for a long period of time, especially for large transport aircraft in terms of transport will remain self-reliance is the only choice.

From the United States of "non-intimate country" sales of sensitive high technology and weapons practice characteristics of view, only when a country has a similar technology and production technology, the U.S. will sell to achieve the same level of technology to its "sensitive products" . As a world-famous medium tactical transport aircraft "star", C-130 since 1954, more than 50 years have passed since its first flight, is the world's longest continuous production of tactical transport aircraft. Although the decades of its manufacturers continue to improve with modern technology to "open a new flower trees", but the C-130 is a position in today's "economic and practical medium tactical transport aircraft", and its international interchangeable functions with the same type of aircraft a lot, does not have a "scarcity." China is not only able to independently produce their already close to the early models of the "Win -8", also has developed close to their latest models feature the "Win -9."


In other words, the United States even sell the most advanced models of C-130 transport aircraft, for China is also not much in terms of attractiveness and value of the actual purchase. Win -9 on China and the latest version of C-130 performance comparison between, including the U.S. "strategic" magazine, etc., overseas media have done such a public analysis and comparison: medium-sized transport aircraft in China and the United States shipped -9 C -130 medium-sized transport aircraft latest version - C-130J "Super Hercules" belong to the same level of performance, have different emphases, although the ability to transport -9 carrying supplies less than the C-130J, but the ability of staff to carry out a lot, and speed faster, farther, for long-range force projection; the airdrop capability, transportation -9 can also be comparable with the C-130J transport aircraft.

In terms of capacity to demand and supply, is similar to the Russian IL-76 medium and large transport aircraft and the U.S. C-17 heavy transport aircraft is the China is the most urgently needed. But the United States would ban the sale of Chinese heavy-duty C-17 strategic transport aircraft it? Obviously not. And in the United States President Barack Obama will visit India in early November on the occasion, came the United States will sell India 10 C-17 "Globemaster" transport aircraft heavy strategic message.

United States only agreed to lift the embargo on China outdated medium tactical transport aircraft, "Hercules", but spared no effort to sell to India, "Globemaster" transport aircraft of the behavior of heavy strategy that: in the manufacture of large aircraft development, China must abandon any illusions, only self-reliance.

19DD Japanese version of the Aegis destroyers: the sea from to "independence" of the milestone

October 13, the latest Japanese 19DD destroyer first ship, "Autumn Moon" was launched. It is equipped with the most striking place of the Japanese version of the Aegis system, marking the areas of shipboard weapon systems in Japan achieved a decisive breakthrough. Then the Japanese version of the Aegis system performance?19DD destroyer for the Maritime Self Defense Force, what significance? NetEase will you make exclusive of the military.



October 13, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force ships latest 19DD destroyer ship first, "Autumn Moon" was (DD-153) into the water, it is equipped with the Aegis system, the Japanese made (red box office chart.)
October 13, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force ships latest 19DD destroyer ship first, "Autumn Moon" was (DD-115) into the water, where Moon is the most striking number of the Japanese version of the Aegis-equipped system (Advanced Combat System Technology) This is the area of shipboard weapon systems in Japan to get a decisive breakthrough.

It should be noted that, according to the Sea of Japan from the usual "weakness" traditional, 19DD known as the "Heisei 19 year frigate" In fact, the full load displacement of 6,800 tons, it can be said is an absolute destroyer.

The rapid reconstruction of Japan after World War sea power

As we all know, is the only World War II Japanese navy attacked the United States armed services, so after the war, the United States disbanded the Japanese Navy, as its material base the development of shipbuilding industry has also been banned. With the outbreak of the Korean War and the Cold War, the United States limited the development of Japan to lift the restrictions on maritime combat forces, the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force subsequently set up. With Japan's economic recovery and development strength, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force has completed the defensive from the inshore to offshore defensive, and then to the present ocean-based strategic change mobile operations. This stage, the MSDF has 72 large and medium sized vessels (April 2009 data), far more than its overall strength in the Korean navy, the sea since the world seems to have become a significant maritime combat power.

Focus on the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force submarine

As a modern destroyer, the main naval surface ships, it has been the focus of the development of the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force. 50 years, Japan through the introduction of American technology, has built the Ling Po, Moon several levels of destroyers, completed the rehabilitation and reconstruction of industrial ships, 70 destroyers entered the era of development in Japan, the construction of the Japanese exclusive helicopter destroyers ( DDH) "Haruna" class, in fact, be regarded as DDH additional aircraft carrier in Japan in order to maintain their own research and development, capacity building, a reflection. 80 lines in Japan in 1000 to combat targets on Haili Hai, began to build eighty-eight fleet, each vessel formation by the flagship (DDH), 2 艘 air defense destroyer (flag wind level) and five general-purpose destroyers (snow level and the Asagiri class). Have a strong overall combat capability. However, because the Japan-US alliance in the U.S. Coast Guard under the umbrella of the carrier's air operations, combined with Japan's sea lines of World War II U.S. Navy submarine has suffered the pain of attacks, so more emphasis on the development of regional eighty-eight submarine fleet, mine-clearance capacity. Maritime Self Defense Force has also become second only to the U.S. Navy anti-submarine, mine-clearing force.




Murasame class destroyers behalf of the Japanese general has matured and began anti-submarine destroyer from the direction of the multi-purpose attempts.
Not good enough for the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force, serving 80 years the former Soviet Union proposed a new type of combat ships and aircraft, such as "Kirov" class cruisers, "Shark" class submarines and Su-27K for the operational goals, develop a new generation of destroyers, which will King Kong air defense guided missile destroyers and village-level general-purpose destroyers rain. King Kong is the second level where the United States after the second aircraft Burke-class Aegis system equipped guided missile destroyers, with a strong air defense capability, Japan's Maritime Self-Defense Force of the new century, the basis of formation water.

Murasame class: multi-direction of the first attempt

General destroyer Murasame-class anti-submarine warfare the main task of the implementation of ocean-going fleet, and its greatest feature is equipped with a Japanese version of the AN/SQQ-89 integrated anti-submarine warfare systems, including OQS-5 Hull sonar (U.S. AN/SQS-53C Japanese model) , OQR-1 towed linear array sonar (U.S. AN/SQR-19 Japanese model), the ship is also equipped with equipped with LAMPS-3 anti-submarine system, S-70B "Sea Hawk" anti-submarine helicopters, two by AN/SQQ- data link connection 28 to form a comprehensive anti-submarine ship machines integrated operational system, with automatic underwater target detection, tracking, identification and attack capability.

But the village level with the previous rain-and snow have been very different Asagiri class, although the anti-submarine ship-based, but also attached great importance to air combat capability, the ship is equipped with a OPS-24 AESA coordinate air search and guidance radar, detection range of more than 200 km, the radar can provide guidance for combat aircraft, also with the fire control system for the middle of the ship to air guided missiles, which indicates that also attaches importance to the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force and the Diamond Murasame-class level for joint air defense operations. From this point of view can be seen as Japan's Murasame-class destroyers from the general direction of the development of multi-purpose anti-submarine type to the first attempt.


High wave-level system is equipped with a MK41 Unai, better play the OPS-24 radar, and advanced performance. High wave-class destroyers have become common in Japan mainly from the submarine to the direction of development of a multi-purpose signs.
High wave level: no longer the main anti-submarine warfare

Although Murasame class performance, but fundamentally speaking, is still part of its anti-submarine destroyer. Although it is equipped with such advanced OPS-24 radar, but it is equipped with the MK48 Vertical Launching System, can only ship to air missile launch Sea Sparrow, Otto 76 mm gun as fast gun, air defense better performance, but the implementation of shore bombardment tasks are inadequate, so they built the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force improved its level of high waves.

High waves with MK41 Vertical Launching System replaces the Murasame class MK48, has launched Sea Sparrow, the standard -2 ship-air missiles and Tomahawk cruise missile capability, while 127 mm heavy artillery with Otto replaces Otto Murasame-class fast gun 76 mm , let shore bombardment firepower greatly increased, and therefore can be considered high wave-class destroyers from the Japanese anti-submarine-based general purpose direction to the development of a logo.

High wave-class destroyers have reflected a general multi-purpose destroyers, some features, but for Japan, it's King Kong in front of class, rain village level there is also difficult to meet the same performance limitations.




Aegis system because the weight of large phased array antenna, which antenna location can not be installed on ships where a high, thus affecting the ship's detection capability at low altitude (above). Village rain, high level single front wave phased array radar, it is difficult to resist all attacks to saturation (below).
Diamond-level low-altitude target detection capability limited

Although the powerful Aegis air defense system, but also has its own weaknesses, that is, low-altitude, low altitude air insufficient grasp of the situation, because the heavier weight of the phased array antenna, SPY-1 radar antenna focus more than 5 tons, can not be installed ship high place, so the formula under the radar line of sight; radar detection range and antenna height, target height was directly proportional to the Aegis air defense system for the low-altitude target detection range will be very limited. Based on the data; Burke class for the height of 5 meters from the surface anti-ship missiles, and detection range of less than 30 km, Diamond-level estimates are also broadly similar to this, in addition to its ship equipped with SM-2MR-air missile heavy weight,Therefore, the interception targets the needs of high altitude climbing to accumulate enough energy to maintain a relatively high mobility, and therefore increased its minimum intercept distance, so that the intercept a small area, high speed when anti-ship missiles very negative.

Village rain, high waves saturation level is hard to resist attacks

Village rain, high waves level with OPS-24 with a vertical launch Sea Sparrow / Sea Sparrow ship to air missile, although a good cover, but its weakness is that only one front, only deal with one direction of attack, and war each other saturation attack may come from multiple directions, so need more ships to meet the defense to reach full effect, but if the general failure or damage, and make defense a gap. From another perspective, if in the future as the King continued to buy American Aegis-class system that, then the sea will certainly ease the development of future controlled by others, which committed to develop the offensive for the Japanese navy is undoubtedly a huge disadvantage factors.

Although the King, Murasame class destroyers of the Japanese surface fleet combat capability has been very tough, but because of limitations of the ship's air defense, the Japanese began a new multi-purpose destroyers in the design and construction. So the Japanese-made equipped with the Aegis system - ATECS system 19DD come into being.




19DD with home-made Aegis - ATECS combat system with advanced technology, a freshman small bursts of two phased antenna (shown in red box office), anti-saturation attack capability greatly enhanced. This system was first day in 16DDH been applied to the level (Fig. small figure).
19DD equipped with advanced technology, including advanced combat system-ATECS battle command system-ACDS, improved 3-FCS-3 fire control system to change, integrated anti-submarine system-AWSCS, electronic warfare control system-EWCS and other components, system operators regulatory standard UYQ -70 display and control units, subsystems using optical fiber as a medium for organic associated data bus to form the ship's integrated weapon system, collaborative implementation of air defense, anti-ship, anti-submarine and electronic warfare, 19DD most obvious sign is the FCS-equipped 3 active phased array radar.

Enhanced low-altitude target detection capability

FCS-3 type active phased array radar and the Aegis same installation, with four top-mounted in the superstructure, reaching around the omni-directional coverage, can effectively deal with saturation attacks. Data show that FCS-3 surface dimensions of the antenna array 1.6 * 1.6 m, the array element for the 1600 T / R module, the maximum range of 200 kilometers, can master the 300 target, from these indicators, FCS-3 antenna the number of array elements is roughly equivalent to half the OPS-24, so the weight must be less than the OPS-24, this means that the FCS-3 can be equipped to a high place, thereby expanding the range of the antenna vessel of water, from the expansion of ship to air missile the intercepting line.

Saturation Striking ship over Burke

Be noted that the 19DD ship is equipped with Sea Sparrow air missiles, Sea Sparrow is used in the last paragraph of instruction plus additional relay INS compound semi-active radar homing guidance system, radar terminal guidance needed exposure, while the FCS-3 with C-band can provide exposure, so the Japanese front with the C-band X-band radiation to increase a front approach to solve this problem, the X-band radiation from the front directly above the Japanese F-2 fighter's J / APG -1 active phased array radar, the use of phased array antenna radiation front has the advantage that deal with multiple objectives to improve 19DD ability to greatly enhance the ability of the fight against anti-ship missile saturation attack.

Aegis warships such as the traditional Burke class although the United States attack 12 targets simultaneously, but the ship to air missile radar AN/SPG-62 radiation exposure but also only one goal, we must be irradiated by a mechanical rotating the second goal,thus reducing the system response speed, especially in a certain direction, the Burke-class AN/SPG-62 after using two of the previous arrangement, so the direction of work in the bow, only one radar, so in this direction incoming missile over 4, it may be more than the ability of the radar.

The use of phased array radiation front can be electronically scanned phased array using the advantages of multiple targets can be quickly transferred between the beams, or exposure to multiple targets simultaneously, which can provide multiple channels firepower to attack multiple targets, so greatly improve the ability to deal with multiple objectives, in particular, the increase can easily array antenna element, thereby enhancing the antenna radiation Gonglv, so you can Yiwei remote 2MR ship to air missile such as the standard to provide exposure, with the FCS-3's strong detection capability, you can easily make 19DD with long-range anti-aircraft fire.




Can also be used for future 19DD XAAM-4 from the active radar guided air to air missile ship improved air missiles, air defense capability will also be further enhanced, but the ship itself does not have a strong offensive capability.
19DD in the bow with 32 units of the MK41 Vertical Launching System, of which 16 anti-submarine missile launch Aspen Locke, 16 Sea Sparrow ship to air missile launch, according to an MK41 fired four Sea Sparrow can be calculated, then up to 19DD ship equipped with 64 Sea Sparrow air missile, payload is very impressive.

It is worth mentioning that Japan has developed a new AHRIM ship to air missile, the missile developed by Japan's XAAM-4 active radar guided air to air missile improved form, thus avoiding the need for external irradiation Sea Sparrow radar the last paragraph of the defect. This is also fighting for the 19DD system using collaborative foundation, through cooperative engagement system, 19DD early warning aircraft from other ships or to obtain objective information for relay ship to air guided missiles, missile guidance Terminal boot target, so that means missile antenna can break through the water restrictions, attack ships radar horizon of the goal, intercepting ships line extrapolation to improve the success probability of intercept anti-ship missiles. If the sea from the re-introduction of the standard 6-Air Missile, then with its fleet of maritime combat anti-ship missile saturation attack capability against the more powerful.

19DD offensive capability is still limited

Thus, in Japan, the helicopter carrier battle group in the future, 19DD for the entire fleet is fully capable of providing low-altitude aerial targets, especially targets (such as anti-ship missiles) and multiple block system, ideal for the entire fleet escort. But 19DD destroyer does not have a strong offensive capability, its main anti-ship weapon is only 0.9 Mach 8 speed 90-type (SSM-1B) ship missiles, and a range of only 150 km, compared to around China and the South Korean navy ships new office does not have the advantage in the anti-ship capabilities, so the offensive capability of the Maritime Self-Defense Force did not have much growth. Therefore it can be said 19DD fact just an upgraded version of the high wave level, it continued to focus on improvements to enhance air defense capability.



19DD destroyer through the construction of multi-purpose, Japan has successfully developed a similar home-made ship-based Aegis weapons system. This means that in the Japanese destroyer fleet in the future, Japan will have a completely self-made air defense ship. And Japan can take this experience, relying on its powerful economic and technological strength to more complex and sophisticated weapon systems.

However, because of the existence of the Japan-US alliance, the MSDF will continue to develop as a center of anti-submarine. 19DD in the future more of a commitment to the role of the Japanese escort helicopter aircraft carrier, helicopter carrier battle group in Japan have been the main task is to anti-submarine for the center. [For details, see: DDH word games - Japan has no real aircraft carrier].

But we should also see the construction of 19DD in Japan for many years actively break free, to seek "independence" and a miniature reconstruction of a strong navy. Although the post-war pacifist constitution of Japan and the United States by the dual constraints, but their weapons, experiencing the introduction, imitation, self-developed process, with its economic and technological strength has been the increase in the proportion of independent research and development has become more and more . Therefore we can say, 19DD towards the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force of Japan is an important milestone in the Navy, we should also be sufficient for its vigilance.

China to resolve the new airborne electronic warfare pods and radar interference problems

Core Tip: a new type of aircraft and radar jamming pod to interfere with each other the first time, head-on combat, attack and defense is not at the same time, aircraft survivability challenged. In order to solve the problem of mutual interference in the country with no experience can learn, no information can refer to foreign cases, returnees expert Wang Xing, boldly dynamic time-division control band-stop filter idea.


"Flying Leopard" electronic warfare jamming pod mounted type.



China Electronics Technology Group Corporation also demonstrated KG300G electronic jamming pod. This is an installation in the aircraft, bombers, attack aircraft, bombers and helicopters small plug-point system, with the effective interference in airborne or ground I and J channels.

Xinhua October 29 reported that the army Road 27 years of trials, 9 the first prize in three of Military Sciences.

New equipment from abroad to study to be fitted out, from the equipment to fill the data gaps to make up for deficiencies, overcome technical difficulties from a research team led slowly to the rise of ... ... on the road of scientific research, cutting-edge pioneer in the field reactance, the Air Force Engineering University Avionics Engineering Professor Wang Xing down to earth out of an innovative way.

In 1999, Wang Xing, 34, with patriotic passion and blood, returned overseas students from Russia to undertake training in electronic warfare systems and operational use of the work. This is a pioneering system that works, no experience can learn the lesson without model, Wang Xing, placed in front of a lot of problems: a lack of teaching materials, two missing people, three missing equipment.

These days, Wang Xing, and research group with members every day, and refused to leave the forces and equipment of new aircraft, record the various parameters of the new equipment and conditions to understand the performance of new equipment. The drawings of an aircraft with the actual data does not match the light pod had more than 200 parts, line more than a thousand articles, drawing more than 300 sheets of drawings. To bite the next piece of "unyielding", Wang Xing, leading the team worked day and night, overtime, often in the laboratory is one thousand. Within a short period of three months, they are all the aircraft parts and lines pod "winning", drawn out of the new detailed drawings.

Wang Xing remember stepped in, received a warning device alerting capabilities to enhance the scene when the subject. As a type of warning device can not be independent data content update, the alarm does not alarm or error rate is high, and sometimes the pilot would prefer to believe his own eyes are not willing to believe the warning device. Warning device to prevent the Chinese people themselves to master data, equal to the foreign fighter operations strangling the throat.

Have not yet had time to enjoy "is entrusted with the task of" pride and joy, difficulties and challenges on the pressure over: the internal structure of the complex type of warning device, principle profound, serious lack of information.

So he had played outfield, canteens, laboratories, "three tier" of life. It seems the days of others miserable, Wang Xing, but over the more enjoyably. Wondering one component, a block flapper, one combination, a rate circuit, with a cold device Taiwan and Taiwan contacts, Wang Xing, is to explore the fun feel.

Hanlaishuwang, spring and autumn, Wang Xing, led his team to bite in self-defense under the constraints of airborne electronic warfare training and operational use of the hard bone, enhancing operational capability. To this end, Wang Xing, and his research team received the third prize of Military Sciences.

"Riding a boat behind. Join the tide of world revolution in military affairs, not Yong forefront will be eliminated." It is with this sense of urgency, Wang Xing, the spirit of racing against time peak began research on the sprint .

Why do foreign armies, in such a short period of time to find out the combat strength of each other? Why are combat accuracy so high? Why make each other regardless of the enemy? Several local wars smoke despite the world's casual, but a series of questions are still lingering Wang Xing mind.

Wang Xing deeply aware of the face of profound and complex changes in the international situation, in order to win future information warfare, research on the development of military equipment to be innovative.

Fort breakthrough is thought to enhance the combat effectiveness. In research on the road, Wang Xing, began to lead his team of innovative thinking "revolution." Festival without changes to the aircraft and under the conditions of the line equipment of several distributed control of cross-linked and integrated, Wang Xing, Department led the "members" first study first, trying to gather information, study books, notes, and access to foreign related technologies efforts to master the technical performance of equipment installed in aircraft and details of the original disbursement clever time-line, using circuitous connection methods, achieve the optimal conditions, and control of cross-linking, and finally breaking the opinion that no changes to aircraft design routing architecture can not be linked to achieve the conclusions of new equipment.

Thinking of how far, how far there is action. In research on the road, as long as the innovation is to improve combat effectiveness, Wang Xing, dare to put his ideas into practice out on the device.


A new type of aircraft and radar jamming pod to interfere with each other when the first, head-on combat, attack and defense is not at the same time, aircraft survivability challenged. In order to solve the problem of mutual interference in the country with no experience can learn, no information can refer to the foreign situation, Wang Xing, boldly proposed hours of control of dynamic filtering method with the idea of resistance.

Demonstrated through repeated exploration, Wang Xing, innovative ideas are the experts unanimously approved. Improved radar jamming pod and effective solution to the mutual interference of radar, radar and maximize the performance while jamming pod. This is first on the domestic and even international.

Practicing, Shen solve problems in the field; take the lead, sweat dried in the former ... ... joined the army for 27 years, Wang Xing, always adhere to the teaching and researching, never stop the pace of innovation and development.

Gunboat's successor: the contemporary world naval patrol / escort boat

Core Tip: gunboat, perhaps the oldest naval vessels. Since naval guns for the day, the gunboats appeared in the ocean. Despite the current fighting side by side with a number of ship artillery species have disappeared with time away, but also through changes gunboats though, but "loaded gun in the boat," the "essence" has not changed much.


Australian Navy's "Armidale" class "skin in the" No coastal patrol boats. It participated in the 60th anniversary of China's naval maritime parade.

People in the Navy to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the international maritime access to ship-style lineup, a passenger ship from Australia have become quite special: not only because of its more than 200 tons of the heads off the coast of Qingdao, "warship Avenue" appear in more and more "pocket", but also because she is the only one to participate in this new type of review a naval maritime patrol / escort boat. In other words, this is a contemporary building in the 21st century gunboat. Gunboat, perhaps the oldest naval vessels. Since naval guns for the day, the gunboats appeared in the ocean. Sailing times from the "Clippers" to the country became a Navy star of the "gunboat Doyle London", then later the patrol / escort boat, when the fighting side by side in all naval vessels and some have disappeared from the oceans, and some have been with the initial the name of the very different, and gunboats, although through changes, but "loaded gun boat" and "nature" has not changed much. It should be noted that in order to facilitate the discussion, mentioned here patrol / escort boat refers only to full-load displacement of 200 tons or more, has a capacity of ocean navigation model, a displacement of only 100 tons less than the boat is not included.

Southern Hemisphere sea wizard

- Oceania Navy's new coastal patrol boat

Participate in the parade at sea "new gunboat" is the Australian Navy, "Armidale" class "skin in the" No coastal patrol boats. The new boat is built patrol boats in Australia, plans to build 12. "Skin in the" No length of 56.8 m coastal patrol boats, 270 tons full load displacement, compilers 21, is powered by two MTU diesel units, two propellers, the maximum speed of 25 knots, cruising range 3,000 nautical miles / 12. "Skin in the" number of carrier-based weapons is very simple, only one M242-type 25 mm cannon and two 12.7 mm machine guns.

As the construction of 21 new patrol boats, "skin in the" No of course need to reflect the "characteristics of the times", for example: shape has some stealth features; superstructure with a fully enclosed structure, which has better ability of anti-wave; can carry two new rigid inflatable boat, the back deck by installing a special crane quickly cast into the water. The rigid inflatable boats and U.S. Navy pilot in the "Spartan Scout" unmanned patrol / attack craft of the same hull and, therefore, means "skin in the" No. Maybe you can bring your "Spartan Scout . " The above characteristics, seems to be a new coastal patrol boat navy Oceania's gender. Also worth noting is that since the "skin in" was accompanied in the supply ships across the oceans to Qingdao, which means "Armidale" class was small and although called "coast patrol," but At least in theory, have to go to distant exotic shore patrol and maritime counter-terrorism, the potential for anti-piracy and other tasks.

Parade held in the sea a few days before the April 17, 2009, with New Zealand at the Oceania received the Navy shore patrol craft their latest a first boat, "Rotoiti" No, three follow-up boats - "Hawea," No, "Pukaki" number and "Taupo" was also in the weeks after the formal delivery of New Zealand Navy. This four patrol boats will be multi-functional ship "Canterbury" number and the other two coastal patrol ships, together constitute the second tier of New Zealand Navy's new building program - "protection plan."

"Rotoiti" No length of 55 meters, full load displacement of 340 tons, two MAN diesel engines for the power system, dual-propeller, the maximum speed of 25 knots, cruising range 3,000 nautical miles / 12. Although bigger than "skin in the" number is somewhat larger, but "Rotoiti" No fire was still weak so that only three 12.7 mm machine guns. In other areas, "Rotoiti" was in terms of appearance and performance parameters with the "skin in" was very similar, with stealth characteristics, including shape, fully closed structure of the superstructure and the deck of the boat after.



New Zealand Navy "Rotoiti" No. coastal patrol

Either Australia or New Zealand, currently there is no real threat at sea, not even potential. New Zealand Navy, even in its absolute main "Anzac" class frigates are not installing anti-ship missiles, air defense missiles, only a mere 8. Therefore, the implementation of the two naval ships patrolling the main task is routine to deal with a variety of other sea emergencies and low-intensity confrontation or conflict, and as part of multinational fleet military operations overseas, with almost no power opponents the opportunity to experience. And because Australia and New Zealand's population and the corresponding expenditures are relatively limited, but is has a long coastline, vast territorial waters and exclusive economic zones and numerous offshore islands, island territories, so the two navies are often "guest" to play Coast Guard the role of team (New Zealand Navy's "protector plan" is typical). As Australia and New Zealand naval vessels in the smallest, and its main function is to patrol the coast in the territorial waters and exclusive economic zone reflects the presence of its naval forces, while responsible for a variety of trivial daily service job, endurance and resistance to wind and wavesstrong performance of these boats have become the most important common characteristic: a certain degree of stealth characteristics and can be equipped with rigid inflatable boat said to be "popular nowadays elements", fire the weakening of the minimum can be implemented into a blocked shot gun warning gun. Perhaps this is some of the article called "gunboat has been by the 'offshore battleship' into a 'sea of Jeeps'" the "trend." However, this may not be universally applicable common law.

Offshore in the Dreadnought

- Southeast Asia patrol / escort boats and other

The rich resources of the South China Sea like a huge magnet for every Southeast Asian country, and naval forces is the Southeast Asian countries to fight for a say in the South China Sea affairs, as well as Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in an important bargaining chip to get one of higher status. Southeast Asia Navy patrol ship in disputed waters of the daily confrontation or friction events have occurred, countries patrol / escort boats are particularly affected. Same with other countries in order to ship a possible outbreak of conflict between the occupied "advantage", Southeast Asian countries patrol / escort boats all have a considerable degree of firepower, so far behind similar countries in Oceania.



Republic of Singapore Navy "Fearless" class corvettes


Singapore Navy's "Fearless" level (the name is reminiscent of the year on the big ship artillery) corvettes, for example, the boat reached 500 tons full load displacement, the use of jet propulsion, speed 20 knots, ship-based weapons, including an Austrian Tome 76 mm compact gun Leila, four 12.7 mm machine guns, "Sinbad" air defense missile system and the "old age" anti-submarine torpedoes, also equipped for sea / air search radar, sonar and electronic surveillance / no source of interference with equipment.Vietnam Navy also has a full load displacement of 365 tons two escort boats, the use of three propeller, maximum speed of up to 30 knots, fire configuration includes an AK176-type 76 mm gun, a 30 mm multi-barrel AK630-type and Su Shebao SA-N-10 air defense missile system, also equipped with a sea / air search radar and passive jamming equipment. Since the late 80s to the beginning of this century, Indonesia's navy has built a number of successive levels of corvettes, are 57 mm Bofors Mk2 gun-type gun, one of which is also equipped with two 533 mm torpedo tubes . In addition, Thailand also bought dozens of ships and construction equipment 奥托梅莱拉 compact 76 mm 40 mm Bofors gun and patrol auxiliary guns.

Greece in the 90s of last century but also built two four corvettes, each with a 奥托梅莱拉 compact 76 mm 40 mm Bofors gun and auxiliary guns. In addition, Brazil, South Korea, Oman and other countries also have equipment in the naval caliber (40 mm) gun patrol / escort boat.

"Navy gunboat"

- Patrol / escort boat's future

If in accordance with the "ideal" trend, since the missiles are surface ships of the development trend, as "gunboat future generations," the patrol / escort boat, it should play a "sea of the jeep," role as the lower end of the force, reflecting its presence at the same time perform the daily duties of the various types of trivial light vessels. However, in many cases, reality is not always press the "ideal" to occur. "Ideal" line of thinking may not pay attention to one factor - they are "Navy gunboats."



Japan Coast Guard equipment, "Splash Island" was a large guard ship.



U.S. Coast Guard the latest equipment WMSL 750 "Bose Fu" No. "national security vessel."

Say this is because if only play a "sea of Jeeps" role, then the patrol / escort boat should belong to "the Coast Guard," a class of marine garrison troops, not the national navy.Although the Coast Guard in safeguarding national sovereignty and interests also play a big role, but their nature, "Coast Guard" in the mission area and the way is quite limited.This is obviously the U.S. Coast Guard "ship of national security" and the Japan Coast Guard's "Splash Island" was very suitable for large guard-ship of a class of anti-piracy at sea of low intensity tasks, but the United States Ye Hao, Japan was lacking in not send them to the Gulf of Aden of the important reasons (if the Japanese as well as "show strength, to seek the presence in the Indian Ocean Maritime Self-Defense Force" means, that the United States in any case no need for a). The scope of activities of the Navy entirely by its own strength, the final say, if we see a day in some countries to send patrol / escort boat to participate in military operations in Somali waters, but also nothing surprising in the. Australia and New Zealand delivered to the Navy's new coastal patrol boat, not the Coast Guard, in addition to demographic and financial reasons, this may also wish to play a broader role in their consideration.

Since the Navy's ships, and naval combat in a "pyramid" at the bottom, patrol / escort boat will naturally be the most frequently disputed States Navy sent to sea. Sensitive sea area as the most vulnerable in the face of the ships, patrol / escort boat is most likely to lead or participate in low-intensity conflict at sea ship type. On the other hand, in most cases, the parties to such low-intensity conflict at sea will often take a more restrained attitude, few blows this out of the main fleet. Because the conflict in the disputed waters of neighboring countries is often, "the neighbor is not a choice, after the war, still have to live together." But the Navy also gave the parties a solution of the problem is not so easy - once involved in the low-intensity conflict at sea, as far as possible to take advantage of, because if at a disadvantage and may even have no chance to get it back. Under the guidance of the above ideas, we can easily draw the following conclusions: The most likely cause is a low-intensity conflict at sea patrol / escort boat, and such conflicts are often at sea means a more abrupt beginning and end; Well, according to the "best anti-tank weapons are tanks, air defense weapons is the best aircraft, "the idea of extending down the most suitable for Fu Bieguo patrol / guard boats patrolling the weapons is one's own / corvettes. Driven by this idea in most countries patrol / escort boat will not ignore the configuration of firepower, but Russia, Romania and other countries are still using artillery or even the new frigates, known as the "sea in the battleship."



"Spartan Scout" unmanned patrol / attack craft.

In some countries, the navy, patrol / escort boats and even coastal artillery also charged with anti-submarine frigates and "act as a scout for the main fleet," the task. In the foreseeable future, "Fire Scout," a class of unmanned helicopter, similar to "kingfisher" Water armed unmanned aerial vehicles, "Thai fan" and "fire shadow" of the class "missile patrol," "protector" and "Spartan Scout" sort of armed unmanned surface torpedo boats and can carry a lightweight high-tech underwater robot and other equipment will also be applied to these ships. Integration of future high-tech equipment more patrol / escort boats fighting not only not weakened, but will be more enhanced, there may even be fighting not lose the missile corvettes now the "new concept" ships.



People visited the South Korean Navy sank after the "wildcat" class patrol boats, hull covered with bullet holes.




South Korean Navy recently commissioned the "Yin Yong Xia" missile corvettes

In fact, in recent years we have seen at least three sizeable "gunboat battle between": between the DPRK and the ROK Navy, "the Yellow Sea incident" is the Korean Navy will "tank gunboat," the 85 mm tank gun enhancement to 100 mm, so Yin Yong Xia and his command of Major's "wildcat" class patrol boats into South Korean "to commemorate the tragic." As a counterpart, South Korea not only has the Yin major new missile corvettes named, also plans to "Yin Yong Xia" class patrol boats based on the development of new artillery. The next one by the patrol / escort boat and even led naval gun frigate will be staged when and where? This has gone through centuries of ships how could continue to evolve the future? Time will give us the answer.

New submarine base in Vietnam, the training crew to India

Core Tip: Canada's "Han and defense review" revealed that the Navy has recently established Vietnam's Cam Ranh Bay in south-central Vietnam, near the submarine base built, it will accommodate the 6 purchased from the Russian "Kilo" 636-type submarines. Kilo-class submarines to India, Vietnam, on the training of personnel for the future success of the "talent pool."


Data Figure: Vietnam has decided to purchase six Russian "Kilo" class submarine



Data for: Location Nha Trang Vietnam, where land-based air strikes against Chinese forces from the distance, is a relatively safe naval port

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 29 reported that, according to the latest issue of Canada's "Han and defense review" revealed that the Vietnamese Navy, recently identified in central and southern Vietnam, Cam Ranh Bay in the vicinity of the construction of a submarine base, it will hold purchased from Russia, 6 " Kilo "636-type submarines. Well before the arrival of Russian submarines in 2012, the Vietnamese Navy to foster underwater combat power? The BBC quoted the Vietnamese military, media sources speculated that North Korea helped Vietnam is limited submarine warfare force obtained for the future use of more advanced "Kilo" class submarine success of the "talent pool."

Future submarine base set at Nha Trang

According to "Chinese Defense Review," October Road disclosure, the Navy has been identified in central and southern Vietnam, Khanh Hoa province, Nha Trang (Nha Trang) to build a submarine base, it will be the next six Russian "Kilo" submarines home base.

Nha Trang is the capital of Vietnam, Khanh Hoa, 60 km north of the Cam Ranh Bay coast. As a Vietnamese Land prominent part of the South China Sea, Nha Trang and Cam Ranh Bay constitutes an important forward base for the Navy in Vietnam. Reported that 80 of the 20th century, around the Nansha Islands in the more fierce competition, but as a major naval base in Cam Ranh Bay in central and southern Vietnam, has been leased to the Soviet Union, Vietnam, Nha Trang has become so used for Yuejun forward base. Nha Trang is Vietnam was Air Force base for Soviet bombers, -22, and Nha Trang surface ship bound for Hong Kong is the main point of departure in Nansha.

Today, Nha Trang, Vietnam decided to build the Navy submarine base, took a fancy to there location. First of all, there are existing port facilities, easy to deploy submarines.Second, facing the South China Sea, Nha Trang, the geographical importance.Furthermore, the submarine base in the dynamic need for confidentiality, Nha Trang and Cam Ranh Bay is far from "exciting", but with the Cam Ranh Bay adjacent to the strategy is a rare treasure.

With different surface ships, submarines require special ports and terminals, to highlight the hidden undersea warfare, submarine bases generally include specific exit holes underground or offshore. Russia and Vietnam in December last year, reaching sales of 6 "Kilo" submarines in the contract to include the construction of the submarine base in Russia to help the cost of Vietnam.

Personnel training by North Korean submarine

BBC BBC10 3 May, citing media coverage of Vietnam, said Vietnam is using the North Korean submarine "submarine study homework" for the operation of six advanced Russian submarines do reserve personnel.

BBC quoted the contents of the mainstream media, mainly from Vietnam, "Youth Daily", the newspaper reporter has in-depth interview with a base in central and southern Vietnam, he was stationed in the base of the Pier 96 mission saw several vessels on the mini-submarines, and the regiment belongs to Vietnam, "top military secrets."

"Youth" reporter in the article referred to himself in the tour "can be only two steps from the door under the cross to the submarine room", other details are vague. However, according to the details and Vietnam before Jane's Navy tracking dynamic, BBC reports concluded that the Vietnamese reporters to visit Vietnam in 1997 purchased from North Korea "salmon" class mini-submarine, the submarine was sunk by South Korea as in March of this year "Heaven," ship killer. As for the 96 groups mentioned in the report, had never seen in the media, there may be Yuejun for the formation of "Kilo" submarine fleet and the establishment of training units. Although the North Korean mini-submarine performance and a far cry from a large submarine, but the basic structure and operational procedures similar, the mission group of 96 North Korean submarine training may be through a number of submarine personnel.

From the current situation in Vietnam with the training of submarine personnel of multinational forces, in addition to North Korea and Russia, India to get involved.According to India "Sify" News disclosed under the auspices of Russia, India, Vietnam has received dozens of students active in the Indian Navy, "Kilo" submarines with 877 practice, allegedly went to the Russian soldiers will take the Vietnamese boat submarines, direct the "Kilo" class open return.


There are a number around the submarine base in the South China Sea

In recent years, some Southeast Asian countries to develop submarine, a submarine base there are a number around the South China Sea, showing submarine crowding together of the situation. Malaysia has two laws made "scorpion" class submarines deployed to bases in Klang for the South China Sea, Indonesia, South Korea is actively seeking to help restore two Type 209 submarines from Germany's fighting power, and to help renovate the submarine base in Surabaya. Singapore also has access to vessels in Sweden, "Saul door" class submarines, deployed in the Changi base. Japan, "Asahi Shimbun" analysis said that in the context of economic development, the South China Sea began working around the Southeast Asian countries increased submarine strength. Associate Professor, University of New South Wales, Australia Andrew said: "In Southeast Asian countries have tried to improve by enhancing the strength of the submarine force political negotiations."

U.S. media said the PLA had six artillery division, the number of the world's third gun

Core Tip: U.S. Global Strategic Network on the 24th field artillery forces in China were analyzed, not only that China has surpassed the Russian artillery, but also in Western countries generally prepared to cancel the case of division artillery, the Chinese military continues to increase its investment in the artillery , created a uniquely Chinese artillery forces.


Data Figure: PLA PLZ-05 155mm self-propelled howitzer units

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 29 reported that 24 U.S. Global Strategic Network published an article on China's analysis of field artillery forces, that China has not only exceeded the Russian artillery, but also in Western countries generally prepared to cancel the case of the artillery division, China Artillery continued to increase military investment and build the strength of a artillery unique to China.

Global Strategic Network article called "respect China's 17,000 reasons." The report quoted the International Institute of Strategic Studies in London reported that the number of Chinese field artillery system, the third biggest in Russia and North Korea immediately after. It is estimated that the number of artillery systems in China more than 17,700 units, at least 56 species. In contrast, the U.S. military only 10 artillery pieces, number of 8137 sets. In theory, Russia and North Korea have a greater number of field artillery, but the capital investment in China is undoubtedly more than artillery both countries, "China has a probably the world's largest and most powerful effects of combat artillery unit. "The Russian artillery lack of personnel control, the Korean artillery is more outdated, lack of maintenance, combat power is doubtful.

Reported that from the Korean War, China has gradually developed into artillery power.At present, China uses mostly Russian-made artillery gun variant, but it also developed its own system. For example, the use of GPS guided WS-2 rocket system, the use of cluster munitions, a maximum range of 200 km. WS-3 rocket launcher using a variety of guidance system, a range of over 300 km, the cost is much lower than in the U.S. similar equipment.

Global Strategic Network also noted that the Chinese military is the world's artillery division has prepared a small number of troops. In addition to China, Russia and the DPRK have maintained artillery division of the establishment. Artillery division in a time of war for the first time, responsible for operations in large organizations, a large-scale battle of artillery support. In Western countries, the preparation of artillery division now defunct. U.S. Field Artillery division has long been a strength of 10 combat divisions below the U.S. Army has its own division of the artillery detachments.

Global Strategic Network that currently China has six artillery division, division artillery in wartime operational plans can be developed, will need to support rapid deployment of artillery combat area. 1 China Army artillery division deployed near the Taiwan Strait, is the best-equipped, fire one of the strongest forces. Global strategic networks that China's artillery units also have the "anti-artillery" ability to detect enemy artillery positions in the radar position.


Article, since there has been artillery in the previous play an important role in the war.However, with the precision-guided weapons, the role of artillery began to give way to precision strike cruise missiles. Especially the gun combat is often a huge collateral damage, it is their war on guns in the possible role of the future is full of doubt. Overall, the FA's position in the armed forces has declined.

An unnamed military experts, "Global Times" reporter that occurred in the world in recent years, several regional wars, the major military powers of the military is a war between the weak, artillery limited. If the future of a major state of war, guns will continue to play an important role on the battlefield. In fact, the U.S. military did not ease the development of artillery, field artillery from the military point of view the future development plan, the artillery arms has become a priority and will be the coordination of fire support battlefield, "general director", play an independent implementation of the "firepower" the fire support role in the rising status in the Army.

Russian military successfully test-fired three intercontinental ballistic missile

Core Tip: 28 October, Russia successfully launched three intercontinental ballistic missiles of different tests, these three tests are the strategic arsenals of conventional tests.


Data Figure: Russian SS-N-23 "boat" submarine-launched ballistic missile



Data Figure: SS-N-18 "Stingray" submarine-launched ballistic missile

China Defense Science and Technology Information Network October 29, according to U.S. Defense News reported Oct. 28, 2010 reported on October 28, Russia successfully launched three intercontinental ballistic missiles of different tests, these three experiments are the strategic arsenals of conventional test.


First test for the "Topol" (Topol) RS-12M missile, missile from Russia's northern Plesetsk launch center, and fall to the Kamchatka Peninsula, a designated area. Topol intercontinental ballistic missile range of 10,000 km, first tested in 1983, 1988, officially listed the former Soviet Union installed nuclear arsenal, the original design life of 10 years.

After the Russian forces in the northern waters from the two fired two intercontinental ballistic missile nuclear submarines, the first one for the P-29P (RSM-50) missile with a range of 6500 km, 50 meters from the submarine underwater. A few minutes later and from the Barents Sea military launched a "boat" (Sineva). Installed in 2007 out of the Russian missile arsenal in 2008, record the maximum range of 11,547 kilometers.

According to a Defense Department spokesman, the three successful test "to prove the high quality of the Russian missile strategic nuclear forces and the country's combat capability."

Premier: China-Vietnam relations on the South China Sea is essential

Core Tip: 28, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Meets with Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung in Hanoi, said that to properly handle South China Sea on the maintenance of healthy and stable development of Sino-Vietnam relations is essential.Wen said China and Vietnam has been established between the South China Sea dispute negotiation mechanism, hope for an early signing of the sea on the guidance to solve the problem of the more basic principles of the agreement. Nguyen Tan Dung agreed.


October 16, 2009, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao met in Chengdu to attend the Tenth China International Fair and the Second Western Western China International Cooperation Forum opening ceremony of the Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung.

International Online October 29 reported on 28 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Meets with Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung in Hanoi, said that to properly handle South China Sea on the maintenance of healthy and stable development of Sino-Vietnam relations is essential.

Wen said China and Vietnam has been established between the South China Sea dispute negotiation mechanism, hope for an early signing of the sea on the guidance to solve the problem of the more basic principles of the agreement. Nguyen Tan Dung agreed.


Wen pointed out that China and Vietnam established diplomatic relations 60 years ago, friendship and cooperation is the mainstream. In the current complicated international situation, the Asian pattern of profound adjustments in the background, and Vietnam relations have maintained healthy and stable development of both countries and the region is essential. The more China is ready to maintain high-level contacts, strengthen consultation and mutual trust, properly handle differences, maintain, and promote common interests.

Wen said China and Vietnam to make joint efforts towards an early sign the "Sino-Vietnam economic and trade cooperation in five-year development plan", and comprehensively promote the pragmatic cooperation, and gradually form a balanced, sustainable development, trade relations, to further strengthen bilateral cultural exchanges and promote friendship for generations and Vietnam.

Nguyen Tan Dung said Vietnam attaches great importance to the development of Vietnam-China comprehensive strategic partnership, take this as a priority foreign policy, the more willing to work with China to maintain high-level visits and friendly exchanges at various levels, enhance mutual political trust; to deepen economic, trade, agriculture, investment, infrastructure facilities, news, exchanges and cooperation in the fields of communications; strengthen coordination and cooperation in regional affairs, to maintain the peace in East Asia and promote common development and make positive contributions.

International Atomic Energy Agency to help Myanmar, the former officials said the North Korean-made nuclear weapons

Core Tip: Robert Kelly International Atomic Energy Agency said yesterday that former officials of Myanmar's secret nuclear weapons work could substantially benefit from the assistance of North Korea. He said that progress in Myanmar, its nuclear program is not smooth, but if North Korea to join, the plan may accelerate development.


Data Figure: Swedish journalist Lintner in Korea, "Korea Herald" published an article that he made a number taken in 2003 to 2006 photos, showing North Korean experts to assist the Myanmar military government built tunnel.

China Defense Science and Technology Information Network reported on October 29, according NTI site October 27, 2010 International Atomic Energy Agency reported Robert Kelly said yesterday that former officials of Myanmar's secret nuclear weapons work may materially benefit from the Korean assistance.


Opposition groups, "the voice of democracy in Burma," a report in June, claimed control of Burma's military government has begun preliminary work to develop nuclear weapons. The report is based on former officers from the military government to provide photos and documents. Burma has denied these allegations.

In view of these documents Kelley said after the record revealed the country's "secret nuclear program."

He was at an event in Bangkok, said: "This is not a well developed plan. I think it's progress is not good. But if another country involved, and this country have all the knowledge, materials, and on being disturbed Some of their things (including the poor management) solution, then this could really speed up the development plan. "

He said North Korea "is no doubt in my heart that" may provide such assistance. Some people suspect that Pyongyang's nuclear activities has been provided to Myanmar assistance.

Three humility of Mao Zedong

In the history of our Party, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai had three humility in again and again the importance of Mao Zedong pushed the party leadership posts and even the top leadership positions in that arduous country, one in the revolutionary war, this leadership is the leadership of humility, is Let Yin, Jian Yin. Particularly valuable is that of Zhou Enlai and humility is not a negative dodge Liaotiao Zi flee, but an active assistance and support. It was a great learning each leading cadre.



 Mao Zedong's military power to restore a

Mao Zedong on Jinggangshan the beginning of the party is "left" putschism developed to its peak period. November 1927 expansion of the Central Political Bureau meeting of the provisional dismissal of Mao Zedong made the decision of the Politburo alternate member, who was ordered to convey the decision to dismiss also misrepresented as the party of Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong led the party for a while reduced to a "democrat."
February 1929 when he was secretary of the Central Political Bureau Standing Committee and Central Military Commission, Zhou Enlai, in the Fourth Red Army not know much about the case, wrote a letter to Mao Zedong, called the "letter in February."Mao Zedong's "letter in February," the criticism and decided to defend their case. He replied that "the central force of objective circumstances and subjective estimates are too pessimistic" and stressed that the current situation, Zhu and Mao should not be away from the troops. Always open-minded, never subordinate commanders with an open mind and respect the views of frontline Zhou Enlai, Mao Zedong, after reading the letter, and immediately realized that he drafted the "February Letter" does have many drawbacks. He made a self-criticism in the Politburo meeting, agreed with Zhu, Mao did not leave the Red Army. Then have the party in the history of the famous "September letter." He left here about to return from holding the hand of Chen Yi, solemnly told him: "to ask for reinstatement of Mao Zedong, still acts as secretary of the Fourth Red Army Front Committee, to convene a meeting of the party, unity of thinking, distinguish right from wrong and make a decision." Mao Zedong So get rid of bad luck, the Fourth Red Army became "Zhu Mao Hongjun", thus ending a crisis within the military.
Mao Zedong's reinstatement, immediately repair the central book. The letter enlivened his comeback joy. This Mao Zedong as "too proud", ride Gannan move, but also have the opportunity to the subsequent establishment of the Red Army defeated the Governing Committee appointed. "To the Red Army in the" party "to" political commissar "Zhou Enlai in the" Nine letter dated "in the proposal. From then on," Mao on behalf of "will be renamed as" Mao members of "the.

Second, to Mao Zedong's comeback

In early 1931, the auspices of the Communist International on behalf of the CPC in Shanghai, Mif Fourth Plenary Session. Exclusion due to Wang Ming Zhou, was demoted to the Soviet Central Council as secretary. Zhou Enlai at the end of 1931 to the capital city of Ruijin Dasu area, with impunity just be the first to see the "high intensity" criticism of Mao Zedong.
Prior to the Dasu area because of Zhou Enlai in Shanghai sent a three-member "delegation of the Fourth Plenary Session" to Soviet "correction." This is the party in the history of three famous "three groups." Them as poor prison minister ", in October 1931 in Southern meeting between Mao Zedong launched the" high intensity "criticism of him wearing three hats:" narrow empiricism "," rich peasant line "and "Right opportunism has always been serious." session to cancel the Red Army commander, political commissar of the total decisions on behalf of their organizations, centralized and unified all the forces, led by Zhu De in the Soviet Central Military Commission. November, the First Congress of the Central Soviet Area further withdrawal of the Soviet Central Bureau acting secretary of Mao Zedong's office. However, due to the influence of Mao Zedong in the Soviet area, in the Soviet "big" when the Chinese Soviet Republic was proclaimed by the Constitution drafted in Shanghai, "Outline", the election of President Mao Zedong. "Chairman Mao," said the resulting, the continued life. Mao Zedong in the Soviet party, the duties within the military have been deprived of Soviet Party and the army was still shrouded in a crisis. This is Zhou Enlai to the zone face Dasu crisis.
Zhou Enlai was fixed in the soldier Gan chow eating a piece of "iron bones" when sending items to please call the British disease "leisure" more than 50 days of Mao Zedong. Although this is not Mao expected, but he heard "Comrade Enlai you down" and "急急如律令", they ignored the rain He Zizhen to a longer follow his advice, braved the pouring rain down the mountain.
However, Shanghai still approved the Provisional Central time, Mao Zedong, still insists that no set of three Li Li. They criticized the three calls against "encirclement and suppression" of the strategy is completely wrong, is the "guerrilla-ism", is the current "great danger." Central Bureau for repeated Soviet Red Army to serve as Zhou Enlai, general political commissar of the proposal, Zhou Enlai also repeatedly re-power the main restore some of Mao political commissar for the Red Army general position, so that "confused bulls command

 
, And the Chairman of the Government nothing. Mao Zedong's experience and strengths, must make his development ", stressing that" there Zedong, possibly by direct fit ", I urge the Central Council to reconsider the front view. Chou En-lai's insistence on Mao barely been restored to office.


Three for the overall leadership of Mao Zedong


Long March, Zhou Enlai, three times at three levels, three meetings will push the whole army of Mao Zedong's leadership: the first two to prepare for the Zunyi Meeting, the Zunyi Conference was the inevitable result of these meetings are For Zhou's intention.December 12, 1934 in Hunan, Guangxi, the channel side of the county held a "flight meeting" one by one enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission, known as "channel meeting." Zhou Enlai, meeting in the channel with the Red Army to avoid the enemy five times in my battle, thus avoiding the risk of military destruction.
December 18, 1934, three days rest in Liping Zhou Enlai to seize the opportunity, even more significant convened a Politburo meeting. Reid insisted the idea of north western Hunan, arguing fiercely, angrily Zhou Enlai to the table a film, lantern on the table jumped up, the lights are off, this has always been arrogant to Li quells. Zhou Enlai played the role of the presiding officer, once again rejected Reid's false claims, decided to adopt the views of Mao Zedong, the Wujiang River Crossing north west through the famous "Liping resolutions of the meeting." Thus, sidelined Li, Mao Zedong and the Red Army once again received the support of the party.
January 7, 1935, the Red Army captured the city of Zunyi, northern Guizhou, where the CPC was held according to schedule a big meeting ---- the most important since the enlarged meeting of the Politburo. Conference made four important decisions: First, the addition of Mao Zedong as the Politburo Standing Committee; Second, abolish the "three groups"; Third, adjust the military command of the division of labor is still the highest military chief Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, the military commander, was "the partycommissioned for the military command responsible for the determination of the upper and lower end, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, who helped the military command "; four, Zhangwentian take over Bogut overall responsibility for the party. Mao Zedong once said of He Zizhen: "At that time win the support of Zhou Enlai, very important, if not agree with Zhou Enlai, the Zunyi Meeting is not open up." Zunyi Meeting, the forces of a departure, met the enemy entrenched in a stronghold of a division, we discussion of how to do. Most advocates fight, Mao Zedong believed that playing to suffer, both fierce dispute, Mao is also anxious, threatened to fight if we insist, that the Front political commissar I quit! Wentian seeing Mao to Liaotiao Zi, has an urgent, then said: "You quit, to quit it!" Hearing this, Mao Zedong, then sped away.
Mao Zedong's thought he has gone away, people will change their minds. Unexpectedly, people actually withdraw his hands through the duties of the Front political commissar.Go back to a thought of Mao Zedong: "A little leak will sink a great ship," do not feel right, then middle of the night carrying a lantern to look for Zhou Enlai, Zhou Enlai, the command temporarily to the pressure on, or think about recurrence. Do not agree with Zhou Enlai was also a crucial time to go, so not too busy to issue attack orders. He agreed with the views of Mao Zedong. Another meeting the next morning when we finally convinced. Mao Zedong is still the Front when his political commissar. In view of the discussion group can not adapt to the vagaries of military operational deployment situation, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, then proposes to restore to the "three groups."
Politburo agreed to by Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Wang Jiaxiang formation of a new three-person groups, and led by Mao. Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong said, laughing aloud: "This is good, and will want to make more of a victory!" Mao looked so excited to see Zhou Yu's decision, the hearts are very touched. Because the new set up three groups, which means the status of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and reversed, and hair is no longer "the military with the help of Comrade Enlai who" and a "commissioned by the party down for the final determination of the military command responsible for by "the. Zhou Enlai, this is not only not the slightest displeasure, but very pleased, once again struck by Mao Zedong. He felt his own comrades, the comrades, is the real Communists, he had a sort of general like pure jade, crystal, like the general quality of crystal.
Zhou Enlai again and again to defend Mao Zedong elected, especially in the Zunyi Conference and the humility of the support of Mao Zedong, Mao Zedong's revolution in making the journey bumpy one can cross the rugged, as the whole party, army, and laterhas become a great leader of people of all nationalities, allowing him to display their ingenious, and no doubt played a key role.

From the "Global Hawk" look long-endurance UAV

Long-endurance UAV is a highly integrated multiple technologies

"Global Hawk" is typical of long-endurance UAV, which is one of the main types of UAVs. The so-called long-endurance aircraft, the performance is outstanding endurance. While manned aircraft could do a great range and endurance, and can use the autopilot to reduce pilot stress, can also be configured to carry out positive and negative drivers take turns driving, but the problem of pilot fatigue is still an objective existence . So UAV has long been seen as a long-endurance aircraft, a suitable choice, you can easily perform the task more than 12 hours long. Once the abolition of the pilot, related equipment can be canceled, thus greatly reducing the weight of the aircraft, such as oxygen would not take, and need not set the pressurized cabin, environmental control system only need to consider equipment requirements. Manned reconnaissance aircraft and pilots to bear the risk of loss, once the pilot has been killed or captured in the politically sensitive, such as the year in the U-2 was shot down over the Soviet Union and Cuba. Long-endurance UAV biggest challenge is to control, through the autopilot and flight path by default, unmanned reconnaissance aircraft reconnaissance is easy to perform simple tasks, but the lack of the ability of pilots to act according to circumstances significantly worse. If you want to achieve remote control during the flight, it is necessary to establish remote communication with the UAV capability. Long-endurance unmanned reconnaissance aircraft appears to be simple, but involves two areas of aerospace and aviation, is the automatic control technology, sensor technology, satellite communications technology, the highly integrated.


Figure: U-2 pilots must wear spacesuits in the high-altitude near-compensatory services, long-endurance flight of the working conditions are very strong

UAV and the remote control model must not be a simple analogy

Unmanned aircraft and remote control model airplanes can not equate, because the remote control model aircraft are generally in line of sight remote control operator to achieve the hand-eye coordination, that is, at the same time seeing the aircraft manual remote control, remote delay is very small, and the people machine communication is usually a simple simulation, and no data acquisition and data telemetry problems. The long-endurance UAV to perform remote reconnaissance missions or even continental, with great communication distance between the ground stations, the general need to relay through satellite data link transmission control instruction includes not only content, but also a variety of flight parameters and equipment parameter, control staff can not directly feel the actual aircraft flight, can only rely on the various parameters displayed on the console similar to the control of instrument flight. Although the UAV remote control is now more mature, but the emergency response capacity, after all, a huge gap between manned mainly machine complex autonomous flight control system for disposal of the ability of emergency situations is still very limited, ground control and with delay, the United States UAV has the world's largest fleet, the largest number of controllers, the most abundant practical experience, but also lost a lot of mistakes because of UAV operations. So now the United States is developing more intelligent UAV autonomy, for example, damaged or broken wing case of a sudden, rapid, and aircraft flight attitude of perceived changes in the state, and quickly switch to the control law corresponding to come.


Figure: RQ-4 installed in the nose fairing huge dish antenna installed, mainly for remote communication by satellite relay

Why do long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle using a long straight-wing

From the overall layout point of view, almost all of the long-endurance aircraft have adopted large aspect ratio straight wing, this wing is clearly not suitable for high-speed flight, but in the low state but has a high lift-drag ratio, and very suitable for high altitude.Common in high aspect ratio straight wing glider, from the Lockheed Skunk Works Kelly Johnson, the hands of the U-2, then it is called a jet engine mounted glider. At this point, "Global Hawk" and the U-2 is not essentially different, but the U-2 and the "Global Hawk" aircraft, after all, two times, and in the wing structure, a huge difference. U-2 was born in the early 50s a very small amount of composite materials, and to the "Global Hawk" a substantial increase in the amount of composite material, widely used in the wing of carbon fiber / epoxy material, not only to reduce the weight of the wing also improve the stiffness, and to the RQ-4B Block 40 the whole machine to further improve the amount of composite materials. However, due to "Global Hawk" in the wings too long, and its structural weight or more than 1.5 tons, RQ-4B wing after amplification of 10% is reached 1.8 tons, the weight of the whole machine structure is accounted for in a high proportion. It is worth mentioning that, "Global Hawk" in this piece of the wing is known, Department of Plant, by the Vought Aircraft plant in Dallas, Northrop in the early 90s, when used in conjunction with the company through the acquisition of the Carlyle consortium Although sold in 2000 pushed it back to the Carlyle, but the business relationship was never interrupted.


Figure: RQ-4 and RQ-4B differences, which further extended the wing, increasing

RQ-4A's wingspan 35.41 meters, RQ-4B was further increased to 39.8 m, compared with U-2 series, each model must be large. U-2 parked on the ground and roll to support the wings when, under the wing of the left and right set to abandon support of a wheel.The "Global Hawk" you do not need such a design, good rigidity when the wing droop ground parking is not obvious. However, "Global Hawk" is not as deliberate as the U-2 high-altitude performance of the pursuit, although the weight is smaller by nearly half, but Allison Rolls - Royce AE3007H turbofan engine can only provide 31.4 kN of thrust, U-2 over the J57 or the F118 is much smaller, largely a practical ceiling limit and the maximum ceiling. "Global Hawk" in the normal height of 20,000 meters detect the following, U-2 is even worse than a few kilometers. This is mainly because in the case of surface to air missile has been popular, simply increase the flight altitude has been unable to guarantee the safety of the plane. Although the RQ-4B wing to increase by 10%, but mainly used to load from 2,000 pounds (908 kg) up to 3000 pounds (1362 kg), the use of ceiling is still subject to human control. But the 60,000 feet (18,288 meters) altitude reconnaissance, civil aircraft than the normal cruising altitude is still twice as high.

Higher fuel loads and more fuel-efficient engines coefficient

To ensure long-endurance flight of the other elements is to improve the fuel load factor.In fact, the crazy 80's designer Burt Rutan in the design of the 20th century, "navigator" (Voyager) plane, in order to achieve the epic flight around the world without refueling, on the use of extremely high fuel load factor, the aircraft maximum takeoff weight of more than 72% of fuel. "Global Hawk" also adopted a similar design, but the absence of restrictions on pilots, it can carry more fuel. The fuel capacity of 6.5 tons, containing about 63% of the oil factor, although the ratio of "navigator" is smaller by almost 10 percentage points, but considering that as a reconnaissance aircraft to carry large amounts of equipment, so this is very fuel load factor high. Current air refueling technology also automatically improve the process, so "Global Hawk" is not equipped with appropriate equipment, but in order to further improve the endurance and range, the future is likely to give the United States, "Global Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicles like the air refueling capability to increase . Once you have such a capacity, "Global Hawk" is expected to stay more than 3 days in the air, on the theater's all-weather monitoring further developments.


Image: 1986 "Voyager" and the 2004 "Global Flyer", and they are Burt Rutan designed long-endurance aircraft

In order to make more effective use of fuel, "Global Hawk" with a high-performance small turbofan engine. AE3007 is a commercial engine, not only with the "Global Hawk", and also used in very hot Embraer's ERJ145, mount this engine Cessna other civil machine also includes "certificates" X business jet, From the mid-90s in use since more than 2,000 units have been installed, is a very reliable engine, its fuel economy is also very good. AE3007H be used not only for military-type high thrust, and some optimization of high-altitude work, and in order to meet the "Global Hawk" in the single power configuration and more than 24 hours of flight time, reliability has been further reinforced with Elementium. In the aerodynamic layout and high fuel loads under the guarantee, RQ-4A of the maximum range of up to 25,945 km, autonomous flight time of up to 41 hours, you can complete the transcontinental flight. From the emitter in the range of 5556 kilometers activities in the target area at 60,000 feet over the 24-hour stay. April 22, 2001, "Global Hawk" from the United States completed a transoceanic flight to Australia initiative, showing a very strong intercontinental reconnaissance capabilities and self-deployment capability.

Domestic long-endurance UAV requirements are not clear

In recent years, "Global Hawk" and "Predator" / "Reaper" unmanned aerial vehicle can be described as bright, has become a model for long-endurance UAV, the former is mainly used for reconnaissance and surveillance, which has been used on the battlefield against The two complement each other, in Afghanistan and Iraq have a very good performance. Germany, the United States began major allies to key export "Global Hawk", particularly plans to neighbors such as Japan and South Korea deployed around China, it caused a national awareness and tense, is suggested to develop China's own long-endurance unmanned machine. National Day military parade in 60 years on display at the short-and medium-range two-made unmanned aerial vehicles, but from the "Global Hawk" Obviously the gap is very poor. Apart from surveillance systems aside, only "Global Hawk" UAV platform-level research, for there is great difficulty for domestic, but the most important thing is lack of demand.

U.S. global strategy for long-endurance UAV's demand is very urgent, it should be emphasized that the "Global Hawk" is the main task of monitoring rather than detection, similar to the early secret U-2 spy missions have been cross-border reconnaissance satellites replaced by "Global Hawk" If you were shot down in the cross-border reconnaissance will be a diplomatic dispute. "Global Hawk" is the most used area in Iraq and Afghanistan, and these two regions are long-term real long-term war zone, "Global Hawk" for surveillance task is no problem, but also Iraq and Afghanistan approved by the Government. However, if the "Global Hawk" direct cross-border reconnaissance Iran problem, the use of bound very cautious, to bear the increased risk of tension in the Gulf region. Although Pakistan is the ally of the U.S. global war on terror, but the "Global Hawk" on the Pakistan-Afghanistan border tribal areas to conduct reconnaissance, also gain the consent of the Palestinian side (although unlikely to oppose.)


Figure: RQ-4C BAMS can be used for maritime surveillance, but similar models may not be the best choice for China

If China developed a 24-hour levels of long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, used in any place is obviously a big problem. Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea does have air monitoring requirements, but this region does not need much time to conduct all-weather surveillance aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles using the 12-hour level is acceptable, the main level is the 12-hour load of the aircraft small. On the whole, ocean surveillance ship + helicopter + fixed-wing aircraft, land and water seems to be more expensive configuration, and monitoring capacity to form faster. On the mainland, the three north vast territory, particularly in Northwest China in particular, but the border is a very urgent need within 24 hours of class UAV also an issue. Over the past 20 years, China has participated in international peacekeeping operations in Somalia over the past three years, also participated in joint anti-piracy escort, for this sea area 24 hours surveillance may be a better level of UAV application stage, but the area like thisjust does not seem to be too. From external demand, China does have a number of friendly countries, long-endurance UAV use some of the practical needs, but this demand can not be overestimated.

Korean demilitarized zone between the two countries exchanged fire, no casualties

Core Tip: 29 pm on North Korea in South Korea to China River County, Gangwon-do South Korea post opened fire, South Korea immediately returned fire. Place the two armies fighting the demilitarized zone, the United Nations will investigate whether the violation of the Korean Armistice Agreement.
International reporting online October 29, 29, according to Yonhap reported that South Korea to North Korea afternoon Hwacheon County, Gangwon Province, South Korea post opened fire, South Korea immediately returned fire.


Yonhap quoted South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff official as saying North Korea the same day around 17:26 pm in South Korea to China River County, Gangwon-do South Korea outpost fired two shots, the use of firearms is presumed to be 14.5 mm caliber machine guns, but Han side no casualties. Subsequently, the ROK should fire immediately, with the K-6 machine-guns firing 3 rounds of ammunition, and issued two warnings.

South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff official said South Korea has stepped up guard, the DPRK has not yet found a special trend. The official also said the United Nations Command Military Armistice Commission will send a special mission 30 days to investigate whether the DPRK is violating the armistice agreement.

It is reported that the North and South Korea exchanged fire place in the demilitarized zone, the two sides are only separated by 1.2 km from the post.

One of China Tianhe supercomputer processing speed world record

Core Tip: Today, high-performance computers TOP100 Organization issued the top 100 list in 2010, after technology upgrade optimized "Milky One" super-computer system to peak performance per 4,700,000,000,000,000 times, sustained performance per 2507 trillion outstanding performance and then boarding the list.


Data Figure: Milky Way One petaflop supercomputer.

Liberation Army Daily reported Oct. 29 Today, high-performance computers TOP100 Organization issued the top 100 list in 2010, after technology upgrade optimized "Milky Way One" super computer system to peak performance 4700000000000000 times per second, continuous 2507000000000000 times per second performance superior performance and then boarding the list. According to experts, "Milky Way One" operation 1 hour, equivalent to calculate the country's 13 million people while more than 340 years, the performance of this operation has broken the current world supercomputer processing speed record.

"Milky Way One" is a commitment to the State University of Defense Technology 863, "a petaflop high-performance computer systems development" achieved a major landmark research project results. School in close cooperation with the Tianjin Binhai New Area, in September last year for the development of peak performance times per second 1206000000000000's first petaflop supercomputer system, and independently developed in China from the one hundred trillion times supercomputer to petaflop leaps and bounds. China has since become the world after the United States to a second petaflop supercomputer developed countries.


"Milky One," a system was successfully developed, the National Defense University in Tianjin Binhai New Area in accordance with the agreement, started to install the deployment of follow-up, while a system is a key technology upgrades and integrated performance optimization, independently developed large scale integrated circuit chips 3, 4 class node machine, 2 sets of the network, 15 printed circuit boards, and the operating system, build system, parallel program development environment and scientific visualization system, to achieve a series of new The major technological breakthrough. Compared with the first phase, not only computing speed has been significantly improved and some self-developed by the National Defense Science, "the FT -1000" central processor, began to achieve localization of key components.

After the upgrade of the "Milky Way One" by the 140 cabinets, covering about 700 square meters, with high autonomy, high performance, energy efficiency, high security and ease of use and other notable features, integrated technology into the ranks of the current world leader.

U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton reiterated that Diaoyu Island for Japan-US Security Treaty

Core Tip: U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Japanese Foreign Minister Maehara recently held talks in Hawaii. On the Diaoyu Islands issue, Clinton said: "I would like to clearly reiterate that the Senkaku (Chinese name: Diaoyu Islands) security treaty is the scope of Article 5. We attach importance to the obligation to protect the Japanese people." And the former Japanese foreign minister responded that the principle: "be the inspiration. "


Hillary Clinton and U.S. Secretary of State Maehara Japanese Foreign Minister held talks in Hawaii.



Hillary Seiji forward a set of model trains as a complimentary gift.



Maehara to the Pacific National Memorial Cemetery flowers.

Global Times - World Wide Web on Oct. 28 reported that U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Japanese Foreign Minister Maehara recently held talks in Hawaii. At a joint news conference after the two sides to the so-called rumors of the Chinese Rare Earth exports stagnated agreed that, should seek to diversify sources of supply of rare earth.Clinton also said that the Diaoyu Islands, "the provisions of the United States and Japan are obligations to defend the" Japan-US Security Treaty, "the application of Article 5 of the object."


According to Kyodo News on October 28, the United States during the talks the two sides may strengthen the Japan-US alliance, and the relocation of Futenma Air Station in Okinawa to the wild side of Nago City, the ancient principle of the region was confirmed. Clinton also expressed RE: "If the over-reliance on one source of supply, the occurrence of disasters such as the supply situation will be interrupted. Around the world should be looking for more sources of supply." Maehara said: "China is not only appropriate to rely on. Japanese and U.S. will work closely with the resources to carry out multi-directional diplomacy."

In addition to the Diaoyu Islands issue, Clinton said: "I would like to clearly reiterate that the Senkaku (Chinese name: Diaoyu Islands) security treaty is the scope of Article 5. We attach importance to the obligation to protect the Japanese people." Principles before the Japanese foreign minister responded that: "inspired by."

Prior to the Chinese Foreign Ministry has repeatedly stressed that the Diaoyu Islands are Chinese territory since ancient times, Japan-US Security Treaty as a bilateral arrangement and should not harm the interests of third parties, including China, the Diaoyu Islands into any of the words and deeds of the scope of the treaty are absolutely unacceptable to the Chinese people.

U.S. media accused China of increasing ocean surveillance ship, increasing the tension surrounding

Core Tip: Sea supervision departments of China recently announced that the next few years will add another 36 ocean surveillance ship, when the rights of maritime forces will be greatly enhanced. Rights for China's normal operations, accused the U.S. media called China "despite the" regional tensions "bent" to increase sea power, and incite Asian countries "to deal with China."


October 26, 2010, China's maritime surveillance system designed law enforcement official the fastest boat, "China Sea monitoring 75" special law enforcement boats out into the South China Sea China Sea Corps supervision.


Global Times reported Oct. 29 cruise in order to further strengthen the enforcement of marine rights, and enhance law enforcement capabilities the National Oceanic Rights cruise, marine supervision departments of China recently announced that the next few years will add another 36 ocean surveillance ship, when the rights of maritime forces willgreatly improved. For the normal rights of action, the U.S. media has to make rash accusations, saying the country "despite the" regional tensions "bent" to increase sea power, and incite Asian countries "to deal with China."

National Public Radio (NPR) 10 月 28 reported that China's "aggressive actions" caused the Asian neighbors, "worried." The report also deliberately sow discord between China and other Asian nations, deliberately stressed the territory of China and these countries, so as to serve the purpose of fuel. The article also quoted the U.S. government's position on the South China Sea, saying the countries of the territorial dispute "will (SCS) of this international strategic transport routes at risk," adding that "once the further escalation of the crisis, the United States will support, including Union countries, including Japan region. "

Three U.S. anti-missile network in Guam to build China's strategic intent to squeeze space

Data Figure: U.S. THAAD anti-missile interceptor missiles
Reporter / Weidong Xu

U.S. forces in the Asia Pacific region as an important bridgehead Guam ships often gathered around the various types of bombers and fighters. Despite this huge military fortress daunting enough, the U.S. military is still spare no effort to strengthen its offensive and defensive capabilities, while China and the DPRK's "missile threat" once again become a ready-made excuse. According to the U.S. "strategy of the page" website reported on October 14, the U.S. military is building bullet-proof bunker of Guam, and strengthen the aircraft, fuel, ammunition supply system and the protection of important equipment, and placed under the three anti-missile network to prevent so-called " China and North Korea's ballistic missile attacks. " However, some analysts pointed out that "North Korea missile threat" is nothing but an excuse for the old tune, the U.S. military deployment to enhance the intention of Guam, is its powerful deterrent to the Asia-Pacific air forces to provide a safe "Eagles Nest."

Missile attacks against North Korea claims to

Reported that the U.S. is not only a massive construction projects in Guam from Okinawa to Guam to accommodate deployment of 8,000 officers and men of the U.S. Marine Corps, also took the opportunity to waste of money (more than 80 billion U.S. dollars) renovation and expansion of existing facilities, mainly strengthen aircraft, fuel, ammunition, supplies and the protection of important equipment. "Strategy Page," the article said, the U.S. military speculation in some cases, military facilities on Guam may face the threat of ballistic missiles in China and Korea. In addition, these initiatives are also in order to "deal with typhoons and earthquakes."

If the reinforcement of infrastructure is the "passive" defensive measures, then the deployment of multi-level models of air defense weapon system is the aggressive "attack-style defense" of the. Reported that Guam will also be upgraded air defense systems, is expected to deploy in one fell swoop by the "Theater High Altitude Area Defense System" (THAAD), "Patriot" missile defense systems and "ground-launched missile of advanced medium range air to air system" (SLAMRAAM) constitute The "high - medium - low" three-tier air defense / missile defense systems. One THAAD missile launcher with 3 sets of equipment, an X-band phased array radar and a set of fire control system, the missile launch is about 6 m, weight 836 kg, can block less than 200 km, 150 km altitude short-or medium-range ballistic missiles, combat range of only 70 km better than the "Patriot" missiles. Another SLAMRAAM system by a fire control radar, a command and control centers and 4-8 Hummer mobile launch platform, whose missile has an effective range of 25 kilometers, can intercept cruise missiles and helicopters. As for cruise missiles, so its mission and THAAD system and the "patriots" like - are in response to Chinese missile.

Asia-Pacific real deterrent to ensure the Air Force

With three anti-missile systems in China and North Korea's ballistic missile defense is clearly an excuse for U.S. troops and rhetoric. Strengthening the defense capability of Guam, in fact, protecting the base of the long-range air power, in order to maintain continuous deterrent capability in Asia Pacific. "Strategy Page," the report said Guam's military facilities include a major Air Force base, one for U.S. military use of the central Pacific port and a base for the Special Operations Command. Air Force Base, which deployed heavy bombers (B-52 "Stratofortress" bomber and the B-2 "ghost" stealth bomber), fighters, tankers and "Global Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicles.

This year in June, a group of U.S. Air Force B-52H bomber from the U.S. mainland-based strategy of North Dakota's Minot Air Force Base, Guam Andersen Air Force Base flew, a 6-month deployment rotation. Publicly threatened the U.S. Air Force, these B-52 bomber is to perform the "deterrent tasks". According to the British, "Flight International" Web site reported on Oct. 15, Air Force equipment, "Global Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicle was on October 7 to take off in Guam for the first time.Allegedly, Anderson Air Force Base, U.S. Air Force will deploy at least three "Global Hawk." Japan's Kyodo News reports pointed out that the Air Force in a bid to monitor Chinese military activity. Thus, the United States placed Guam under the three anti-missile network, can effectively protect their bombers and unmanned aircraft, the Air Force to provide deterrence in the Asia Pacific region to maintain tight safety net.

China's strategic space in the extrusion Italy

Guam, the United States to strengthen the "offensive and defensive capabilities" is not only for the protection of Air Force long-range strike / reconnaissance platforms may also be compressed to China's strategic space. With naval and air base facilities in the continuous improvement, Guam has become the U.S. military in the West Pacific region "strategic outpost." Future, the U.S. can take advantage of Guam's geographical advantage and enhance the ability of military intervention in Asia-Pacific region, China's peripheral security and even a certain degree of interference and threats. Three anti-missile network deployed in Guam, is the direct manifestation of this trend.

Some analysts pointed out that China's development of weapons, including ballistic missiles, including a need for national defense, never take the initiative against other countries. "Threat of Guam," said U.S. military is a self, the purpose is to strengthen the Guam military deployment, maintaining the U.S. military superiority in the Asia Pacific region, the potential suppression of the imaginary opponent.

Chinese naval confidence may be supported by the South China Sea territorial claims increase


Data for: cutting-edge warships the Chinese navy base
British International Institute for Strategic Studies Network October 18 article, the original title: The Chinese Navy's three strategic

People's Liberation Army Navy, more than 2010 took part in the exercises, drills the remote launch capabilities, and represent the country overseas diplomatic visit several times. These positive actions from the Navy's ambitious strategy - to Beijing to enhance its access to energy and territorial disputes with neighboring countries in the diplomatic influence in the service.

As China's military investment will turn the Navy, over the past 20 years of reform and military modernization continues to mature R & D capabilities and military industrial base to become the Navy's weapon. China's current naval strategy includes three: In order to achieve the deterrent purposes of training and exercise, exercise capacity long-range delivery to the port visits and bilateral cooperation as the basis of military diplomacy.

Military exercises

In 2010, the Chinese Navy and the Coast Guard unusual frequency and intensity of exercise. Different from the past, this year's exercise emphasizes battle scenes of "authenticity." Coastal defense, rapid mobilization and remote delivery is the focus of these exercises. Exercises that the Chinese navy submarine, surface and air deployment flexibility has reached new heights. Have confidence in the implementation of the Chinese navy sailed farther voyage.

The situation became tense in the occasion of the South China Sea, long-distance for combined military exercises also send a clear deterrent to neighboring signal that Beijing has the ability and willingness, flexibility and comprehensive naval forces to launch the South China Sea.

Remote Deployment

Although China has actively participated in UN peacekeeping operations, in most cases are limited to non-combat troops. However, since December 2008, China began to deploy warships to participate in the Gulf of Aden to fight pirates action. Chinese Navy will also be training of these officers and the military action as the opportunity to test equipment.

Military deployment by the Chinese navy received quite a lot of experience, and overcome the many logistical problems. Port due to lack of supplies, for the first time escorting the fleet's supply of fresh food experience problems affect the efficiency of the fleet. Today, China Fleet has been able to Djibouti, Yemen, Oman, Salalah and Aden to supply.

Military Diplomacy

Beijing is aware that, to enhance deterrence and highlights the efforts of long-range delivery capability may lead to alert neighbors. Therefore, the third point of its naval strategy is military diplomacy. Beijing's goal is to establish the Asia-Pacific and beyond bilateral and multilateral relations, to calm the dispute with neighboring countries and strengthen cooperation with neighboring countries, reducing the possibility of U.S. military relations.

As the most flexible and outgoing People's Liberation Army troops, the navy proved to be useful to show channels of China's soft power. After the completion of Somalia to escort, "Guangzhou" via the Suez Canal into the Mediterranean, Egypt, Greece and Italy, a goodwill port visit. After the ship to visit Myanmar in diplomatic visit to Singapore after the successful conclusion of the journey. The effect of military and diplomatic efforts remains to be seen. However, after the show an additional goodwill gesture "hard currency" of the place, China's military diplomacy have achieved good results.

Although China is the future strategy blue ocean from the Navy in 2050 as the target is still far away, but the Navy may develop in at least the next decade China will become the foreign and defense policy within the center. Beijing may be using the growing naval power in the East China Sea and South China Sea to support its territorial claims. In foreign affairs, China's naval strategy has made limited but tangible results. With the increase in actual combat experience, the Chinese navy's confidence is gradually increased.

Second Five-Year Plan proposed the CPC Central Committee published text

Core Tip: 18 October, the seventeenth session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee adopted the "National Economic and Social Development on the Twelfth Five-Year Plan proposals." The plan, efforts to achieve income growth and economic development simultaneously, while strengthening the regulation of tax on the income distribution effect, to reverse the rural-urban income gap. Expansion of domestic demand has become the primary task of the next five years.


Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the fifth plenary meeting, on 15 October 2010 to 18 in Beijing. Presided over by the Central Committee plenum. This is Hu Jintao, Wu Bangguo, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang, Zhou Yongkang, on the rostrum. Xinhua Photo

Xinhua Xinhua Beijing on October 27

National Economy and Social Development, the recommendations of Twelfth Five-Year Plan

(October 18, 2010 Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the fifth plenary session)

"Twelve Five-Year" period (2011-2015), is the key to building a moderately prosperous society in the period, is deepening the reform and opening up, accelerate the transformation of the crucial period of economic development. Profound understanding and accurate grasp of the new features of the new changes in domestic and international situation, the scientific development of "second Five-Year" plan for China to continue to seize and important strategic opportunities for development, the long-term stable and rapid economic development, building a well for win new social victory, advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics has great significance.

First, accelerate the transformation of economic development, and create a new situation of scientific development

(1) "Eleventh Five-Year" period of great achievements in economic and social development. "Eleventh Five-Year" period of extraordinary development in the history of five years. The face of complex changes in domestic and international environments and major risks and challenges, our party to unite and lead all ethnic groups, focusing on the development of the most important task of the Party, the party's theory and implementation of guidelines and policies, the implementation of the correct and effective macro-control, give full play to the political advantage of the socialist system, give full play to the market in allocating resources to the basic role, so that the new national historic changes have taken place. We are effectively a huge impact on the international financial crisis and maintain the good momentum of stable and rapid economic development, and long-term sustainable development laid an important foundation. We defeated the Wenchuan earthquake and other natural disasters and successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic Games and Shanghai World Expo, successfully completed the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" to determine the main objectives and tasks.After five years of efforts, China's rapid development of social productive forces, overall national strength significantly improved people's living standards improved significantly, the international status and influence significantly improve the socialist economic construction, political construction, cultural, social, and ecological construction and partymade significant progress in building, write a new chapter in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Five years of hard-won achievements and accumulated precious experience, and create far-reaching spiritual wealth.

(2) "second Five-Year" period of economic and social development of the domestic and international environment. Present and future, the world situation, the country continued to undergo profound changes, China's present economic and social development of new features. Comprehensive judgments of international and domestic situation, China's development is still in a position to accomplish a great deal of important strategic opportunities, is facing a rare historical opportunity, but also face many predictable and unpredictable risks and challenges. We want to enhance the awareness and sense of opportunity, the scientific grasp of the law of development and actively adapt to environmental changes, to effectively resolve various conflicts, more energetic and promising to push forward China's reform and opening up and socialist modernization drive.

Today's world, peace, development and cooperation remain the trend of world multi-polarization and economic globalization, the emergence of new patterns of world economic and political changes, technological innovation and nurture new breakthroughs, the international environment conducive to overall peace and development in China. Meanwhile, the international financial crisis, far-reaching, world economic growth slowing, the global demand for significant changes in the structure, around the market, resources, talent, technology, standards, more competition, climate change and energy resources, security, food security and other global issues more prominent, various forms of protectionism, the external environment for China's development more complex. We must insist on a broader perspective, calmly observe calmly, and domestic and international situations, grasp the good news is the new global division of labor in the position to actively participate in international economic cooperation and create new competitive advantages.

Domestically, industrialization, information technology, urbanization, marketization and internationalization in-depth development, per capita income increased steadily, accelerating economic restructuring, a huge potential market demand, ample supply of capital, technology and enhance the overall level of education, labor force quality improvement infrastructure has improved steadily and significantly enhance the vitality system, government regulation and the ability to improve coping with complicated situations, the social security system and gradually improve, and overall social stability, we are fully qualified to promote economic and social development and overall national strength to a new level. At the same time, we must clearly see that China's development in the unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable issues still outstanding, primarily, economic growth, strengthening the resource and environmental constraints, the imbalance between investment and consumption, a big gap between income distribution, technological innovation is not strong, irrational industrial structure and foundation of agriculture remains weak, uncoordinated urban and rural regional development, employment pressure and the structural contradictions in the coexistence of the total, significantly increased social conflicts, constrain scientific development, structural and institutional obstacles still more. We must judge and accurate grasp of scientific trends, the full use of all favorable conditions to speed up the outstanding contradictions and problems to solve, concentrate on holding their own thing.

(3) to develop "second Five Year Plan" guiding ideology. Development of "second Five-Year" plan, must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and "Three Represents" as guidance, thoroughly implement the scientific concept of development, to adapt to new changes in domestic and international situation, go over the people of all New look for a better life to the theme of scientific development, to accelerate the transformation of the main line of economic development, deepen reform and opening up, protect and improve people's livelihood, to consolidate and expand the results to tackle the financial crisis, the long-term stable and rapid economic development and social harmony and stability, for building a moderately prosperous society in laying the foundation of decisive significance.

The theme of scientific development is the requirement of the times of reform and opening up and modernization drive. China is a developing country with 1.3 billion people, still in the primary stage of socialism will be long-term, development is the key to solve all problems. In contemporary China, adhere to the essence of development is of overriding requirement is to insist on scientific development, more emphasis on people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, more attention, more focus on overall planning, pay more attention to protect and improve people's livelihood and promote social fairness and justice.

To speed up the transformation of economic development the main line is the only way to promote scientific development, in line with China's basic national conditions and stage of development of new features. Accelerate the transformation of economic development of China's economic and social fields a profound change, to run through the whole process of economic and social development in various fields and enhance the development of comprehensive, coordinated, sustainable, persist in promoting the development of changes in the changing and development, to achieve sound and rapid economic development. Basic requirements are:

Adhere to the strategic adjustment of economic structure, accelerate the transformation of economic development as the main direction. Construction of long-term mechanism to expand domestic demand and promote economic growth to depend on consumption, investment and exports changes. Strengthen agriculture as the foundation to enhance the core competitiveness of the manufacturing sector, the development of strategic new industries, speed up the development of services, promote economic growth to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic change. Urban and rural development, actively and steadily promote urbanization and speeding up construction of new socialist countryside, to promote regional interaction and coordinated development.

Adhere to the scientific and technological progress and innovation as a way to accelerate the transformation of an important support for economic development.Implementing the Strategy and the depth of this strategy, the primary productive force into full play technology and human resources first, and improve the modernization level of education, strengthen independent innovation capability, strengthen innovation and talent, to promote the development of major scientific and technological progress, improving the quality of workers innovation in management, accelerate the construction of an innovative country.

Protect and improve the livelihood of the people adhere to speed up the transformation of economic development as the fundamental starting point and end point. Protect and improve people's livelihood improved institutional arrangements to promote employment on priority economic and social development, accelerate the development of various social undertakings, to promote the equalization of basic public services, increase the intensity of income distribution, unswervingly take the road of common prosperity, so that the fruits of development benefit all people.

Adhere to building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society as a way to accelerate the transformation of key economic development focus. Thoroughly implement the conservation of resources and the basic national policy of protecting the environment, save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions intensity, the development of circular economy, promote low-carbon technologies, and actively respond to climate change and promoting economic and social development and coordination of population, resources and environment, sustainable development road .

Adhere to the reform and opening up as a way to accelerate the transformation of a powerful driving force of economic development. Strongly promote the economic, political, cultural, and social sector reform, accelerate the construction is conducive to scientific development of institutional mechanisms. Implementation of mutually beneficial and win-win strategy of opening up with the international community to jointly meet global challenges, share development opportunities.

(4) "second Five-Year" period of the main objectives of economic and social development. "Twelve Five" plan to have the strategic, forward-looking guidance, and respond to a major deployment of the international financial crisis closely together, and to 2020 to achieve the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in close convergence. Considering the future trends and conditions, the next five years the main economic and social development objectives are:

Stable and rapid economic development. The basic stability of the overall price level, employment continued to increase, the basic balance of international payments trends, economic growth, quality and efficiency improved significantly.

Strategic adjustment of economic structure and made significant progress.Consumption rate, the service industry and raise the level of urbanization, urban and rural regional development more balanced. Increase the technology content of economic growth, the unit GDP energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions dropped significantly, the total discharge of major pollutants significantly reduced ecological and environmental quality improved significantly.

Rapid increase in urban and rural incomes generally. Efforts to achieve income growth and economic development simultaneously, labor compensation and labor productivity growth simultaneously, significantly increasing the income of low-income, middle income groups continues to expand, a significant reduction in poverty, the quality and standard of living continues to increase.


Society was strengthened. Urban and rural residents gradually improve basic public service system, steadily enhance the level of education for all, the whole nation's ideological and moral qualities, scientific and cultural quality and health quality improved. Socialist democracy and legal system more robust, effective protection of people's rights and interests. Cultural undertakings and cultural industries to accelerate development. Tend to improve the social management system, social harmony and stability.

Deepening reform and opening up. Taxation, financing, factor prices, monopoly industries and other important areas and made significant progress in key reforms, accelerating the transformation of government functions, government credibility and further increase administrative efficiency. Continue to expand the breadth and depth of mutual benefit and win-win pattern of opening up further.

Through the joint efforts of people across the country struggle to make changes in our way of substantive progress in economic development, comprehensive national strength, international competitiveness and ability to withstand risks increased significantly improved people's material and cultural life, a comprehensive well-off society into a more solid foundation.

Second, adhere to the strategy of expanding domestic demand and maintain stable and rapid economic development

Adhere to the expansion of domestic demand, especially consumer demand strategy, we must fully exploit the great potential of domestic demand, efforts to break the constraints of structural and institutional obstacles to expand domestic demand, accelerate the formation of consumption, investment and exports growth situation.

(5) to strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation. Consolidate and expand the results of the international financial crisis should be "second Five-Year" period of important tasks. Properly handle the fast and steady economic development, and the adjustment of economic structure and management of the relationship between inflation expectations and maintain the continuity and stability of macroeconomic policies, enhance the relevance and flexibility, improve macro-control and predictability of the science, prevention of the class of potential risks, to avoid the economic ups and downs. Short-term and long-term development policy control policies combine to strengthen the coordination of various policies to promote stable and rapid economic development.

(6) the establishment of long-term mechanism to expand consumption demand. The expansion of consumer demand, the strategic focus of expanding domestic demand, further release of the consumption potential of urban and rural residents, and gradually make the overall size of the domestic market ranking in the world. To actively and steadily promote urbanization, vigorously develop the service industry and small and medium enterprises, increase employment and entrepreneurship opportunities. To improve the income distribution system, rationalize the distribution of national income, and strive to improve low-income residents in urban and rural incomes, increased consumer capacity. To increase government spending to improve the proportion of people's livelihood and social undertakings, and expand coverage of social security system and gradually improve the basic public service system, to form a good consumer expectations. To strengthen the market circulation system, the development of new consumer format, and develop new services to consumers, and improve policies to encourage consumption, improving the consumption environment, consumer protection, actively promote the upgrading of consumption structure. To guide rational consumption behavior, develop energy-saving environment-friendly consumer, advocacy and adapt to China's national conditions of civilization, save, green, low-carbon consumption patterns.


(7) adjust and optimize the investment structure. Investment played an important role in expanding domestic demand and maintain a reasonable growth in investment, optimize investment structure, improve the investment system mechanism, enhance the quality and efficiency of investment, effectively stimulating economic growth. "Twelve Five" early to ensure that the focus of expanding domestic demand and the successful completion of projects under construction and continued construction and play benefits.Play the role of industrial policy to guide investment in further livelihood and social undertakings, agriculture and rural areas, technological innovation, environmental protection, resource conservation and other areas of tilt. Adhere to the differential treatment, guidance, and guide invest more toward the central and western regions.Strict implementation of investment projects in land use, energy saving, environmental protection, safety, access standards, effectively curb blind expansion and duplication.Promote positive interaction between investment and consumption, to expand investment and increase employment, improve the livelihood of the people combine to create the final demand. Clearly define the scope of government investment to strengthen and standardize the management of local government financing platform, to prevent investment risks. Regulate state-owned enterprise investment behavior, to improve the economic and social benefits. Encourage the expansion of private investment, expand market access, support for private capital into the basic industries, infrastructure, public utilities, social undertakings, financial services and other fields.

Third, promote the modernization of agriculture, accelerate the building of new socialist countryside

Industrialization and urbanization to proceed with further development of agricultural modernization is the "second five year" period of a major tasks, we must adhere to address agriculture, rural areas and farmers as a top priority of the party's work, urban and rural development, adhere to the industry nurturing agriculture and cities support rural areas and more, taking less deregulation policy, increase the intensity of benefiting the agriculture, solid basis for agricultural and rural development, improve the level of agricultural modernization and rural living standards, build a better home a happy life of farmers.

(8) to accelerate the development of modern agriculture. Stick to the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, to ensure national food security as a primary goal to accelerate changes in agricultural development, improve agricultural production capacity, anti-risk ability, market competitiveness. Add thousands of tons of grain implementation of the national production capacity planning, increase investment in major grain producing areas and the interests of the compensation. Strictly protect arable land, speeding up rural land consolidation and reclamation, large-scale construction Hanlaobaoshou high standard farmland. Promote agricultural science and technology innovation, improve the welfare of agricultural technology popularization system, the development of modern seed industry, speed up agricultural mechanization.Improve the system of modern agriculture, the development of high-yield, high quality, efficient, ecological and safe agriculture, to promote horticultural products, livestock, aquatic products breeding scale, accelerate the development of facilities for agricultural and agro-industry, retail, agricultural production and management to promote specialization, standardization, scale and intensive. To promote modern agriculture demonstration zones. Water-saving agriculture. Promotion of clean and green production methods, management of agricultural non-point source pollution.

(9) to strengthen rural infrastructure and public services. Promoting rural economic and social development in accordance with the requirements of integration, improve the socialist new rural construction planning, speed up the improvement of rural production and living conditions. Rural infrastructure should focus on water, a substantial increase in investment, improving the construction and management and protection mechanisms, to promote small-scale dam reinforcement, speed up the transformation of large and medium irrigation support, improve construction of water sources, improve the rural water conservancy facilities in the small micro- to comprehensively strengthen the water conservancy facilities. Continue to promote the rural power grids, to strengthen rural drinking water safety, road, gas construction, continuing transformation of dilapidated buildings in rural areas, the implementation of rural sanitation projects, carrying out rural environment. Improve the quality and balanced development of rural compulsory education level, secondary vocational education in rural areas to promote free process.Strengthen the rural three-tier health service networks. Improve the rural social security system, gradually raise the security standards. Further promote the development-oriented aid, gradually increase poverty line, poverty increased investment to accelerate the special difficulties of solving contiguous areas of concentrated poverty, poverty reduction conducted in an orderly migration, subsistence allowances system for rural poverty alleviation and development policies and effective convergence.

(10) channels to increase rural incomes. Improve vocational skills and income-generating capacity of farmers, increase their income through various channels.Encourage farmers to optimize the planting structure, improving efficiency, improve the agricultural market system and price formation mechanism, improve support and protection system of agricultural subsidies, increase their production and operation income. Guide the distribution of agricultural products processing industry in the producing areas, the development of rural non-agricultural industries to boost the county economy, and nonagricultural employment, increase the wage income.


(11) improve the rural development of institutional mechanisms. Uphold and improve the rural basic management systems, the existing rural land contract relations remain stable and unchanged for a long, paid in accordance with the law and the strengthening of voluntary service improvement based on the market for transferring land contract and management rights, the development of various forms of appropriate scale to support farmer cooperatives and agricultural industrialization leading enterprises, speed up and improve the agricultural social service system, improve the degree of organization of agricultural operations. Improve the exchange between urban and rural elements of equality, the promotion of land value-added revenue and savings in rural areas is mainly used for agriculture and rural areas. In accordance with the conservation land, protect the interests of farmers required to promote land reform, and actively and steadily push forward the rural land remediation, improve the rural collective management of construction land and house site management. Deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives, and encourage qualified counties in the region in establishing community banks, financial organizations and the development of rural small-scale micro-credit, and improve the agricultural insurance system, improve rural financial services. Deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote the state-owned forest areas of collective forest rights and forest tenure reform and improve the grassland contracting system.Conscientiously sum up the urban and rural comprehensive reform experience, and actively explore solutions to agriculture, rural areas and farmers a new way.

Fourth, the development of modern industrial system, and improve core competitiveness

Adhere to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, must adapt to changes in market demand, according to new trends in science and technology play in our industry's comparative advantage in the global economy, the development of structural optimization, advanced technology, clean and safe, high added value, strong ability to absorb employment modern industrial system.

(12) transform and elevate the industry. Focus is to optimize the structure of manufacturing industry to improve variety and quality, and enhance industrial supporting capacity, eliminate backward production capacity. The development of advanced equipment manufacturing, adjustment and optimization of raw materials, transform and elevate the consumer goods industry, to promote the manufacturing sector to grow stronger. Improve the national key project based on the development of major technologies and equipment policy to improve the basic technology, basic materials, basic components, the level of R & D and system integration. Support the technological transformation of enterprises, enhance new product development capabilities and brand building capabilities. Reasonable guide enterprises mergers and acquisitions, increased industrial concentration to develop an international brand and the core competitiveness of medium-sized enterprises, enhance the level of small enterprises specialized division of labor, and promote organizational structure optimization.

(13) foster the development of strategic new industries. Changes in market demand to determine the future science and technology development trends, strengthen policy and planning guidance to support and strengthen research and development of key technologies, breakthroughs in key areas, and actively and orderly development of a new generation of information technology, energy saving, new energy, biotechnology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new materials, new energy and automobile industries, accelerate the formation of leading and pillar industries, and effectively improve the industry's core competitiveness and economic benefits. Major national science and technology projects to play the lead role in supporting the implementation of development projects in industrial innovation, strengthen fiscal and financial policies to support and promote high-tech industry bigger and stronger.

(14) accelerate the development of services. To promote the services sector as a major development optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, strategic focus, and establish a fair, standardized and transparent market access standards, and explore new service format for developing market management approach, adjusting the tax and land, water, electricity and other factor prices policy, create a favorable policy and institutional development of service industry environment. Services and to develop productive life of service, active development of tourism. New areas to expand services and develop new formats, and foster new hot spot, promoting large-scale, brand, network management. Promote the formation of mega-cities to the service economy of the industrial structure.

(15) Strengthening the modern energy industry and comprehensive transport system. To promote energy production and use patterns change, build a safer, stable, economical and clean modern energy industry system. Accelerate the development of new energy sources, promoting traditional clean and efficient use of energy, in the premise of ecological protection to actively develop hydropower, in ensuring the safe development of nuclear power on the basis of efficient, strengthen power grid construction, development of smart grid, improve Youqi pipe network, to expand Youqi strategic reserves. Moderate advance in accordance with the principle of co-ordinating the development of various modes of transport, construction convenient, secure and efficient integrated transport system. Promoting the national transport corridor construction, the basic completion of the country's rapid railway and highway networks, developing high-speed railway, to strengthen inter-provincial channels and national and provincial trunk highway construction, and actively develop water transportation, improve the port and airport layout, airspace management system reform.


(16) and comprehensively improve the level of information. Promote the integration of information technology and industrialization, the depth, speed up economic and social information in all areas. Development and upgrading of the software industry. Actively developing e-commerce. Strengthen the important information system, strengthen the geography, population, finance, taxation, statistics, development and utilization of information resources and other infrastructure. Implementation of telecommunications networks, radio and television, the Internet "triple play" to build broadband, convergence, security, next-generation national information infrastructure. Things to promote research and development applications. To information sharing, interoperability is key, and vigorously promote national e-government network construction, integration and management of public services to enhance government capacity. Important to ensure that basic information networks and information systems security.

(17) the development of marine economy. Adhere to the land and sea co-ordination, development and implementation of marine development strategy, enhance marine development, control, integrated management capabilities. Science planning for marine economic development, the development of offshore oil and gas, transport, fisheries and other industries, rational development and utilization of marine resources, to strengthen fishing port construction, protect the island, coastal and marine environment.Protect the safety of sea lanes, safeguard China's maritime rights and interests.

Fifth, promote balanced regional development, actively and steadily promote urbanization

The overall strategy for regional development strategy and the main functional areas, to build regional economic strengths, the main functional position clear, efficient use of land space, man and nature live in harmony pattern of regional development, the progressive realization of different regions of the equalization of basic public services.Stick to the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the scientific development of urbanization, development planning, promote the healthy development of urbanization.

(18) the overall strategy for regional development. Adhere to the depth of the western development strategy on the overall strategy for regional development priority, to give a special policy support, to play resources and ecological security barrier, strengthening infrastructure construction and environmental protection, to develop science and technology education, support characteristics and advantages of industrial development. To increase support for Tibet, Xinjiang and other areas in developing their efforts to support small populations of national development. Rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases, industrial and technology base to play a strong advantage, improving the modern industrial system, restructuring and development to promote resource depletion region. Vigorously promote the central region, east and west of the area to play advantage, improve the investment environment, strengthen competitive industries, the development of modern industrial system, and strengthen transportation hub. Support the eastern region to lead the development of national economic development to play a supporting role, at a higher level in international economic cooperation and competition, in the transformation of economic development, adjusting the economic structure and independent innovation forefront of the country. Strengthen and improve the inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, to eliminate market barriers and promote factor mobility, and guide the orderly transfer of industries. Implementation of regional mutual aid policy, one assistance in various forms. Increase the old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, efforts to support poverty-stricken areas. More special economic zones, the Pudong New Area, Shanghai, Tianjin Binhai New Area in the reform and opening up the important role of pilot. Accelerate the development and opening of border areas, the strengthening of international channels, construction of border cities and ports, in-depth implementation of the Frontier action.

(19) to implement the strategy of the main functional areas. Rational distribution in accordance with the requirements of the national economy, regulate the development order, and control of development intensity, the formation of efficient, coordinated and sustainable pattern of land space development. On population density, high strength development, some overloading of resources and the environment to optimize the development of urbanized areas. Strong on the environment carrying capacity, gathering demographic and economic conditions were better to focus on development of urbanized areas. Affect the overall ecological safety of key ecological function areas to limit the large-scale, high-intensity development of industrialization and urbanization.Established by law of various types of natural and cultural resource protection areas and other areas that need special protection to prohibit development. Basically meet the requirements of the main functional areas of laws and regulations, policies and planning system, improve the performance of assessment and the interests of the compensation mechanism, to guide the various regions, push forward in strict accordance with the main function of development.

(20) improve the layout and form of urbanization. In accordance with the overall planning, rational distribution, improve the functionality to small and great principles, follow the objective law of urban development to cities as the basis, in order to focus on small and medium cities, and gradually form the role of city clusters of radiation to promote medium and small cities and small Town Development. Scientific planning of urban agglomeration of urban functions within the industry, positioning and layout, ease the pressure on large urban city centers, and strengthen small and medium urban industrial capabilities, and enhance public services and small town living functions, to promote medium and small urban transportation, communications, electricity, drainage and other infrastructure facilities, integration and network development.


(21) to strengthen urban management. Must meet the conditions of the agricultural work to settle gradually into urban residents as an important task of promoting urbanization.Cities to strengthen and improve the population management, small and medium cities and small towns to relax the foreign population settled in accordance with the actual conditions. Focus on institutional rights protection of migrant workers to solve the problem. Reasonable boundaries of urban development and improve the built-up area population density, to prevent excessive expansion of mega-cities area. Urban planning and construction should focus on people-oriented, land and energy saving, environmental protection, safety and practicality, prominent features, the protection of cultural and natural heritage, and strengthen planning binding, and urban public facilities, prevention and control "urban disease."

Strengthening of land, taxation, monetary policy adjustment, to speed up housing information system, and improve institutional mechanisms appropriate to national conditions and policy systems of housing, reasonable housing demand. Strengthen the responsibilities of all levels of government, increase construction of affordable housing projects and accelerate the transformation of squatter settlements, the development of public rental housing, increasing housing supply in low-income residents. Strengthen market supervision, standardize the order of the real estate market, curb speculative demand and promoting steady and healthy development of the real estate industry.

Sixth, accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society, enhance the level of ecological civilization

Faced with increasingly enhanced resource and environmental constraints, we must enhance the sense of crisis and establish a green, low-carbon development concept, to focus on energy conservation, improve the incentive and restraint mechanisms, accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly production methods and consumption patterns, and enhance sustainable development.

(22) actively respond to global climate change. To substantially reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission intensity as the intensity of binding targets, to effectively control greenhouse gas emissions. Reasonable control of the total energy consumption, inhibit the excessive growth of high energy-consuming industries, improve energy efficiency. Strengthen the responsibility of assessing energy efficiency goals, and improve energy efficiency regulations and standards, improve the energy efficiency market mechanisms and incentives and constraints on business, the implementation of key energy conservation projects, and promote advanced energy-saving technologies and products, accelerate the implementation of the contract energy management, improving industrial, construction, transportation transportation and other key areas of energy conservation. Adjust energy consumption structure, increase the proportion of non-fossil energy sources. To increase forest cover, increase volume and enhance carbon sequestration capacity. Strengthening adaptation to climate change, particularly capacity building to deal with extreme weather events. Establish and improve energy conservation and emission reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and statistical monitoring system and strengthen the climate change research, accelerate the development and application of low-carbon technologies, and gradually establish a carbon emissions trading market. Adhere to the common but differentiated responsibilities, actively carry out international cooperation to address global climate change.

(23), vigorously develop the circular economy. To improve the output efficiency of resources as the goal, to strengthen planning guidance, fiscal and financial policies to support and improve the laws and regulations, the implementation of extended producer responsibility system, promote the production, circulation and consumption of all aspects of circular economy. Accelerate the development of resource recycling industry, strengthen the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, encourage recycling of industrial waste and improve recycling system of renewable resources and waste separation and recovery system, to promote resource recycling industry. Development and application of source reduction, recycling, remanufacturing, zero-emission technology and industry links to promote the typical pattern of circular economy.

(24) to enhance resource conservation and management. Implement priority conservation strategies, the full implementation of resource use total control, regulating both supply and demand, differentiated management. Strengthen the geological exploration of energy and mineral resources, conservation, rational development, the formation of strategic continuation of energy and mineral resources area, the establishment of important mineral resources reserve system. Improve land management system, strengthen management and control plans and annual plans, and strictly control the use and improve standards of conservation land, land use and land resources to strengthen accountability and assessment. Attaches great importance to water safety, building water-saving society, and improve water resources allocation system, strengthening water resources management and compensation for the use, to encourage desalination, strict control of groundwater exploitation.

(25) Environment Protection. To address the unsafe drinking water and air and soil pollution and other damage to the outstanding public health environment, focusing on strengthening the comprehensive management, improved environmental quality.Implementation of emission reduction target responsibility system, strengthen pollution reduction and control, increasing the total control of the major types of pollutants, accelerating urban sewage and garbage treatment facilities, and increase focus on water pollution control efforts to control urban air, noise pollution, strengthening of heavy metals, hazardous waste, soil pollution, and strengthen nuclear and radiation monitoring capability. Stringent emission standards and environmental impact assessment, and strengthen law enforcement oversight, improve the major environmental pollution accident events and accountability system. Improve the environmental technology and economic policy, establish and improve the polluter-pays system, the establishment of multiple environmental investment and financing mechanism, vigorously develop the environmental protection industry.


(26) to strengthen ecological protection and disaster prevention and mitigation system.Adhere to the protection of the main priorities and natural recovery, from the source to reverse the trend toward ecological deterioration. Implementation of major ecological restoration projects, consolidation of protecting natural forests, returning farmland to forest and grassland, pasture and other achievements, promote desertification, rocky desertification, protect grasslands and wetlands. Accelerate the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism, the strengthening of key ecological function areas protection and management, enhance water conservation, water and soil, sand-fixing capacity, the conservation of biological diversity. Strengthen water conservancy infrastructure construction, promote the tributaries of major rivers, lakes and small rivers, governance, and enhance urban flood control capacity. Accelerate the establishment of geological investigation and assessment of disaster-prone areas system, monitoring and early warning systems, control systems, emergency response system. Increased focus on regional geological disaster control, and strengthen the rescue team, and raise the level of material security. Implementation of natural disaster risk assessment, scientific organization of production and living facilities for hazardous area reasonable avoidance.

Seven in-depth strategies and implement in this strategy, accelerate the construction of innovation-oriented country

Promoting China's economic development depends more on technological innovation drive and must fully implement the national long-term science and technology, education, personnel planning framework greatly improve technological innovation, to speed up educational reform and development, human resources play advantages, speed up the transformation of economic development, to achieve a comprehensive the goal of building a moderately prosperous society and lay a solid foundation of technology and human resources.

(27) enhance scientific and technological innovation. Adhere to independent innovation, focusing on cross, supporting the development of guiding the future, and enhance common core technological breakthrough capacity to promote scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces. Accelerate the major national science and technology projects, in-depth knowledge and technological innovations to implement projects. Science and technology progress and industrial structure optimization and upgrading, improving people's livelihood closely together to enhance the original innovation, integrated innovation and the introduction of absorption and innovation capacity in modern agriculture, equipment manufacturing, environmental protection, energy resources, information networks, new materials, safety and healthmake new breakthroughs in areas such as the core electronic devices, a great scale integrated circuits, system software, new varieties of genetically modified, new drug breakthroughs in areas such as key technologies. Strengthen basic frontier research in life science, space marine, earth sciences, nanotechnology and other areas of science and technology competition to seize the high ground of the future.

(28) improve the scientific and technological innovation system and mechanism. Will deepen reform, strengthen the combination of scientific research and higher education, a national innovation system, strengthen the foundation, cutting-edge research platform technologies and common technologies, and strengthening the integration of military and civilian integration of scientific and technological resources to promote the different characteristics of the regional innovation system, encourage the development of science and technology intermediary services, and deepen reform of management system of research funding, improve the scientific and technological achievements evaluation and reward system. Key elements of guidance and support innovation into enterprises, to accelerate the establishment of enterprises as the main market-oriented, a combination of research and technological innovation system. Innovation and scientific research institutes and universities enhance motivation, encourage large enterprises to increase R & D investment, stimulate innovation and vitality of small and medium enterprises, entrepreneurs and leading scientists to play in important role in technological innovation. Encouraging invention and creation. Strengthen support for innovation and industrialization of scientific research in the fiscal and financial policies, and increase government investment in basic research, promote the construction of major infrastructure facilities and open sharing, and promote technological and financial integration, training and development of venture capital investment. Implementation of intellectual property strategy, improve intellectual property legal system, strengthening of IPR creation, use, protection and management.


(29) to accelerate the development of education reform. Fully implement the Party's education policy, protection of citizens shall enjoy the right to education, good education, people's satisfaction. According priority to the development, educating people, innovation, promote fair and improving quality, deepen education reform and promote the scientific development of education. To promote quality education, students follow the rules and physical and mental development of education law, adhere to the moral education first, ability to re-promote the overall development of students Dezhitimei. Actively develop pre-school education, consolidating and improving the quality and level of compulsory education, speed up universal high school education, vigorously develop vocational education to improve the quality of higher education, accelerating the development of continuing education in support of national education, special education, development, construction for lifelong learning, lifelong learninglearning society. Innovation and personnel training system, the education management system, school system, reform of teaching content, teaching methods, quality assessment, examination and enrollment system. Promote educational equity, the rational allocation of public education resources, emphasis on rural, remote and poor, minority areas inclined to speed up closing the education gap. Improve the state-funded system, to help students from poor families to complete their studies. Morality and Style to improve the professional level of teachers to encourage talented people lives to it.Increase investment in education, encourage and guide social forces to set up education to strengthen the weak links and key areas of focus, the implementation of major educational reform and development projects.

(30) Building Talent. Stick to the principle, adhere to service development, human resources priorities, to use-oriented, innovative mechanisms, high-end leads, the overall development of guidelines to strengthen the modernization of all types of personnel needed to fully play the role of domestic talent, and actively introduce and good use of overseas talents. Establish and improve the government's macroeconomic management, effective allocation of the market, the unit self-employment, personnel systems and mechanisms independent careers, a diversified investment structure, and markedly increase the proportion of human capital investment. Respect the talent to create the social environment, equality, merit-based system of open and competitive environment and promote outstanding talent. Improve Talent management, implementation of major national personnel policy, good job of major talent project to promote human undertakings.

VIII, enhancing social and build a sound basic public service system

Ensure and improve people's livelihood, must meet the conditions gradually improved, more comprehensive, covering urban and rural areas, sustainable basic public service system, improve the ability of Government to protect and promote the equalization of basic public services. Strengthen social management capacity building, innovation and social management, and effectively maintain social harmony and stability.

(31) to promote employment and harmonious labor relations. Implement a more proactive employment policy, to develop labor-intensive industries, service industries and small micro-enterprise, multi-channel development jobs, and encourage their own businesses, and promote full employment. Improve standardized flexible human resources market, for workers to provide quality and efficient employment services.Strengthen the concept of vocational training and career education to improve the employability of workers, to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, urban employment employment difficulties as a priority. Veterans employment work to do.Strengthen labor law enforcement, improve the labor dispute settlement mechanism, to improve working conditions, protect workers rights. Role of the government, trade unions and business role in the formation of enterprises and workers to benefit-sharing mechanisms, the establishment of harmonious labor relations.

(32) rationalize the distribution of incomes. Uphold and improve the distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of modes of distribution coexist distribution system. Initial distribution and redistribution are necessary to properly handle the relationship between efficiency and equity, redistribution pay more attention to fairness.Efforts to improve income distribution in the proportion of national income and improve the work remuneration in primary distribution of income. Create the conditions for increasing household property income. Increase in labor income to expand employment and improve the development environment and system conditions, and promote equal opportunity. Gradually raise the minimum wage, protect the normal growth of wages and payment. Of income distribution, strengthening of tax regulation of the distribution of income, effectively regulate excessively high incomes, efforts to reverse the urban and rural, regional, industry and members of society, widening the income gap between.Improve the civil service wage system, deepen reform of the income distribution.

(33) improve the coverage of social security system in urban and rural residents. Adhere to the wide coverage, covers basic and multi-level, sustainable policy, urban and rural residents will accelerate the social security system. Implementation of new rural social pension insurance system cover all urban workers and residents improve the implementation of the pension system, the national co-ordination to achieve basic pension. Government organizations and institutions to promote the reform of pension system. Further and solid pension personal accounts provinces to follow. Expanding social security coverage, and gradually increase security standards. The development of occupational and occupational pension. Play a complementary role in commercial insurance. Full coverage of urban and rural social relief. Actively and steadily promote the pension fund investment operations. Develop charity. Strengthening social security information network building and promoting social security card application, precise management.

(34) to accelerate the reform and development of health care. Set in accordance with the basic, strong grass-roots level, building system requirements, increase financial input and deepen the medical and health system, mobilize the enthusiasm of medical personnel, medical and health system as the basic public goods provided to the national priority to meet the people's basic health needs. Strengthen the public health service system, expand the state's basic public health services. Urban and rural residents improve basic medical security system, gradually raise the security standards.Establish and perfect the system of national essential drugs based medicine supply system to ensure drug quality and safety, strengthen urban and rural medical and health service system, the new emphasis on medical and health resources in rural and urban communities tilt to enhance general medical personnel, especially doctor training, and improve general practitioners to encourage long-term services policy at the grassroots level. Actively and steadily promote the reform of public hospitals, explore the formation of various types of urban hospitals and primary health care institutions rational division of labor and collaboration pattern. Adhere to both Chinese and Western Medicine to support the development of Chinese medicine. Active prevention of major infectious diseases, chronic diseases, occupational diseases, endemic diseases and mental illness. Encourage social capital to organize various forms of medical institutions, to promote orderly competition and strengthen supervision and improve service quality and efficiency of health care to meet the diverse needs of the masses.

(35) Full good job in population work. Adhere to the basic state policy of family planning, and gradually improve policies, promote the balanced development of long-term population. Improved reproductive health, improve the quality of births to curb the high sex ratio trend. While in effective protection of legitimate rights and interests of women, strengthening the protection of minors, the development of the cause of women and children. Positive response to population aging, to pay attention to family and community functions, giving priority to developing social pension services, aging services, fostering the growth of business and industry. Support the development of persons with disabilities, improve the service system for persons with disabilities.


(36) to strengthen social management and innovation. Party committees in accordance with sound leadership, government responsibility, social cooperation, the social management pattern of public participation requirements, strengthen social management of legal, institutional, capacity-building. Improve laws and regulations and policies, and improve local management and service system, strengthen and improve the work of grass-roots party organizations, mass organizations and social organizations to play a role in enhancing the autonomy and service functions of urban and rural communities, the formation of community management and service force.Improve the maintenance of the party and the masses of interest in government-led mechanism, improve the people's mediation, administrative mediation and judicial mediation joint working system, integrating the forces, the establishment of an integrated platform mediation to resolve conflicts and disputes. Smooth and regulate the expression of mass appeal, benefits coordination, channels of rights protection, the establishment of major construction projects and major policy development and social stability risk assessment mechanism to correctly handle contradictions among the people to resolve the various uncertainties in the grass roots and the bud. Increase public safety, strengthen safety and improve the accident disasters, public health, food safety incident, social security incident prevention early warning and emergency response system. Good floating population service management, help and educate special populations to enhance management and service and increase the weak links in social management improvement efforts. Prevention and control to improve the social security system, strengthen urban-rural community policing for prevention and treatment, and other basic infrastructure, strengthen the judicial ranks, strictly fair and honest law enforcement, and enhance public safety and social security support capabilities, to strengthen public security comprehensive management of key areas. Strict precautions against and cracking down on various illegal and criminal activities, and effectively protect people's lives and property.

September, promote cultural development and prosperity, and enhancing national cultural soft power

Culture is the spirit and soul of a nation, is the national development and national rejuvenation of the strong force must adhere to the direction of socialist advanced culture, promote the Chinese culture, a culture of harmony, the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries to meet the growing spirit of the people cultural needs, give full play to guide social and cultural, educational people, and promote the development of the function, construction of the common spiritual home, and enhance national cohesion and creativity.

(37) and ethical quality of the whole nation. Building a socialist core value system, and strengthen the socialist road with Chinese characteristics and achieve the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation, ideals, beliefs, law-abiding and professional integrity advocate patriotism, building heritage of Chinese traditional virtues, in line with requirements of the socialist spiritual civilization, the socialist market economy ethics and behavior. Further promote the social ethics, professional ethics and family virtues and individual morality, and constantly expand the activities of the masses to build spiritual civilization, extensive volunteer service. Promote the scientific spirit, strengthen humanistic care, pay attention to psychological counseling and training to forge ahead, calm and rational, open and tolerant society of mind. Promote self-cultivation self-discipline, care for the young, hard work, plain life, promote the formation of one for all, all for one's social atmosphere. Strengthen the professional conduct, support innovation and entrepreneurship, to encourage labor to get rich, develop team spirit. Purify the social and cultural environment, protect young people healthy. Comprehensive use of education, law, administration, public opinion means, guide people to know that honor, and righteousness, fulfill their obligations, rousing form, punishing evil and promote good in society.

(38) to promote cultural innovation. New changes to adapt to cultural needs of the masses of the new requirements, promote the theme, promoting diversity, the cultural products and social and cultural life more colorful. Based on the practice of contemporary China, outstanding cultural heritage, learn from achievements of world civilization, reflecting the dominant position of the people and real life, improve the quality of cultural products, create and produce more profound ideas, exquisite art, popular culture of quality. Promote the discipline system, academic viewpoints and research methods of innovation, prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences. Deepen cultural restructuring, innovation and cultural production and dissemination, liberation and development of cultural productivity, enhance the vitality of cultural development.


(39) prosperity and development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. Persist in grasping profit cultural undertakings, operating with one hand and the cultural industry, and always place social effects in the first place, to achieve economic and social benefits of organic unity. The rural grass-roots focus on central and western regions, continue to implement cultural projects that benefit, the basic completion of public cultural service system. Encourage popular participation in cultural activities. Strengthen the construction of important news media, the Internet and other new media attention to the construction, use, management, and grasp the correct guidance of public opinion, to improve communication skills. Strengthen grass-roots culture of team building.Supporting nonprofit cultural programs to enhance protection of cultural heritage. The government under the guidance of the market mechanism to play an active role in nurturing the backbone of cultural enterprises and strategic investors, to encourage and guide non-public economy into the development of new cultural format, enhanced diversification of supply capacity to meet the diverse needs of the community, a flourishing socialist culture market, the promotion of cultural industries have become a pillar industry economy. Strengthen outreach and cultural exchange, culture of innovation "going out" mode, and enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese culture and influence. Vigorously carry out fitness, enhance people's health and improve the level of competitive sports, the national spirit.

Ten, accelerate the pace of reform in difficult areas, improve the socialist market economic system

Reform is to accelerate the transformation of economic development of a strong driving force, with greater determination and courage to comprehensively push forward reform in various fields. Pay more attention to top-level design and overall plan of reform, a clear focus on the task of reform priorities and to further mobilize the reform initiative, respect for the pioneering spirit of the masses and vigorously promoting economic reform, and actively and steadily push forward the political system, speed up reform of the cultural system, social system reform keep improving the socialist market economic system, so that the superstructure more suitable to the development of the economic base changes, providing a powerful guarantee for scientific development.

(40) adhere to and improve the basic economic system. Uphold the public ownership dominant and diverse forms of ownership develop the basic economic system, and create equal access to all economic sectors according to factors of production, fair competition in the market, the same institutional environment protected by law. Promote strategic adjustment of state-owned economy, improve the state capital advance and retreat, reasonable flow mechanism. Speed up the reform of large state-owned enterprises. Deepen the reform of monopoly industries. Improve the types of state assets management system. Improve the state-owned capital operation budget and revenue sharing system. Support and guide non-public economic development, encourage non-public enterprises to participate in state-owned enterprise reform.

(41) to promote administrative reform. Further transform government functions and deepening reform of administrative examination and approval system and accelerating the separation of enterprise, reduce government intervention in microeconomic activities, accelerate the construction of rule of law, government and service-oriented government. Continue to optimize the structure of government, administrative level, functional responsibilities, reduce administrative costs, determined to promote a large sector reform, where conditions permit exploration in the province of direct management of the county (city) of the system. Sound scientific decision making, democratic decision-making, law making mechanism, promote openness in government affairs, and enhance the transparency of public policy and public participation, to strengthen the administrative accountability system, improve the administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, and improve government performance evaluation system to improve the credibility of the government.

(42) to speed up tax reform. Actively build a favorable change in the way of economic development and taxation system. On the basis of a reasonable definition of powers, according to financial resources and powers to match, and further rationalize the allocation of intergovernmental fiscal relations at all levels. Increase in size and proportion of general transfer payments, strengthen county government to provide basic public services, financial protection. Improve the budget preparation and implementation of the management system to improve the integrity and transparency of the budget. Reform and improve the tax system. Expand the value-added tax, business tax reduced accordingly, the scope and reasonable adjustment of consumption tax rate structure, improve and upgrade the industrial structure is conducive to the development of tax policy services. Gradually establish and perfect a combination of synthesis and classification of personal income tax system. Continue to advance tax reform, comprehensive reform of resource tax, the introduction of environmental taxes, real estate tax reform to promote research. Gradually improve the local tax system, giving provincial governments Shuizhengguanli appropriate permissions.

(43) deepening the financial system. Construction of counter-cyclical macro-prudential financial management system framework. Steadily promote market-oriented interest rate reform and improve market supply and demand-based, managed floating exchange rate system, improve foreign exchange reserve management, and gradually make the yuan convertible under capital accounts. Strengthen financial supervision and coordination, establish a sound early warning system to prevent systemic financial risk and disposal mechanisms. Participate in new round of amendments to the international financial standards, and enhancing our financial sector soundness standards. A deposit insurance system. Deepen the reform of policy banks. Improve the state-owned financial asset management system. Improve local government financial management system.


(44) deepen the prices of resource products and factor market reforms. Straighten out the coal, electricity, oil, gas, water, minerals and other resource products pricing relationships, improve important commodities and services, factor price formation mechanism. Speed up the construction of multi-level capital market system, significantly increased the proportion of direct financing. Actively develop the bond market and steadily develop OTC and futures markets. Improve the land, capital, labor, technology, information and other elements of the market, accelerate the construction of social credit system, improve market regulation and supervision system, standardize the market order.

(45) to accelerate the social system. Actively and steadily push forward science and technology, education, culture, health, sports and other reforming institutions. Foster and support social organizations and legal management, support and guide their participation in social management and services. Basic public service delivery reform and the introduction of competition mechanism, expand the purchase of services, provision of subject and mode of delivery to achieve diversity. Non-basic public services to promote market-oriented reforms, and enhance multi-level supply capacity to meet the diverse needs of the masses.

XI, the implementation of mutual benefit and win-win strategy of opening up to further enhance the level of opening up

To adapt to China's opening up mainly by exports and foreign investment shifted import and export of both foreign investment and foreign investment in the new situation, we must implement a more proactive strategy of opening up, and continuously expand new areas and open space, expand and deepen cooperation with the parties convergence of interests, and improve the development of a more open economy to adapt to the requirements of institutional mechanisms, and effective risk Yikaifangcu development and promote reform, and promote innovation.

(46) structure of foreign trade. Tuozhan external demand continued stability and to maintain existing export competitiveness, accelerate the development of technology, brand, quality and service as the core competitiveness of the new advantages to extend the processing trade, the domestic value-added chain, to promote market diversification, energetically develop service trade, export promotion structural transformation and upgrading. Play imports on the macroeconomic balance and the important role of structural adjustment and promote basic balance in trade balance.

(47) improve the utilization of foreign funds. Use of foreign capital to optimize the structure, rich way, expand the channels, improving quality, efforts to improve the soft investment environment, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors. Increase the intelligence, talent and technology transfer efforts to encourage foreign enterprises to establish R & D centers in China, drawing on the international advanced management concepts, systems, experience, and promote institutional and technological innovation. Expansion of financial services, logistics and other services outside world, the development of service outsourcing, opening up its education, health, sports and other fields, the introduction of high-quality resources, improve service international level.


(48) to accelerate the implementation of the "going out" strategy. According to market orientation and the principle of independent decision-making and guide various types of ownership enterprises to invest overseas and orderly co-operation. The development of overseas project contracting and expanding international agricultural cooperation, and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in the international energy resources, actively help to improve co-operation of local people's livelihood. Progressive development of large multinational companies and multinational financial institutions to raise the level of international operations. Widen the yuan in the cross-border trade and investment role.To do research overseas investment environment, strengthen the scientific assessment of investment projects. Improve the overall co-ordination, improve cross-sectoral coordination mechanism to strengthen the implementation of the "going out" strategy, macro-guidance and services. Maintenance of overseas interest in preventing various types of risk.

(49) actively participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation.Promote international economic system reform, promoting international economic order more just and rational direction. Promote the establishment of a balanced and win-win for the multilateral trading system and oppose all forms of protectionism. Guide and promote the regional cooperation process, accelerate the implementation of free trade strategy, with emerging market countries to deepen pragmatic cooperation and developing countries to increase economic assistance to developing countries.


Second, to unite the whole Party and people of all nationalities for the realization of "second Five-Year" plan to fight

(50) give full play to the party's leadership core. Party leadership is to achieve "five-second" period of economic and social development goals the fundamental guarantee, we must strengthen the Party's governance capability and vanguard nature, and constantly improve the party's leadership ability and level of economic and social development. Party committees at all levels to accurately grasp the development trend and scientific planning blueprint for the development efforts of innovative development and the strengthening of co-ordination of development, and effectively improve the quality of development. Party organizations to promote learning, strengthen and improve the cadre education and training, practice-oriented training, enhanced leadership groups and leading cadres to promote scientific development, promote social harmony and ability. Deepening the reform of personnel system, innovation, and improve the mechanism for selecting and appointing cadres, improve the leadership and cadres appraisal system, the formation of employment conducive to scientific development oriented.

(51) strengthening the socialist political civilization. Leadership of the Party, people are the masters, according to the law of state machine unity, develop socialist democracy, safeguard the right to information, participation, expression and right to supervise.Uphold and improve the people's congress system, the CPC-led multi-party cooperation and political consultation system of regional ethnic autonomy system, and grassroots self-government system. Consolidate and strengthen the broadest patriotic united front.Trade Union, Communist Youth League, women's federations and other mass organizations role. Really good job in ethnic and religious work to strengthen national unity and progress of education. Fully implement the basic strategy of rule of law, improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, maintaining the authority of the legal system, promoting administration according to law, fair and honest law enforcement, strengthening legal education, study of law in which all law-abiding good social atmosphere, and accelerate the construction of a socialist country ruled by law. Strengthen human rights protection, promotion of human rights undertakings.

(52) to strengthen national defense and army modernization. In the process of building a moderately prosperous society in the realization of the unity of the rich and strong army, the national defense and army modernization process of integration into national economic and social development. Adhere to Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on army building in the new period and Jiang Zemin on national defense and army building thinking, the scientific development concept as an important national defense and army building guidelines to implement the military strategic principle of overall strengthening of the armed forces more revolutionary, modernizedand regularization, accelerate composite development of mechanization and informatization armed forces to improve the information to win local wars under conditions of complete diversity at the core military mission capability. Deepen defense and military reform, optimize lead management system, improve joint operational command system, the development of new combat forces, promote military theory, military technology, military organization, military management innovation. Adhere to the military and civilian integration path of development, improve the weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training system, the military security system and national defense mobilization system. Modernization of the armed police force. National defense education to deepen and strengthen reserve forces, in close military and civilians.

(53) maintain our long-term prosperity and stability. Unswervingly implement the "one country two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao" and high degree of autonomy in strict accordance with the Special Administrative Region Basic Law and fully support the Special Administrative Region Chief Executive and the Government according to law. Strengthen the Mainland and Hong Kong, Macau exchanges and cooperation and continued implementation of the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement. Deepen the cooperation between Guangdong and promote regional economic development. Support Hong Kong to consolidate and enhance the international financial, trade and shipping center, and enhance industrial innovation and promote economic and social development. Support the construction of the world's tourism and leisure center of Macau to promote moderate economic diversity.

(54) promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and national reunification. "Peaceful reunification and one country two systems" principle and the current development of cross-strait relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the eight-point proposal to promote the full implementation of the important thinking of the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and the six points, and firmly grasp the theme of peaceful development of cross-strait relations and oppose "Taiwan independence" separatist activities. Consolidate the foundation for the development of cross-strait relations, mechanisms to promote the process of cross-strait exchanges, build framework for peaceful development of cross-strait relations. Deepen cross-strait economic cooperation and the implementation of cross-strait economic cooperation framework agreement to promote two-way investment and strengthen emerging industries, finance and other modern service industry cooperation. All walks of life actively expand cross-strait exchanges, strengthen cross-strait cultural and educational exchanges and cooperation, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of Taiwan compatriots. Economic Zone into full play in promoting cross-strait exchanges and cooperation in the pilot role.

(55) to actively create a favorable external environment. Peace, development and cooperation, pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, adhere to the path of peaceful development, adhere to the mutual benefit and win-win strategy of opening up, safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests, with other countries to promote the building of lasting peace and common prosperity harmonious world.Expand exchanges and cooperation with developed countries, increase mutual trust, enhance cooperation. Deepening good-neighborly friendship with neighboring countries and pragmatic cooperation and safeguarding regional peace and stability and promoting common development and prosperity. Strengthening solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, deepen traditional friendship and safeguard common interests. Depth development of multilateral diplomacy, and actively participate in international cooperation. To preserve our legitimate rights and interests of citizens and businesses abroad. Strengthen public diplomacy, extensive civil and friendly exchanges, promote humanities exchanges and enhance the Chinese people with the mutual understanding and friendship between peoples.


(56) All Party members must give full play to promote scientific development, promote social harmony vanguard and exemplary role. All Party members must firmly implement the Party's theories and the line, firmly establish the scientific concept of development, actively implement the accelerated transformation of economic development decision-making arrangements. Strengthening the Party's grassroots organizations, depth A Good activities, lead the masses to promote sound and rapid economic development.Leading cadres at all levels should adhere to the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, persist in the Party's mass line, always maintain close ties with the people, establish a correct view of achievements, and strive to make a stand the practice, people, history test performance. Strict party's political discipline, sound policies and arrangements for the implementation of the central major disciplinary safeguards to ensure the central government decrees. Strengthen anti-corruption, promoting anti-corruption institutional innovation, strict implementation of Clean and Honest Administration, party style, and discipline education to deepen and strengthen leading cadres are clean and strict management and strict control and supervision of the exercise of power, increase the investigation and handling of violating law and discipline cases efforts. Vigorously carry forward the glorious tradition and fine party style, a modest, hard work, thrift, do solid work, and resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, with good style unite the party and the people to form a society with Chinese characteristics the power of the cause.

All Party members and all people should rally closely with Comrade Hu Jintao as general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, seek truth from facts, advance with the times, to achieve national economic and social Twelfth Five-Year development plan and building a moderately prosperous society in grand goal!

Bullet scarce: the Long March Red Army small arms

Schematic diagram of the Long March route. Commonly referred to as the Central Red Army Long March generally refers to the strategic shift, in addition to the base of departure has arrived from the Northern Army was also Red 25, Red Army and the Red Fourth Army and so on.
 Red Army's Long March 70 years ago, is the world's most legendary wars in the history of the strategic shift one. Dangerous due to the natural environment, military emergency, the Long March has left very little literature files, the weapons used on the Red Army is not leaving any direct information. I collected a large number of army generals memoirs, traditional educational materials, local and international friends Chronicles book on the Long March, which will be scattered in the synthesis of information for those who grab a mere crumb written article, hoping to restore history to the reader to understand the Long March in the Red Light Weapons use some help.

The strength of the Red Army departure

October 1934, in the fifth against "encirclement and suppression" began nearly a year, the Central Soviet troops had surrounded the KMT into the Red Army had to get started preparing for the coming of the great shift. Written by American journalist Harrison Salisbury's "Long March: unheard-of story," begins with this narrative: "The spring and summer of 1934, conducted a special recruitment campaign is part of the plan, which restored the Red Army the power to mobilize all available manpower in Jiangxi province ... ... shop to begin repairs of firearms weapons, the production of new grenades, the bullet casings recovered from the battlefield, gunpowder and lead to re-install the head, lead run out, use wooden warheads. ... ... "to leave the base after taking into account the difficulties of supply, this preparation also includes the deployment of weapons, better, newer guns were concentrated in the hands of the main Red Army, the less the change to the Red Guards and the guerrillas.

 
 Comrade Chen Yun in Yan'an. He in 1935 in Moscow issued an assumed name "army Walk westbound" and other articles, is the earliest narrative information on the situation of the Red Army.
Based on 8 October 1934 statistics, starting from the Central Red Army in Jiangxi base, including the CMC column 1,2, 1,3,5,8,9 Juntuan the Red Army included, the total strength of a total of 8.68 million, which Supporting the troops is only equipped with a large step carbine 29153, 38 mortars, heavy machine guns, 357, 322 light machine guns, 3,141 pistols, 271 assault rifles. Although the 8.68 million people in a considerable number of agencies, support staff, but many still do not have enough combat troops gun, it is also carrying spears 6101, 882 sword as a supplement. These types of weapons are not only complex, but also accessories incomplete, step, only 60% of the carbine with a bayonet, and even more difficult after the start of the Long March to guarantee the necessary repairs and maintenance, which largely affect the operational effectiveness of these weapons. A bigger problem is a serious shortage of bullets, the Red Army only a step to carry bullets 1,418,000 horse hair, only 40 per gun made, and where most of the Red Army re-install their own arsenals, and not for firing weapons, and machine bullet sent only 223,000, almost even a larger battle can not support. Other equipment of the Red Army a few road with the Central Red Army broadly similar, such as the later West Army, although the overall strength of the more solid by the Fourth Army in the Red Army and Red 5,9,30 Cavalry Division, an independent group composed of women , but the army only 2.1 million people in more than 8,000 guns, each gun is only 5 and 25 rounds of ammunition. These small weapons in the Central Red Army after breaking 4 blockade has consumed more than half, and then the long journey up to one year, the Red Army's combat arms and ammunition seized almost entirely, in the former there to intercept, and later from behind the averagetravel 30 kilometers every day, day of the case a war, its difficult to imagine.

The enemy of Red Army

Red Army's weapons and their enemies than the one is better? This seemingly simple question is actually very complicated. Long March Red Army encountered the enemy in addition to the Nanjing government's so-called central forces, there are at least more than 10 local warlord forces. Although after 1928 the "reorganize and discharge surplus personnel meeting", but the enemy of the Red Army is still nominally unified by the government in Nanjing under the banner of the composition of the various separatist forces, due to their different sources of financial and weapons, equipment and training level are quite gap. Central Army his troops and equipment is of the best, because they have most of the state revenues, port and Shanghai, Nanking, and other modernization Hanyang arsenal, like the Central Army forces in the three-three system, each infantry company equipped with light machine guns 9, rifles and more than 80 sticks, each equipped with a well-equipped camp with a heavy machine gun with six heavy machine guns, and a gun with two of the battalion mortar platoon. Northeast Army, Yunnan and Jin are better equipped local forces. Northeast Army has the Northeast had the largest arsenal in the Far East, and purchase large quantities of advanced weapons from foreign countries, so strong, like the Red Army's troops in the northern 57 meet the military, each with a light machine gun 9, each Camp Even a heavy machine gun, a mortar with each group and one each in peace shoot Baolian, firepower can be comparable with the central own army. Went to Guiyang, "Jiu Jia," the Sun crossing the Yunnan Army columns each with 12 light machine gun there, heavy machine guns to the regiment configuration, travel directly under the Ministry of mortars, heavy machine guns of the row, the whole system was purchased from France, Jie, than three countries, the quality of the weapons even further over the central military edge.

 
 Salisbury American journalist in the Red Army would be reasonable witness interviews.He wrote in the 1980s, "The Long March: The Story unheard" is on the march home and abroad after the liberation of the most authoritative and comprehensive book one.
And Sichuan, Guizhou and Qinghai, Gansu, compared with the former local warlords, weapons and equipment will have the strength and lags far behind, which is the Army's decision to turn the region into an important reason. In particular, as a breakthrough in the Wujiang River, Siduchishui other important battles took place in Guizhou, local warlords Wang Jialie, Hou bear not only the small number of the Department, equipment is poor, and addicted to opium, fighting very weak. For long-term objective of separatism, they are also Qianbei Chishui city established its own arsenal, the West Side in 1924 to the former warlord week "official gun factory" based on the expansion into the Chishui arsenal, plant implementation of "Public Government Commerce" The stock, equipped with guns, bombs two sections, height of 2,3 thousand people when, in addition to rifles, but also production of assault rifles, Maxim, thirty machine guns and various ammunition, but poor quality. Qian Wang Jialie off into the Central Army, the plant received by the Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang, after the demolition to Chongqing. Hou bear part of the Department of Hanyang-style rifle in addition to imitate the old-fashioned mostly outside the "nine ring Mauser," the Chishui made, and made a part of Chishui small mortars, light machine guns and grenade launcher. Lian Chen Chen Yun pseudonym published in the fall of 1935, "Walk westbound army" is the first made public the records of the Long March, which spoke about breaking through the Wujiang River: "... ... Although the Department of Hou-called two-Tam division, but the bullets are the soil series made its Chishui arsenal, and no new weapons. This strength, how can we when the Red Army of Mao Zhu Hou ... ... the guardian of the Ministry of fortifications in Hebei, the Red Army immediately to machine guns, mortar attacks across the Department of Hou Hou Ministry immediately returned fire. But the Ministry of the portable machine gun Hou and flower organs of the soil system made by the Chishui arsenal, shooting ability is not far, not the South Coast ... ... Red Army that leapt ashore, the expulsion of the river fortifications within the Department of Hou The occupation of its fortifications. ". Red Chishui made these rifles contemptuously called "Nine ring Bang Bang", and confiscated after the formation of all transferred to the local guerrillas. The Red Army in Guizhou during the real "proceeds" from the February 1935 transition between the two Chishui, and then share with the Central Army Wu Qiwei Zunyi Ministry of fighting, according to "Red Star" newspaper reads: "The campaign total of more than 20 enemy rout group, more than a thousand enemy casualties, captured more than 2,000, more than 20 military seized guns very, supporting more than 3,000 rifles, bullets, made 30 million ... ... "


1911 after the outbreak of fighting near the Wuchang Qing (New Army) are equipped with Maxim machine guns. Column loaded rifle is the earliest and most widely used water-cooled heavy machine guns.

Sichuan army's equipment is bad times uneven, that is, imports of advanced weapons, there are also Chongqing, Chengdu, Arsenal produced in high-quality products. 24 Kang Sichuan army border interdiction in the Red Army, the first 5 Brigade and the Red Army in the vicinity of wild boar Kong confrontation. The mountain by the Red Army forces from the foot of the mountain to the firepower boar Kong Yang Gong, Sichuan army of the self-made firearms for limited range and can not hit the hill opposite the Red Army, the Red Army just down the hill Yanggong shooting, but they have often been on the mountain direct shot down the Red Army. "The Long March: The Story unheard" in such a record: "... ... in Luding Bridge was asked a former KMT officers fought, why, when the Red Army casualties Luding Bridge in the win so little? He said , because the KMT is too old guns and bullets are damp moldy, and most can not hit the river. ... ... "Although this is a joke, but it has some basis in fact. And Qinghai, Gansu and barren area to poor people, the local military equipment is also poor. After the Red Army passed Liupanshan, routed the warlords and Ma Hongbin, a group of Gansu, the results only seized to "qualified to go into the antique shops," the 80 "Wild Bunch" and "Nine ring Mauser", in order to avoid The inflow of private harming the people, the Red Army had sent two companies dedicated to perform a special task - this 80 broken stone smashed one by one gun.


 Imitation of the Red Army used the French Brand-type 82-mm mortars, the Long March is the most "heavy" weapons, but the Dadu River in force a battle after the bombs can not be for lack of work.

Red Army's tactics

Battle of the Red Army in the Xiangjiang River has experienced the frustration, quickly abandoned the "big move" means the transfer, not to carry too much baggage, except a few mortars, the so-called "re-fire" only variety of light machine guns . But the Red Army is good at the limited use of firepower together to form a local advantage, this approach many times in the life and death played a key role. Force a crossing the Dadu River, the Red Army to six heavy machine guns, dozens of machine guns to concentrate their firepower, and so successfully cover Xiong Changlin 17 commandos cross the river, seize and consolidate the shore head positions. "Walk west army" in this description: "... ... the south bank of the river, the Red Army then arranged a machine gun and mortar of the positions, and configure a PL striker to meet force a troop ship. When the Red Army from the south bank of the ship when driving Liu Jun is on the fire. but the Red Army is not a little daunting, courage, actually arrived in the river north, immediately hop ashore. Although Liu Jun of the shooting, but only four injured, the rest within the fortifications together Puzhi Liu Jun . At this point one surprise in the Red Army, Liu Jun, the bravery, courage is cold, the south bank of the Red Army was added mortar to shoot machine guns, Liu Jun, a few did not look up, and crossing the ten Yu Hongjun Liu Jun, the occupation and to pay its fortifications a firearm. Wen Liu Jun, a gunman authority, is intended to frame mountain gun positions, the line is not ten steps, he incurs the other side of the Red Army of the Principal striker Shedao on the ground. So all of Liu Jun, the mountains to the back. the Red Army that grab defensive fortifications Liu Jun, to stop down one side then the heavy sail back to the south bank of the Red Army set out to cross the river. to be through a battalion of the Red Army, the Red Army, Liu Jun Emergency immediately. Liujun Bing heart is cold, most of all by its defeat ... ... their arms. ... ... "In the battle to win the Luding Bridge, Sichuan army garrison have a battalion at a time when the Red Army did not even a mortar round, but they are in continuous rapid march of 240 li, or find ways to bring in a three machine guns , the commander Yang Chengwu be arranged in the high ground on the bridge, the battle began, the Red Army machine gunner accurate enemy fire will hit the other side could not lift their heads, cover the Greater Pearl River Liao wins in 22 Bridge Warriors success in one fell swoop.


Fei won the Luding Bridge commanders - four groups when he was political commissar of the red, General Yang Chengwu

Another way the Red Army is a good weapon to focus on a small number of elite forces to form a strike enemy of the "killer", the most typical is the only Red Army "helmet troops" - the red cadres led by Chen Geng group. The regiment in October 1934 by the Pang Yang, the public and the Red Army Military Academy University of little two-eds from the soldiers they were all ranked above even the cadres, equipment is better than ordinary troops. Tucheng battle, the stronger the Red Army hit Sichuan army "model teacher" Qi Guo Xun Ministry, the situation was bad, the key moment of cadres and groups to turn the tide, heavy machine guns from the four camps cover, wearing a helmet, two battalion launched assault knives, in one fell swoop defeat the enemy, the Red Army turned the corner. At that time the enemy knows that the Red Army has a group of cadres wearing combat helmets strong, so that tremble with fear. Another example is the Army's elite 15 October 1935 meeting of the Comintern Chen Yun as "the Long March of the report," specifically mentioned when the red four groups: Entering the Red Army after the regiment's reconnaissance company to take make-upsurprise means, "wearing a helmet, wearing a four-pocket coat on, under the breeches, exquisite leather belt around his waist, leggings and tidy. each hung a bag seized from where Chiang, business officers are equipped with a telescope above ... ... Yunnan Army and Qian Jun machine guns are not we so much. ... ... "local fault them as enemies of the Central Army, one day, red four-group does not even firing a single shot to the next Luquan, Wu Ding, Yuanmou three county, Yang Chengwu later wrote a "outsmart three counties," special account of the wars.


 Anshunchang made the Red Army memorial in the public display of 24-style Maxim heavy machine guns. At that time the enemy of the Red Army should also not equipped with such a shape in 1935 just new weapons.

 In the absence of a solid base support in the selection of the Red Army finally warfare with the enemy instead of recklessly consumed, initiate one of the important objectives of fighting is to get the supplies and weapons. Shi Ping Chen Yun pseudonym published in the spring of 1936, "heroic expedition" on the said: "... ... our Red Army soldiers, not willing to tussle with the provincial local warlords, but only the warring warlords happy and Nanjing, as defeated A warlord in Nanjing, usually always get a large number of food, ordnance, and local warlords are much poorer compared cold. ... ... "the Red Army's Long March to customary practice is to use a good gun seized their equipment, will replace the old under the gun for use in armed local people, or presented to the local and friendly forces, and could not take the place destroyed. April 1935, Red Army in the package, Block 30, destroy enemy combatants in the Department of Hu Tsung-nan 49 divisions, and seized large quantity of arms and ammunition, in addition to selecting one of the better part of additional troops, the rest were burned. Before the Red Army in combat, often to consider the "cost" problem, that is captured must be greater than consumption, especially bullets, or to try to avoid combat. After the Red Army into Gansu Province and the local warlords Lutaichangbu fight, While it defeat Lu Bu, but the Red Army in the battle consumed nearly 3 million rounds of ammunition, captured only to a number of old firearms and can not be used because of substandard caliber bullets, so the Red Army that the battle is "lost in this." This situation until October 7, 1935, the first detachment of the Red Army detachment in the Shaanxi-Gansu bluestone Guyuan County Department of mouth, Charles Ho elimination of the Northeast Army after two squadron to be changed, the battle and seized hundreds of horses and more than 10carriage of the bullets and uniforms, but the most exciting thing is the soldiers bullets of these hard-won - Yang Dinghua in "from Gansu to Shaanxi," will be described it as "just as more precious than life." November 1935, the Red Army in the Battle of Zhiluo wiped out the town of Northeast Army Niu Feng Department of a division and a regiment, in order to consume the cost of 12 million rounds of ammunition, and seized 5000 Czech-made carbine, light machine guns 250, 26 million bullets, hair, this rich Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet seized in order to consolidate for the final place in the northwest headquarters of the revolution and laid an important material foundation. So when the "Red Star Over China" author Edgar Snow in June 1936 into the northern base, he saw the Red Army is a mess, but yet sophisticated weapons and equipment up: "Red Army claimed that they Percentile of more than eighty more than seventy percent of firearms and ammunition seized from the enemy there. ... ... Basically, I have seen the regular army is the United Kingdom, Czechoslovakia, Germany and the United States, machine guns, rifles, automatic rifles and mountain artillery equip large numbers of these weapons are sold to the Nanjing government. "

Part of the Red Army to use light weapons

Red light on the use of weapons, Mr. Ma Shizeng in the "light weapons" in October (below) published the "Long March in the scanning light weapons" in the detailed list has been made in this presentation only to make some Shiyibuque:

★ rifle

In addition to various Mauser rifles and imitation, the Red Army used the rifle as well as Japan and the United Kingdom Enfield thirty-eight type two. March Eighth-type 6.5 mm rifle that was later called the "three eight cover", in that time is a more advanced weapons, the Department of the Army in 1917, the Northern Government level through the Thai company that bought the first 40,000, then the Manchurian Department of Guangdong, Shanxi system have been imported in large quantities. Shanxi Military Technology Practice imitation plant began in 1924, the highest was 3000 per month, the Northeast Arsenal also have to mimic. Early stage in the creation of the Red Army come into contact with the rifle, such as the main Guangzhou Uprising - training regiment for all equipment seized from the hands of the March Eighth Fengtien style. The West Army expedition encountered Ma Bufang way, Ma Buqing his troops, but also some new equipment purchased thirty-eight rifles.


German M1888 rifle, commonly known as the "old sleeve" in the Red Army it is a very common weapon.

Enfield rifle used by the Red Army is a major pre-war or post-production of MK Ⅱ MK Ⅲ type, a unique tongue and closed after the closure to be hit into the chamber when the design, fast rate of fire, good accuracy, durable, drawback is the weight larger. Because of its small domestic use caliber 7.7 mm, so the application does not like the German, Japanese-style rifles as wide, or even less Russian "water Pente" rifles, mainly by the British colonial forces in the impact of the Yangtze River, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuanforces of local warlords have the equipment. Other Tibetan areas due to a then-British colony of India and Pakistan and adjacent areas, more convenient to enter the British arms, the rifle to use more.

Light machine gun ★

The video works reflecting the Long March, we see light machine gun used by the Red Army is the Czech ZB26. As a reliable rifle lock, the replacement of the barrel quickly, so quickly became the main varieties of the domestic light machine guns. ZB26 was used in addition to imports, there Taku shipyard, weapons repair shop in Chongqing, Guangdong factories and Gongxian Arsenal replica weapons, but in addition consolidate the quality of plant products are poor. In fact, the Red Army was still the most used light machine guns opened Slovakia and Kazakhstan the M1922/26, a variety of caliber rifle and ammunition feed means, domestic imports are 7.92 mm, using 25 bullets board for the bomb, the barrel can be replaced, gas operated rifle is the principle, reliable performance, the disadvantage is the weight of the larger, more than 14 kg. Shanxi Military Technology Practice plant is manufacturing over this gun, had reached 20 per month, in June 1932 the National Government Department of War Industries Conference to convene a national standard weapons, intended for the standard light machine gun with its improved, though not due to the outbreak of warimplementation, but also an affirmation of the performance of rifle.


Jun Bo in the display of three light machine guns was a common country, from top to bottom are: the Belgian FN M30 (with a muzzle suppressor), Kazakhstan opened its Andean M1922/26, Madsen light machine guns.

Light machine gun used by the Red Army there, "Browning", "crooked handle," and Lewis machine guns. "Browning" Browning M1918 is a variety of generic and improve the product, the Red Army equipment is the best overall performance of a class of light machine guns, origin including the United States, Belgium and other countries. Belgium, which is called the production of FN M30, which is based on the improvement came in the M1918, the shape of the original goods with the United States are quite different, a diameter of 7.92 mm internal passage, so use more widely. These guns are not only the central military equipment, local forces also used, especially in Yunnan Army, has been importing large quantities of Belgian-made Browning machine guns. After the Red Army into Yunnan, the battle with the Yunnan Army had seized the weapon, while the Red Fourth Army in the fourth against "encirclement and suppression" when they had seized a number of American-made Browning machine guns. "Crooked handle" that are 11 years of Japanese-style 6.5 mm light machine gun, which is characterized by the funnel for the bomb, the Japanese army rifle equipped with the mid-1920s, but Arsenal began in 1924, the Northeast imitation, said ten years for light machine guns, officially put into operation in 1928, seventeen years later renamed for light machine guns, the highest yield of 40 months. Fourth Army in the Soviet Red Henan, Anhui and northwest with the Central Army combat troops, and seized a lot this machine gun, and in Sichuan after the smash in early 1933, "three-way siege" and played an important role in the fighting. Red 11, the top division in the fight attacking chicken used in more than 10 very "crooked handle," then click save Liu Sichuan army defeated a regiment of the Ministry of thick, made of bamboo valley off victory. Lewis machine gun, also known as "wheel guns" is a war in the British standard equipment, diameter 7.7 mm, using a circular elastic plate on a home, a large aluminum outer barrel sleeve, red the Second and Sixth Legion had a small amount of equipment, Red 9 million in 1933, the military source in the defense of his troops from the hands of Liu Xiang to pay to such weapons.


Long ago De (neutral) and the Red Army officers and men together. Near the gun should be for the United States produced 7.92 mm Browning M1922 type of light machine guns.

★ heavy machine guns

Red Army used heavy machine guns, including two types of water-cooled and air cooled. Mainly water-cooled Maxim and thirty-style. In addition to the original products in Germany, more contact with the Red Army there are two foreign Maxim deformation, one is 7.7 mm British Vickers machine gun, one is Russian Sokolov 7.62 mm machine gun, the former surface of the cooling water tube slot with a horizontal edge, using a special cage-like muzzle suppressor, while the latter use wheel-type gun rack with a shield. Maxim is the old China, the most popular standard machine gun, there Jinling Arsenal, Arsenal, Guangdong, Gong Xian Arsenal, Hanyang arsenal, Taku shipyard, more than 10 manufacturers of counterfeit too, most of imitation from M1899 and M1908/15, similar structures, consolidate plant also copy over Russian Maxim wheel frame. Jinling latest is at Arsenal for 24 years under the M1908/15 improved type, characterized by round after suppressor shading film, rifle into production quickly after the "Communist suppression" line, when the king in 1935 Xianeimengde asked the Government to go to Peking appropriation of weapons, Ho Ying-chin told him: "Now all new guns to 'destruction of the Communists', can not allocate more." after the number of domestic Maxim heavy machine gun is thirty, and its production plant in addition toHanyang, there Huayin Arsenal in Shanghai and so on, when in 1931 the country to produce more than 140. U.S. Browning M1917 rifle is based on imitation of Surveying and Mapping, shape and Maxim similar, but the rear casing is a small pistol grip rather than the high column independent double grip.


Nineteenth in the "one hundred twenty-eight" Battle of Shanghai in the use of the thirty-style heavy machine gun

Air-cooled machine guns imported mainly from France and Japan, Sri Lanka and Kazakhstan the opening of the March Eighth-style, Taisho years ceremony. Kazakhstan is one of Sri Lanka opened its most used models, from the early Republic of China began to import, for the 1914 common type, cali